The Taguchi Quality Loss Function (QLF) demonstrates

37. A graphical representation of frequency of occurrence of the factors contributing to an indicated quality problem, ordered from the most to the least frequent, is a(n):

A. Control chart.

B. Pareto diagram.

C. Histogram.

D. Ishikawa diagram.

E. Cause-and-effect diagram.

38. A graphical method that organizes a chain of causes and effects to sort out root causes and identify relationships between causes or variables is a(n):

A. Control chart.

B. Pareto diagram.

C. Histogram.

D. Fish-bone (i.e., Ishikawa) diagram.

E. Brainstorm report.

39. Which of the following is a tool that indicates how frequently each type of quality defect occurs?

A. Control chart.

B. Pareto diagram.

C. Cause and effect diagram.

D. Fishbone diagrams.

E. Ishikawa diagram.

40. A tool that can be used to identify potential causes of failures or defects is a:

A. Control chart.

B. Pareto diagram.

C. Fishbone (i.e., Ishikawa) diagram.

D. Run chart.

E. Six Sigma report.

45. A shows trends in a quality measure over time.

A. Pareto diagram

B. Fishbone (i.e., Ishikawa) diagram

C. Cost-of-Quality (COQ) report

D. Run chart

E. Taguchi Loss Function (TLF)

46. Which of the following statements about product quality is not true?

AIn almost all cases detecting and fixing quality problems before delivering to customers are far less

. expensive than dealing with quality failures in the field after delivery has been made to the customers.

B.In general, designing quality into products is far less expensive than trying to detect quality problems during production.

C. Quality failure costs should include the possible opportunity cost of lost future sales.

D The most expensive cost to the firm for a quality failure in the field is the cost of emergency service to

. fix the problem or to replace the product.

EThe cost of fixing quality problems after delivery to the customer is likely to exceed both the cost of

. designing quality into the product and the cost of detecting quality defects during production.

47. Within a Cost-of-Quality (COQ) system, product liability resulting from a legal action is classified as a(n):

A. Internal failure cost.

B. External failure cost.

C. Legal cost.

D. Administrative expense.

E. Manufacturing overhead cost.

48. The four categories of cost associated with a Cost-of-Quality (COQ) reporting system are:

A. External failure, internal failure, prevention, and carrying.

B. External failure, internal failure, prevention, and appraisal.

C. External failure, internal failure, training, and appraisal.

D. Warranty, product liability, training, and appraisal.

E. Warranty, product liability, prevention, and appraisal.

49. In a Cost-of-Quality (COQ) reporting framework, the cost of scrap, rework, and tooling changes are categorized as a(n):

A. External failure cost.

B. Internal failure cost.

C. Manufacturing overhead cost.

D. Avoidable cost.

E. Appraisal cost.

50. All of the following costs are generally included in a Cost-of-Quality (COQ) report except:

A. Warranty claims.

B. Forgone contribution margin on lost sales.

C. The cost of making sales calls.

D. Design re-engineering costs.

E. The cost of implementing a statistical process control (SPC) system.