HIEU 201 Chapter 4 Quiz

HIEU 201 CHAPTER 4 QUIZ

The Ionian philosophers believed that
 
a. nature was manipulated by arbitrary and willful gods.    

 
b. nature was governed by blind chance and therefore unknowable.    

 
c. nature could be thoroughly and persuasively explained by earlier creation legends.    

 
d. nature contains a hidden structure that is ascertainable by the human mind.    

Parmenides' fundamental belief was
 
a. that the matter in the world could be destroyed and reformed an infinite number of times.    

 
b. that the senses were the only reliable source of information about nature.    

 
c. that the universe underwent change and development over time.    

 
d. that the cosmos and all that is within it is one, eternal, and unchanging.    

The Sophists' interest in human and social concerns
 
a. reflected their rational, secular, and analytical approach to philosophy.    

 
b. emphasized the importance of traditional religion, government, and law.    

 
c. was based on an emotional interpretation of values and institutions.    

 
d. was motivated primarily by their metaphysical concern for the place of human beings in the cosmos.    

Socrates believed that the central concern of the individual should be to
 
a. attain a deeper knowledge of the matter and structure of the natural world.    

 
b. pursue fame and power within the political life of the polis.    

 
c. contemplate the gods and seek immortality.    

 
d. perfect one's character and achieve moral excellence.    

Plato's political writings
 
a. praise the virtues of democracy over all other forms of government.    

 
b. reject the idea that women should have equal access with men to positions of power.    

 
c. reflect his criticism of Athenian democracy.    

 
d. advocate a military dictatorship in which the strongest would maintain law and order.    

Aristotle's theory of truth held that
 
a. the Forms were located in a higher world outside of direct human experience.    

 
b. the Forms existed in things themselves.    

 
c. philosophy offered no satisfactory way of investigating the natural world.    

 
d. Parmenides was right when he rejected information derived from the senses.    

Greek drama
 
a. avoided investigations of emotion.    

 
b. originated in religious festivals.    

 
c. avoided depictions of conflict between human beings and the gods.    

 
d. emphasized only the sufferings and weaknesses of individuals.    

Aristophanes
 
a. admired the Athenian leadership of his time.    

 
b. used comedy to critique Athenian society.    

 
c. was the greatest writer of Greek tragic drama.    

 
d. believed female characters on stage to be blasphemy.    

Which of the following is NOT true of the Greek historian Herodotus?
 
a. He demonstrated a cautious and critical attitude toward his sources.    

 
b. He valued the study and preservation of the past.    

 
c. He eliminated all references to the gods in his writing.    

 
d. He attempted to examine the histories of the Greeks and other societies dispassionately, without prejudice.    

Greek dramatists
 
a. explored both the weaknesses and the courage of human beings.    

 
b. believed individuals lacked free will in making decisions.    

 
c. omitted from their works rational reflection, focusing instead on characters as passive victims.    

 
d. rejected the idea of an inner logic in the universe.    

The development of rational thought in Greece
 
a. was completed when Plato and Aristotle eliminated all mythical modes of thought from their philosophy.    

 
b. represented a significant advance from Near Eastern mythopoeic culture but did not result in the elimination of myth from Greek life and thought.    

 
c. represents a smooth continuation of trends that began in the Near East.    

 
d. was limited in that reason was applied to the physical world, but not to human activities.    

•The first Ionian philosophers were called cosmologists because they
 
a. rejected the idea that universal principles guided the universe.    

 
b. believed that everything in the world was an impermanent illusion.    

 
c. rejected the study of nature in favor of the study of the stars alone.    

 
d. sought the underlying principles of the universe.    

•Anaximander rejected Thales' theory that water was the original substance and believed instead that ________ was the source of all things.
 
a. the Boundless    

 
b. air    

 
c. True Being    

 
d. fire    

•In contrast to the Mesopotamians and the Egyptians, the Greeks
 
a. reluctantly embraced monarchy as required for a just state.    

 
b. never experienced political tyranny.    

 
c. lacked a sense of individual worth.    

 
d. created civic politics and political freedom.    

•Which of the following is NOT true of Greek medicine as practiced by Hippocratic physicians?
 
a. It included detailed recording of the observation of ill patients.    

 
b. It was influenced by the thought of the early Greek cosmologists.    

 
c. It involved the classification of patients' symptoms and predictions of the course of their disease.    

 
d. It embraced supernatural and magical explanations and cures for disease.    

•Socrates' method of inquiry, dialectics, involved
 
a. the withdrawal of the individual from society, in order to facilitate private contemplation.    

 
b. analysis that was based on the assumption that human beings are fundamentally irrational.    

 
c. a dialogue between individuals, meant to root out illogical assumptions and arrive at clearly defined ideas.    

 
d. a process through which an individual cleared him or herself of all negative thoughts.    

•Plato argued that truth
 
a. resides in the world of Forms rather than the material world of experience.    

 
b. is an imperfect and transitory reflection of our knowledge of the physical world.    

 
c. is subjective, rather than a universal absolute.    

 
d. is accessible through the senses.    

•During the classical age of Greek art, art was
 
a. realistic.    

 
b. naturalistic.    

 
c. idealistic.    

 
d. all of the above    

•Greek historians believed that history
 
a. is not the record of divine wrath or benevolence but the actions solely of human beings.    

 
b. had the purpose of narrating the deeds of gods and their human agents, the god-kings.    

 
c. was vital in marking progression over time.    

 
d. is composed of unique events, each with a special meaning.    

•Thucydides' greatest work
 
a. sought general principles that guide human nature, through an analysis of the Peloponnesian War.    

 
b. rejected philosophical approaches to history.    

 
c. was a study of military tactics during the Persian War.    

 
d. was a great compilation of myths and legends.