Devry PSY110 final exam June 2016

1.(TCOs 1, 2) Sallie noticed that when her alarm clock goes off in the morning, her dog Ruffles is standing by her bed salivating. Every morning when Sallie wakes to the alarm, she immediately rolls out of bed and feeds Ruffles, who very much enjoys his canned dog food. It is likely that _____. (Points : 5)

Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to enjoy canned dog food

Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to sleep next to her bed

Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to salivate over canned dog food

Sallie has conditioned Ruffles to salivate to the sound of her alarm clock

Question 2. 2. (TCOs 1, 2) Julie finds that the number of hours she sleeps each night is related to the scores she receives on quizzes the next day. As her sleep approaches eight hours, her quiz scores improve; as her sleep drops to five hours, her quiz scores show a similar decline. Julie realizes that _____. (Points : 5)

there is a negative correlation between the number of hours she sleeps and her quiz grades

there is a positive correlation between the number of hours she sleeps and her quiz grades

her low quiz scores are caused by sleep deprivation the night before a quiz

she should sleep about 10 hours a night to ensure 100 percent quiz grades

Question 3. 3. (TCOs 2, 3) The two types of glial cells are called _____ and _____. (Points : 5)

occipital; lobitical

oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells

occipital; Schwann

oligodendrocytes; lobitical

Question 4. 4. (TCOs 2, 3) The central nervous system consists of _____. (Points : 5)

the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions

the brain and spinal cord

muscles and glands

sense organs and sensory neurons

Question 5. 5. (TCO 4) The vestibular senses are concerned with _____. (Points : 5)

touch, pressure, temperature, and pain

the location of body parts in relation to the ground and to each other

movement and body position

your location as compared to the position of the sun

Question 6. 6. (TCO 4) Suppose you look at a given figure and decide that, depending on how you look at it, it can be perceived as either an old woman or a young lady. Such a figure would be said to be _____. (Points : 5)

mixed

confused

reversible

inconsistent

Question 7. 7. (TCO 5) Which of the following stages of sleep is marked by the production of very slow delta waves? (Points : 5)

REM

Stage 1 (N1)

Stage 2 (N2)

Stage 4 (N4)

Question 8. 8. (TCO 5) All of the following are signs of physical dependence related to cocaine EXCEPT _____. (Points : 5)

compulsivity

loss of control

disregard for consequences of use

obsessing about where to buy it

Question 9. 9. (TCOs 7, 8) For years, parents have wondered whether physical discipline of their children (spanking, for example) was an effective and acceptable practice. What findings from many research studies have promoted the idea that spanking a child may be a bad idea? (Points : 5)

Children who were spanked at the age of 5 were more likely to show symptoms of depression at the age of 10.

Spanking showed far more negative long-term effects when used on daughters as opposed to sons.

Girls who were spanked as a form of punishment in toddlerhood were more likely to experience a premature entry into puberty.

Children who were spanked at the age of 3 showed more aggressive tendencies by the age of 5.

Question 10. 10. (TCOs 7, 8) While watching the evening news, you see a story about domestic abuse and wonder, “Why would people stay in relationship where they are being abused?” According to Seligman, one factor that may contribute to victims staying in abusive relationships is _____. (Points : 5)

observational learning

learned helplessness

conditioned emotional response

instinctive drift

Question 11. 11. (TCOs 7, 8) A police officer is shot in a gun battle with bank robbers. Although emergency brain surgery saves his life, it leaves him unable to store new information. The officer’s family is applying to the state for compensation for his injuries. When asked to provide a diagnosis of the difficulties he suffers, what will they write? (Points : 5)

Proactive amnesia

Anterograde amnesia

Retrograde amnesia

Retroactive amnesia

Question 12. 12. (TCOs 7, 8) Evidence suggests that procedural memories are stored in the _____. (Points : 5)

cerebellum

prefrontal and temporal lobes of the cortex

hippocampus

amygdala

Question 13. 13. (TCO 8) Which type of thinking is most closely related to creativity? (Points : 5)

Heuristic

Divergent

Insightful

Convergent

Question 14. 14. (TCO 8). In order to conclusively show that animals do use language, one would have to demonstrate that _____. (Points : 5)

the language had an auditory, or sound, component

the language had a genetic or instinctual base

the language used arbitrary or abstract symbols

the animals have the same vocal abilities as people

Question 15. 15. (TCO 10) Emily and her husband are thrilled as they peer into Emily’s uterus by means of an ultrasound. The physician reports that the pregnancy appears normal and that their baby’s fingers, toes, heart, and circulatory system are developing as expected. The couple learns that the baby is only an inch long. Given this information, the current stage of prenatal development is the _____. (Points : 5)

embryonic period

germinal period

zygotic period

fetal stage

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Question 1. 1. (TCO 10) At what stage of moral development is moral thought guided by principles that have been decided upon by the individual and may be in disagreement with accepted social norms? (Points : 5)

Preoperational

Preconventional

Postconventional

Conventional role conformity

Question 2. 2. (TCO 9) Early in the twentieth century, William McDougal and others proposed that motivation was a result of _____. (Points : 5)

instincts

incentives

drives

emotions

Question 3. 3. (TCO 9) Which of the following is a criticism of Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? (Points : 5)

The highest level has never been attained.

