Speakers of Western languages tend to preserve

SaveQuestion 14 (1 point)

Speakers of Western languages tend to preserve _____ spatial relationships when reproducing a pattern from the opposite side.

Question 14 options:

Egocentric

Environmental

Isotonic

Bilateral

SaveQuestion 15 (1 point)

Recent experiments have shown that _____ perform better than ____ on tasks that require memory of the locations and identities of objects

Question 15 options:

Males; females

Females; males

Dogs; cats

Cats; dogs

SaveQuestion 16 (1 point)

Recent experiments have shown that _____ perform better than _____ on tasks that require keeping track of orientation in large-scale environments.

Question 16 options:

Males; females

Females; males

Dogs; cats

Cats; dogs

SaveQuestion 17 (1 point)

When you walk into a classroom and see chairs, desks, and a computer at the front of the classroom, chances are you will go sit in a chair and face the front of the classroom while waiting for the class to start, even though you have never seen this particular classroom. The reason you do this is because you have a _____ of a classroom.

Question 17 options:

Category

Concept

Representation

Image

SaveQuestion 18 (1 point)

Categories are not as neat and obvious as they seem. Many items are thought to be either barely part of, or barely not part of, category. These borderline items illustrate the concept of

Question 18 options:

Psychological Categories

Almost-there Categories

Borderline Categories

Fuzzy Categories

SaveQuestion 19 (1 point)

A category prototype is a(n) _____ member of a category.

Question 19 options:

Borderline

Incidental

Typical

Atypical

SaveQuestion 20 (1 point)

The family resemblance theory would predict that which of the following would be called to mind most quickly when the category “bird” is primed?

Question 20 options:

Penguin

Ostrich

Ostrich

Robin

SaveQuestion 21 (1 point)

In terms of categorization, people generally have a preference for the _____ level when referring to an object.

Question 21 options:

Superordinate

Basic

Subordinate

Nominal

SaveQuestion 22 (1 point)

_____ categories are especially difficult for young children to fully acquire.

Question 22 options:

Superordinate

Basic

Subordinate

Nominal

SaveQuestion 23 (1 point)

Experts in a field often prefer using _____ categories.

Question 23 options:

Superordinate

Basic

Subordinate

Nominal

SaveQuestion 24 (1 point)

The theory that states that concepts are represented as a set of weighted features is the

Question 24 options:

Representativeness theory

Exemplar theory

Prototype theory

Weighted features theory

SaveQuestion 25 (1 point)

The theory that states that concepts are represented by many examples is the

Question 25 options:

Representativeness theory

Exemplar theory

Prototype theory

Weighted features theory

SaveQuestion 26 (1 point)

Psychological essentialism tends NOT to apply to which of the following

Question 26 options:

Animals

Artifacts

Minerals

Plants

SaveQuestion 27 (1 point)

Which of the following is an example of the birth of a new language, created by children?

Question 27 options:

Haitian Sign Language

Nicaraguan Sign Language

Columbian Sign Language

American Sign Language

SaveQuestion 28 (1 point)

When interlocutors share a set of knowledge, this is referred to as

Question 28 options:

Common ground

Typical features

General knowledge

Common knowledge

SaveQuestion 29 (1 point)

More than 90% of conversations occur in groups of ____ individuals or fewer.

Question 29 options:

6

5

4

3

SaveQuestion 30 (1 point)

In language, when one concept reminds us of another related concept, this is called

Question 30 options:

Priming

Associating

Relating

Connecting

SaveQuestion 31 (1 point)

When naturally occurring conversations are observed, about _____ % turns out to be gossip.

Question 31 options:

20

40

60

80

SaveQuestion 32 (1 point)

Stereotypes are part of the _____ people share.

Question 32 options:

Common ground

Typical features

General knowledge

Common knowledge

SaveQuestion 33 (1 point)

Lyubomirsky, Sousa, and Dickerhoof (2006) found that when people write and talk about negative past life events, their psychological well-being _____; when thinking about negative past events, their psychological well-being _____.

