Psych19 exam 2

Question # 00004416 Posted By: neil2103 Updated on: 12/02/2013 02:49 PM Due on: 12/31/2013
Subject Psychology Topic General Psychology Tutorials:
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1.What would provide evidence that habituation has occurred?(Points : 2)





Question 2.2.Plasticity means ____.(Points : 2)





Question 3.3.The relatively stable characteristics of a child's response to the environment including activity level, sociability, and emotionality are called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 4.4.Motor reflexes undergo some transformations during infancy. What is the typical pattern of change? Think about reaching and grasping as an example.(Points : 2)





Question 5.5.Infants who exhibit a pattern of intense negative reactions to unfamiliar objects, negative mood, and are slow to adapt are displaying which type of temperament?(Points : 2)





Question 6.6.Which of the following behaviors is NOT used as evidence that an attachment has been formed?(Points : 2)





Question 7.7.Babies who avoid contact with their mothers after separation or who ignore her efforts to interact have a(n) ____ attachment.(Points : 2)





Question 8.8.Which attachment pattern is linked with the most serious mental health problems in later childhood?(Points : 2)





Question 9.9.Which of the following has been consistently observed to be a consequence of secure attachments formed in infancy?(Points : 2)





Question 10.10.Which statement best reflects the apparent connection between infant temperament and attachment?(Points : 2)





Question 11.11.In the study of an intervention with mothers and infants who were classified as having an anxious attachment, which one of the following was an outcome of the intervention?(Points : 2)





Question 12.12.According to the "Theory" theory, infants start out with some basic sensory, motor, and cognitive structures. What might modify these structures?(Points : 2)





Question 13.13.What are the first and last phases in the development of causal schemes during the sensorimotor period?(Points : 2)





Question 14.14.Objects do not cease to exist when they are out of reach or view. This concept is referred to as ____.(Points : 2)





Question 15.15.Which of the following family factors is tied to increases in an infant's negative emotionality?(Points : 2)





Question 16.16.On her first birthday, Emily looks at her mother as they observe the clown coming to her party. At first Emily is crying. Then her mother smiles and acts very happy, so Emily smiles, too. This is an example of ____.(Points : 2)





Question 17.17.Within the process of communication, which of the following patterns builds a sense of mutuality between the infant and the caregiver?(Points : 2)





Question 18.18.Mental images, symbolic drawing, and imitation in the absence of a model are examples of which of the following?(Points : 2)





Question 19.19.Match the concept with the correct definition.
(Points : 6)
Potential Matches:
1 : scaffolding
2 : holophrases
3 : overregularize
4 : receptive language
5 : telegraphic speech
6 : expansion
Answer
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Question 20.20.Among the choices below, which is the most important factor that caregivers contribute for the cognitive growth of their toddler?(Points : 2)





Question 21.21.In which type of play do children coordinate their pretense by establishing a fantasy structure, taking roles, agreeing on the make-believe meaning of props, and solving pretend problems?(Points : 2)





Question 22.22.Which of the following describes the direction of fantasy play from the beginning of toddlerhood to the end?(Points : 2)





Question 23.23.According to Vygotsky's concept of Zone of Proximal Development, children in pretend play ____.(Points : 2)





Question 24.24.For a toddler, what is one of the consequences of having strong feelings of shame and doubt?(Points : 2)





Question 25.25.Which of the following is the psychosocial crisis of toddlerhood?(Points : 2)





Question 26.26.George is 2 ½ years old. He is with his mother in the grocery store and asks her to buy sugar coated sugar bumps (his favorite cereal). When his mother says no George begins to get upset. He stands in the middle of the aisle with his arms crossed. When his mother asks him to come with her he says “Not until you buy me my sugar bumps!” George’s mother is considering several options to get him to do what she wants. Match the different things she is considering to the different categories of discipline practices discussed in your text.
(Points : 3)
Potential Matches:
1 :power assertion
2 :inductions
3 :love withdrawal
Answer
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Question 27.27.Match the following terms and their definitions.
(Points : 4)
Potential Matches:
1 : gender
2 : sexual orientation
3 : sex
4 : gender-role standards
Answer
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Question 28.28.Which of the following is the earliest component of gender role identification to be achieved?(Points : 2)





Question 29.29.For the early-school-age child, moral development involves a process of learning the family's moral code and then using it to guide behavior. This is called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 30.30.Joelle, a 6-year old, really wants to eat a cookie out of the cookie jar. However she remembers how mad her mother got at her when she ate a cookie right before dinner last week and she starts to feel anxiety. In the end, Joelle decides not to eat the cookie and this reduces her anxiety. This is an example of ____.(Points : 2)