Self-actualization is actually a biological drive.

The hierarchy does not have any focus on social needs.

There is a lack of scientific support.

Question 4. 4. (TCO 11) Which of the following statements is true regarding the development of the sex organs in a baby? (Points : 5)

The first sex organs appear far earlier in girls than in boys, because the organs do not require extra tissue for their formation.

The first sex organs do not develop until the first 12 weeks of pregnancy are over, which is why pregnant parents cannot find out the gender of the baby until this point.

The first sex organs, which are the gonads, are undifferentiated in male and female fetuses for the first month of pregnancy.

The first sex organs appear far earlier in boys than in girls, because the organs are external as opposed to internal.

Question 5. 5. (TCO 10) John lost his job as a steelworker. However, when seeking new employment, he considers a wide variety of jobs, such as fighter pilot, teacher, and nurse. Given these choices, a psychologist like Bem might consider John to be (Points : 5)

sexist.

narcissistic.

confused.

androgynous.

Question 6. 6. (TCO 6) For the past six months, Dahlia’s job has been extremely stressful, but she doesn’t feel that she can quit, because she needs the money for tuition. Dahlia has been having chronic headaches and is behind in all of her classes. According to Hans Selye, Dahlia is in the _____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome. (Points : 5)

alarm

collapse

exhaustion

resistance

Question 7. 7. (TCO 6) Vanna’s mother is ill and Vanna is feeling overwhelmed and sad. To cope with this stress of her mother’s illness, Vanna has been writing her feelings down in a journal. Vanna is using _____. (Points : 5)

problem-focused coping

emotion-focused coping

distraction

reappraisal

Question 8. 8. (TCO 13) The classic Robber’s Cave study showed that prejudice can be reduced by _____. (Points : 5)

mere exposure

relearning social norms

cooperating to meet a mutually beneficial goal

rethinking one’s stereotypes

Question 9. 9. (TCO 13) What actual event could have been predicted based on the results of Zimbardo’s classic prisoner study at Stanford University? (Points : 5)

The prison break at Attica prison in New York

The events in Waco, Texas, in which followers of a cult were killed by government agents

The events at Abu Gharib prison in Iraq

The attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001

Question 10. 10. (TCO 11) Jeff has to get up early to go to school, but he wants to stay up late and watch television. His parents disapprove of him staying up late, but when they go out for the evening, he disregards their wishes and stays up late anyway. The next day, he feels extremely guilty. How would Carl Rogers explain Jeff’s guilt? (Points : 5)

It results from Jeff’s inferiority complex, which has been enlarged by Jeff’s adoption of his parents’ value judgments.

It results from the conflict between Jeff’s need to seek pleasure and his desire to do well in school.

It results from a psychological conflict between Jeff’s personal desire to stay up late and the opinion adopted from his parents that it is wrong to stay up late.

It results from an overactive superego, which is punishing Jeff’s id for gratifying his desires.

Question 11. 11. (TCO 11) If Sylvia is described as trustworthy, altruistic, and tender-minded, then she probably is fairly high on the Big Five factor known as _____. (Points : 5)

extraversion

neuroticism

openness

agreeableness

Question 12. 12. Which of the following is a characteristic of major depressive disorder? (Points : 5)

Depressed mood that comes and goes frequently

Diminished interest in daily activities

Heightened interest in sexual activity

An enhanced sense of creativity

Question 13. 13. (TCO 11) Which of the following is the biological explanation for mood disorders? (Points : 5)

They are a result of learned helplessness.

They are a result of anger turned inward on oneself.

They are a result of distortions in thinking.

They are a result of an imbalance of brain chemicals.

Question 14. 14. (TCO 12) As Celine begins to reveal more and more of her innermost thoughts and feelings to her psychodynamic therapist, she begins to feel good about him, as well as accepted by him. She develops a sense of trust, particularly because he does not criticize her. What process is occurring? (Points : 5)

Unconditional positive regard

Insight

Rationalization

Transference

Question 15. 15. (TCO 12) Which behavior therapy technique is commonly used to treat anxieties or fears? (Points : 5)

Interpretation

Free association

Dream analysis

Exposure

Question 1. 1. (TCO 1) What are the differences among a person’s gender, gender identity, and gender roles? How do biology, environment, and culture play a factor in this development? (Points : 20)

Question 2. 2. (TCO 6) Compare and contrast problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping. Is one necessarily better than the other? Can you give an example where either might be useful, stating the specific way in which each coping skill might be employed? (Points : 15)

Question 3. 3. (TCO 13) Consider the way that most children feel about eating spinach. Unless the child is very unusual, you will probably not get a favorable reaction when you put a plate of spinach in front of that youngster. Discuss the child’s responses from all three of the components of attitudes. Do you think a child’s attitude would change if the child were served spinach immediately following a viewing of the movie Popeye? (Points : 15)

Question 4. 4. (TCO 11) Distinguish between depression and bipolar disorder. How are they similar? How are they different? (Points : 20)

Both depression and bipolar disorders are mental disorders. Depression involves being in a low mood and

Question 5. 5. (TCO 12) Describe psychoanalysis. Include information about its theoretical background, how it seeks to help people, its key concepts, and an evaluation of its effectiveness. (Points : 20)