Question 33 options:

Increased; increased

Decreased; decreased

Increased; decreased

Decreased; increased

SaveQuestion 34 (1 point)

Language _____ thought.

Question 34 options:

Determines

Influences

Predicts

Belies

SaveQuestion 35 (1 point)

Cultures that often drop the pronoun in sentences tend to be more _____ in nature.

Question 35 options:

Pre-lingual

Indigenous

Individualistic

Collectivist

SaveQuestion 36 (1 point)

The ability to draw upon several sources of information and use all of these sources of information to analyze a concept is known as ______.

Question 36 options:

Working memory

Cognition

Executive function

Information processing

SaveQuestion 37 (1 point)

Many things influence our cognitive processes. For example, it has been found that a person’s _____ influences his/her assessment of his/her medical symptoms.

Question 37 options:

Location

Age

Mood

IQ

SaveQuestion 38 (1 point)

The way that information is acquired, stored, and analyzed depends on the content of that information. This is referred to as

Question 38 options:

Domain specificity

Content specificity

Spatial specificity

Local specificity

SaveQuestion 39 (1 point)

People with damage to the ______ cortex often show impaired judgment in the form of terrible decisions (e.g., bad financial decisions).

Question 39 options:

Temporal

Occipital

Prefrontal

Parietal

SaveQuestion 40 (1 point)

Most IQ tests include a number of different items designed to test distinct intellectual abilities. Which of the following is not likely to be on an IQ test?

Question 40 options:

Items testing verbal ability

Items testing visual ability

Items testing auditory abilities

Items testing working memory

SaveQuestion 41 (1 point)

IQ tests are a good predictor of

Question 41 options:

Work performance

Military performance

School performance

Conversational ability

SaveQuestion 42 (1 point)

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of Sternberg’s “triarchic” theory of intelligence?

Question 42 options:

IQ

Analytic

Creative

Practical

SaveQuestion 43 (1 point)

Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences proposes that there are at least _____ separate abilities.

Question 43 options:

8

6

4

2

SaveQuestion 44 (1 point)

Intelligence is largely determined by ______.

Question 44 options:

Environment

Genetic makeup

Both environment and genetic makeup

Unknown factors

SaveQuestion 45 (1 point)

Human beings try to make rational decisions, but our cognitive limitations prevent us from being fully rational. This is called

Question 45 options:

Constraints on rationality

Irrationality

Limited rationality

Bounded rationality

SaveQuestion 46 (1 point)

Biases wherein we rely on rules of thumb to make decisions are called

Question 46 options:

Alternative decisions

Heuristics

Biased Decisions

Flawed reasoning processes

SaveQuestion 47 (1 point)

We are influenced by the way a question is worded. This is called

Question 47 options:

Anchoring

Availability

Representativeness

Framing

SaveQuestion 48 (1 point)

Stanovich and West believe that the way we can fix our biases is to use _____ when making big decisions.

Question 48 options:

System 1

System 2

System 3

System 4

SaveQuestion 49 (1 point)

Young babies actively choose to attend more to some things and less to others. For example, one-month-old babies have a preference for looking at

Question 49 options:

Women’s faces

Their mother’s face

A breast

Scenery (e.g., mountains)

SaveQuestion 50 (1 point)

When cognitive growth in childhood involves qualitative changes, we say that development is

Question 50 options:

Continuous

Discontinuous

Orderly

Progressive

SaveQuestion 51 (1 point)

When cognitive growth in childhood involves quantitative changes, we say that development is

Question 51 options:

Continuous

Discontinuous

Orderly

Progressive

SaveQuestion 52 (1 point)

Piaget’s theory was one of _____ change.

Question 52 options:

Continuous

Discontinuous

Orderly

Progressive

SaveQuestion 53 (1 point)

Piaget contended that children _____ months of age and under would not reach for an object that has been taken away and hidden, because the child does not remember that the object continues to exist.

Question 53 options:

11

9

7

5

SaveQuestion 54 (1 point)

Children only focus on one dimension of an object (such as only its height, disregarding its width) when they are in the

Question 54 options:

Formal operations stage

Concrete operations stage

Preoperational stage

Sensorimotor stage