FSU PSYC320 2021 January Quiz 11 Latest

PSYC320 Theories of Learning

Quiz 11

Question 1The areas of the brain that become active during both the observation and performance of actions are located in what region of the brain in both humans and monkeys?

  lower regions

  lateral region

  cortical regions

  occipital lobe

 Question 2The process in which an observer learns something new through experiences with others is called:

  stimulus enhancement.

  emotional contagion.

  social transmission of information.

  observational conditioning.

 Question 3The foundation of language and speech acquisition is:

  intelligence.

  operant conditioning.

  social learning.

  classical conditioning.

 Question 4The inborn tendency to react emotionally to visual or acoustic stimuli that indicate an emotional response in other members of one's species is called:

  imitation.

  stimulus enhancement.

  observational conditioning.

  emotional contagion.

 Question 5The findings about patients with frontal-lobe damage who exhibit deficits in the ability to imitate suggest that the frontal lobes:

  are important for matching a sound produced by someone else to the memory of that sound.

  are important for visually matching an observed action to the memory of that action.

  play a role in inhibiting imitation.

  play a role in enhancing imitation.

 Question 6A model of song learning that consists of three basic phases that are song memorization, song practice, and song utilization is known as:

  social transitioning.

  classical conditioning.

  the template model.

  social learning.

 Question 7Neurons in _____ respond when a bird hears a song and when it produces the song.

  Area X

  the basal ganglia

  the frontal cortex

  the high vocal center (HVC) and the robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA)

 Question 8Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that:

 

  rats are more likely to eat a novel food if they smell the food on another rat's breath after observing the other rat eating the food.

  a novel food can become a preferred food if a rat observes another rat eating the food, even if the observer rat never smells the food.

  food preferences that are learned through observation are not passed down to subsequent generations.

  rats can learn to eat, but not to avoid, novel foods by observing another rat eating the food.

 Question 9If you are waiting to purchase an item from the vending machine and the person in front of you loses some money and you decide not to risk losing your money and use another machine, this is known as social:

  learning.

  conformity of standards.

  transmission of information.

  discrimination.

 Question 10Bandura listed four basic steps to explain people copying what they see. The four steps are:

  accessible format, presence of a model, motivation for reproducing the action, and ability to reproduce the action.

  presence of a model, accessible format, ability to reproduce the action, and motivation for reproducing the action.

  motivation for reproducing the action, ability to reproduce the action, presence of a model, and accessible format.

  accessible format, presence of a model, ability to reproduce the action, and motivation for reproducing the action.

 Question 11When children imitate acts that reveal what they have learned from watching someone demonstrate an action, this demonstration is called:

  copying.

  true imitation.

  modeling.

  emulation.

 Question 12In Bandura's Bobo doll study, it was found that:

  for girls, aggression was more common when they observed a female model than a male model.

  aggressive behavior transferred to other contexts.

  the attack styles of the children who behaved aggressively were different from the attack styles of the models they observed.

  only the children who were first provoked showed aggression toward the Bobo doll.

 Question 13Studies of copying how to open a box in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _____ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior instead of truly imitate it than _____.

  human children; chimpanzees

  human adults; chimpanzees

  chimpanzees; human children

  human children; human adults

 Question 14In relation to song learning by birds, the circuits for learning and producing songs involve the _____, while the circuits for storing perceptual-motor skills used in singing involve the _____.

  LMAN and RA; HVC and Area X

  HVC and LMAN; RA and Area X

  HVC and RA; LMAN and Area X

  Area X and LMAN; HVC and RA

 Question 15Correlational studies examining commercials have looked for associations between familiarity with the content of commercials and drinking behavior. Such studies have shown that:

  this advertising introduces young adults to the dangers of alcohol and promotes a deters behavior.

  if properly timed, advertisements serve to promote a positive behavior in young adults that is passed on with social situations.

  this product placement is conditioning disguised as entertainment.

  greater exposure to alcohol advertising is correlated with a greater likelihood of binge drinking in young adults.

 Question 16Research suggests that viewing violent images:

  can lead to positive outcomes when people imitate nonviolent "heroes" in otherwise violent TV shows.

  can decrease a person's arousal level such that the person behaves less aggressively.

  is much more likely to lead to aggression than is reading about violence or seeing violence in a play.

  can increase the likelihood that a child will behave aggressively immediately after seeing them.

 Question 17An individual learns an emotional response after observing similar responses in others. This is known as:

  observational conditioning.

  stimulus enhancement.

  imitation.

  emotional contagion.

 Question 18Gina saw her friend panic and react in fear when she saw a spider. When Gina sees a spider the next day in her kitchen, she begins to panic and react in fear. This is an example of:

  stimulus enhancement.

  social conformity.

  emotional contagion.

  observational conditioning.

 Question 19Imagine that you are attending a very fancy dinner for the first time. You learn which utensil to use for each course of the meal by watching which utensils the other guests use. This demonstrates:

  social transmission of information.

  emotional contagion.

  observational conditioning.

  stimulus enhancement.

 Question 20Stroke-related damage in the _____ in particular can disrupt imitative abilities.

  temporal lobes

  frontal lobes

  hippocampus

  amygdala