Question 31.31.Every day Johnny watches Tally get in trouble when she rides her bike further than their mother allows them to go. Johnny really wants to go around the corner when riding his bike but he knows his mother will be angry and that he will get in trouble, so he stops at the corner and turns back towards their house on his bike. This is an example of ____.(Points : 2)





Question 32.32.According to cognitive developmental theory, advances in moral reasoning occur when a child has to reconcile new views about basic moral concepts with existing views about what is right or wrong. This process is called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 33.33.Perspective taking differs from empathy in which way?(Points : 2)





Question 34.34.People who have high self-esteem tend to ____.(Points : 2)





Question 35.35.Group games during early school age often permit children to shift roles. This contributes to which of the following?(Points : 2)





Question 36.36.Which of the following is true about the groups girls and boys prefer during early school age?(Points : 2)





Question 37.37.Children who suffer extreme feelings of guilt are likely to believe that ____.(Points : 2)





Question 38.38.How is attachment formation in infancy related to friendship formation?(Points : 2)





Question 39.39.Some children who are rejected tend to be disruptive and aggressive; others tend to be socially withdrawn. Which of the following statements is more characteristic of the aggressive/disruptive children than the socially withdrawn group?(Points : 2)





Question 40.40.According to Piaget's Theory, an action or transformation that is carried out in thought rather than in action is called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 41.41.Why does Piaget use the term "concrete" to describe the quality of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood?(Points : 2)





Question 42.42.Milly is thinking about why she is feeling sad and disappointed. This kind of thinking is called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 43.43.According to Robert Sternberg, there are three kinds of intelligence. However, tests of intelligence typically only assess one of these. Which one is that?(Points : 2)





Question 44.44.During middle childhood, self-evaluation is strongly influenced by ____.(Points : 2)





Question 45.45.A person's sense of confidence that he or she can perform behaviors in a specific situation is called ____.(Points : 2)





Question 46.46.Tally, an 8-year-old, watches Claire climb the rock wall. Tally had been scared to try it until she saw Claire do it. This is an example of how Tally's self efficacy can be raised through ____.(Points : 2)





Question 47.47.At the end of seventh grade Maria was doing great in her science class and really enjoyed it. She signed up for Mr. Turner’s advanced science next year. She was a bit nervous but thought to herself, “Sure it will be more challenging but I’ve done so well in science this year I bet I can handle it!”.

From the perspective of self efficacy the above description reflects the influence of ______ and should contribute ________ to Maria’s belief in her ability to ability to do well in the harder science class.

(Points : 3)





Question 48.48.During the first week of advanced science class Mr. Turner gave a pop quiz. Even though she read the chapter, Maria’s heart was racing and she got confused. She ‘blanked’ out on several questions. She did not score well. On seeing her score she thought to herself “I could have done better, but I was too nervous.”

From the perspective of self efficacy the above description reflects the influence of ______ and should contribute ________ to Maria’s belief in her ability to ability to do well in the harder science class. (Points : 2)





Question 49.49.How is a sense of self-efficacy related to persistence?(Points : 2)





Question 50.50.Some children who perform well on standardized tests perceive themselves to be below average in academic ability. According to your text what might be one reason for this?(Points : 2)





Question 51.51.Team sports emphasize which of the following concepts?(Points : 2)





Question 52.52.A student who believes in her ability to approach a new situation and "get the job done" demonstrates ____.(Points : 2)





Question 53.53.Which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristic?(Points : 2)





Question 54.54.Which of the following is a criticism of formal operational reasoning as a stage of cognitive development?(Points : 2)





Question 55.55.According to the text, egocentrism may best be described as ____.(Points : 2)





Question 56.56.Adolescents may believe that their thoughts and feelings are unique; that no one else is thinking what they are thinking. Elkind referred to this as ____.(Points : 2)





Question 57.57.Larson and Lampman-Petraitis gave electronic paging devices to monitor adolescents' emotions. They found that adolescents experienced ____.(Points : 2)





Question 58.58.Which of the following is an example of an internalizing problem?(Points : 2)





Question 59.59.According to your text, how is the problem of anorexia linked to the topic of emotional development?(Points : 2)





Question 60.60.Which of the following statements about peer pressure is most accurate?(Points : 2)





Question 61.61.Match the term and its definition.
(Points : 6)
Potential Matches:
1 : peer pressure
2 : Egocentrism
3 : Alienation
4 : group identity
5 : secular growth trend
6 : formal operations
Answer
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