FSU PSYC320 2021 January Quiz 4 Latest

PSYC320 Theories of Learning

Quiz 4

Question 1Based on the information provided in the text, we can use the principles of extinguishing to help drug addicts extinguish their habit. This is often done by using small amounts of their drug during therapy, which allows the:

  drug use to become a US.

  addict to experience less withdrawal.

  drug use to be part of the context.

  addict to experience fewer cravings.

 Question 2If someone blows a puff of air into one's eyes, the person automatically blinks. In this example, the puff of air is a(n):

  unconditioned stimulus.

  unconditioned response.

  conditioned stimulus.

  conditioned response.

 Question 3When the eyeblink reflex is conditioned using a tone, the puff of air is the:

  unconditioned response.

  conditioned response.

  conditioned stimulus.

  unconditioned stimulus.

 Question 4Latent inhibition is problematic for the Rescorla–Wagner model because the model predicts that there will be:

  learning in the pre-exposure phase (phase 1).

  learning in the training phase (phase 2).

  no learning in the pre-exposure phase (phase 1).

  no learning in the training phase (phase 2).

 Question 5When researchers gave animals an injection of an inert placebo to pre-expose them to the contextual cues associated with drug use, they found that the animals:

  formed an association between the context and drug use more slowly than normal.

  formed an association between the context and drug use more quickly than normal.

  formed an association between the context and drug use at the normal rate.

  did not form an association between the context and drug use.

 Question 6Something that naturally elicits a reflexive response is called a(n):

  conditioned response.

  unconditioned stimulus.

  unconditioned response.

  conditioned stimulus.

 Question 7Lesion studies suggest that the interpositus nucleus is involved in _____, while the cerebellar cortex is involved in _____.

  computing the degree to which the US is unexpected; formation and execution of the CR

  response timing; computing the degree to which the US is unexpected

  formation and execution of the CR; response timing

  response timing; formation and execution of the CR

 Question 8Lightning is usually followed by thunder. Eventually, one can be startled by the lightning alone. The unconditioned response is being:

  scared of lightning.

  startled by lightning.

  startled by thunder.

  scared of thunder.

 Question 9When a previously acquired association is diminished through repeated presentation of the CS in the absence of the US, it is known as:

  homeostasis.

  extinction.

  aversive conditioning.

  appetitive conditioning.

 Question 10Anatomical changes in neural circuits (such as growth or loss of synapses) seem to be responsible for _____ forms of memory; intracellular changes (such as an increase or decrease in neurotransmitter vesicles) seem to be responsible for _____ forms of memory.

  long-term; short-term

  short-term; short-term

  short-term; long-term

  long-term; long-term

 Question 11A reduction in learning about a CS to which there has been prior exposure without any US is called:

  prediction error.

  latent inhibition.

  blocking.

  extinction.

 Question 12Removing the _____ abolishes conditioned responses.

  interpositus nucleus

  cerebellar cortex

  pontine nuclei

  inferior olive

 Question 13In order to get Pavlov's dog to experience extinction, one would:

  play the tone more loudly on each trial.

  present the food repeatedly without playing the tone.

  give the dog a little extra food on each trial.

  play the tone repeatedly without any food.

 Question 14The Conditioned Emotional Response (CER) was a technique developed to study:

  influence of surroundings.

  learned fear.

  emotional response.

  sound response.

 Question 15In mammals, the two sites where information about the CS–US association can be stored in the cerebellum are the _____ and the _____.

  Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex; inferior olive

  Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex; interpositus nucleus

  pontine nuclei; interpositus nucleus

  pontine nuclei; inferior olive

 Question 16Which statement is suggested by the Rescorla–Wagner model?

  When the CS predicts the US and the expected US occurs, the association between the CS and the US is increased.

  When the CS predicts nothing and an unexpected US occurs, no learning occurs.

  When the CS predicts the US and the expected US does not occur, the association between the CS and the US is decreased.

  When the CS predicts the US and the expected US does not occur, no learning occurs.

 Question 17Juan's dog salivates when Juan goes to the cupboard to get a dog biscuit. What is the unconditioned stimulus?

  Juan

  salivation

  the dog biscuit

  the cupboard

 Question 18Which is an example of appetitive conditioning?

  rats learning to run a maze to avoid being shocked

  associating a person's cologne or perfume with having sex

  displaying a reflexive knee-jerk response

  dogs being trained to use smell to find drugs

 Question 19According to the phenomenon of conditioned compensatory response, drug addicts develop a tolerance to their drug because:

  environmental cues elicit CRs that counteract the effect of the drug.

  environmental cues elicit URs that enhance the effect of the drug.

  the drug elicits a UR that becomes weaker over time.

  the drug elicits a CR that enhances the effect of the drug.

 Question 20When the US is an unpleasant event such as shock, the conditioning is called _____ conditioning.

  trace

  aversive

  delay

  appetitive