SCo100 Midterm exam 2017

Question 1 of 53 1.0 Points

From a sociological perspective, the love you feel for a romantic partner is a product of particular historical and social circumstances.

A. True

B. False

Question 2 of 53 1.0 Points

The significance of a sociological imagination is that sociology attempts to connect individual experiences to a conception of a larger social structure.

A. True

B. False

Question 3 of 53 1.0 Points

According to Emile Durkheim, society is equal to the sum of individual acts.

A. True

B. False

Question 4 of 53 1.0 Points

The difference between Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim is that Emile Durkheim argued that social change is caused by economic influences as opposed to ideas and values.

A. True

B. False

Question 5 of 53 1.0 Points

A dependent variable produces an effect upon another variable.

A. True

B. False

Question 6 of 53 1.0 Points

In sociological studies, if researchers can show statistical correlation, they can claim that the study has shown causation.

A. True

B. False

Question 7 of 53 1.0 Points

A woman’s concern for her newborn is in part influenced by the hormonal changes of pregnancy but, more importantly, by cultural norms of gender and motherhood indicating the relationship between nature and nurture.

A. True

B. False

Question 8 of 53 1.0 Points

The fact that the second world has disappeared is the result of the fact that all countries are adapting capitalistic economies.

A. True

B. False

Question 9 of 53 1.0 Points

The level of material culture in a society completely determines other aspects of cultural development.

A. True

B. False

Question 10 of 53 1.0 Points

The reason that nationalism is a countervailing influence to globalization is because local identities take precedence over worldwide concerns.

A. True

B. False

Question 11 of 53

George Herbert Mead’s analysis of child development emphasizes stages of cognitive development and the importance of sociobiology.

A. True

B. False

Question 12 of 53 1.0 Points

According to George Herbert Mead,, the socialization process occurs in three stages: the I stage the me stage and the generalized other stage.

A. True

B. False

Question 13 of 53 1.0 Points

George Herbert Mead referred to the general morals and values of culture in which a child develops as symbolic morality.

A. True

B. False

Question 14 of 53 1.0 Points

When a common enemy threatens violence against a group or society, often conflicts and differences between members of the group or society diminish, and social solidarity and unity increase. The increase of social cohesion can be considered a latent function of the threat of violence.

A. True

B. False

Question 15 of 53 1.0 Points

Schools teach us various academic subjects. However, they are also involved in the socialization process in more latent ways, as exemplified in their emphasis on teaching students the importance of observing rules.

A. True

B. False

Question 16 of 53 1.0 Points

Social groups of similar age and social background are known as socializing groups.

A. True

B. False

Question 17 of 53 1.0 Points

The characteristic of television violence that has the most significant effect on children’s behavior is the context within which the violence is portrayed.

A. True

B. False

Question 18 of 53 1.0 Points

The positive, albeit latent, consequence of preoccupation of video games is that they provide young people with skills useful in an electronic age.

A. True

B. False

Question 19 of 53 1.0 Points

Functionalists argue that social roles are inherently embedded in social class contexts and related to social power.

A. True

B. False

Question 20 of 53 1.0 Points

The belief that individuals adapt to social roles in which they are placed ignores the idea that social roles are a negotiated and dynamic construction.

A. True

B. False

Question 21 of 53 1.0 Points

Identity, in the sociological sense, is the understanding of what is meaningful to us, a set of characteristics we share with others and that are also unique to us as individuals.

A. True

B. False

Question 22 of 53 1.0 Points

The difference between social identity and self-identity is that social -identity is static while self identity is dynamic.

A. True

B. False

Question 23 of 53 1.0 Points

The process of self-development through which we establish a unique sense of who we are as a person and our relationship to the rest of the world is known as self-identity.

A. True

B. False

Question 24 of 53 1.0 Points

The stage in the development process at which gender socialization begins is toddlerhood.

A. True

B. False

Question 25 of 53 1.0 Points

Gender roles arise naturally from biological sex categories.

A. True

B. False

Question 26 of 53 1.0 Points

Erving Goffman’s study of social interaction pointed to the fact that examining social interaction in everyday life allows sociologists to see how unimportant non verbal communication is.

A. True

B. False

Question 27 of 53 1.0 Points

The exchange of information and meaning through facial expressions and movements of the body is called unfocused interaction.

