Explain the mind-body problem to the best of your ability

For this essay, 

explain the mind-body problem to the best of your ability.  Then, discuss the implications the mind-body problem poses on the hypothesis of mental causation.  Your discussion should involve the notion of epiphenomenalism.  As usual, this response needs to be written in essay format.  For example, you may want to organize your essay by defining and describing the mind-body problem in the first paragraph before discussing solutions to the problem (e.g., dualism, monism, idealism, physicalism) in the second paragraph.  The third paragraph can be used to demonstrate problems with the physicalists' approach, while the fourth and concluding paragraph can be used to discuss mental causation.