A. True

B. False

Question 28 of 53 1.0 Points

When your professor wears a tie to the first day of class and later changes into shorts and a T-shirt for a barbecue with friends, he is engaging in impression management.

A. True

B. False

Question 29 of 53 1.0 Points

It is an accurate statement to say that social interaction theorists would agree with the notion that humans will collaborate with one another to make sure that interactions end without embarrassment at every turn.

A. True

B. False

Question 30 of 53 1.0 Points

People sharing a common characteristic such as gender, occupation, or ethnicity, but not necessarily interaction with each other, are called a social group.

A. True

B. False

Question 31 of 53 1.0 Points

One of the important lessons learned for Milgram’s study and the reading about the My Lai massacre is that people will do almost anything to resist those in positions of power.

A. True

B. False

Question 32 of 53 1.0 Points

It can be said of social networks that it’s not what you know, it’s who you know, not all networks are social groups, and people depend on social networks to gain advantage.

A. True

B. False

Question 33 of 53 1.0 Points

Max Weber likened bureaucracies to organisms operating on the principle of evolution.

A. True

B. False

Question 34 of 53 1.0 Points

Emile Durkheim’s view of deviance is that in defining what is deviant, we also become aware of what is not deviant.

A. True

B. False

Question 35 of 53 1.0 Points

Robert Merton would characterize organized crime members as retreatists.

A. True

B. False

Question 36 of 53 1.0 Points

Living in a high crime area in which an individual may befriend others involved in criminal activities, thus increasing one’s opportunity to learn criminal behavior is a basic assumption of Differential Association theory.

A. True

B. False

Question 37 of 53 1.0 Points

Labeling theorists interpret deviance as a genetic component of personality and socialization.

A. True

B. False

Question 38 of 53 1.0 Points

A Structural Functionalist theorist would agree with the idea that deviants are labeled as such by powerful groups who use the label to control the less powerful.

A. True

B. False

Question 39 of 53 1.0 Points

The theory that a Marxist theorist would most likely agree is Conflict

theory.

True

False

Question 40 of 53 1.0 Points

It is evident that according to sociological research and theory, high crime rates are the price we pay for freedom and allowing non-conformity.

A. True

B. False

Question 41 of 53 1.0 Points

Sociological studies show that prisons are effective at deterring crime and are focused on rehabilitation.

A. True

B. False

Question 42 of 53 1.0 Points

Identifying yourself as criminal is called secondary deviance.

A. True

B. False

Question 43 of 53 1.0 Points

Since 1991, rates of violent crime have decreased significantly in the U.S.

A. True

B. False

Question 44 of 53 1.0 Points

Reintegrative shaming in the U.S. cannot work because the country is too individualistic.

A. True

B. False

Question 45 of 53 1.0 Points

Consumption patterns are not accurate indicators of class location.

A. True

B. False

Question 46 of 53 During the twentieth century, the Unites States and South Africa both had caste systems based upon race.

A. True

B. False

Question 47 of 53 1.0 Points

The relationship between wealth and income can best be explained by the understanding that the same factors that limit people’s income also limit the accumulation of wealth.

A. True

B. False

Question 48 of 53 1.0 Points

As an occupational group, sociology professors are high in cultural capital but relatively lower in economical capital.

A. True

B. False

Question 49 of 53 1.0 Points

Statistics indicate that child poverty is much more severe when children live in households headed by single fathers.

A. True

B. False

Question 50 of 53 1.0 Points

A common criticism of the culture of poverty approach is that welfare dependency is not taken into account.

A. True

B. False

Part 2 of 2 - Essays 0.0 Points

Please answer two of the following three questions each worth 25 points.

Question 51 of 53 Essay 2. In chapter six in the text and in the My Lai massacre article in Massey ?s reader, you have learned that there are circumstances in which people will act contrary to their morals and conscience by obeying directives from an authority figure even though their actions may have horrible consequences. Explain the various forces at work in some of these terrible situations.

Question 52 of 53 Essay 1. William Shakespeare's statement "All the world's a stage"

has much significance for sociologists in the study of human interaction. Explain why. Be sure to incorporate the concepts of roles,

norms, etc.

Question 53 of 53 0.0 Points

Essay 3. As you have read in Chapter seven in the text and in one of the lectures, there have been and continue to be many theories about why people commit deviant acts. One theory discussed is Control theory. Explain Control theory. How does the notion of reintegrative shaming support the assumptions of Control theory?