Carlton, a 6-year-old boy, played on a sandy beach with his mother.

Carlton, a 6-year-old boy, played on a sandy beach with his mother. He began to run along the shoreline when he stepped on the sharp edge of a shell, giving himself a deep cut on his foot. His mother washed his feet in the lake and put on his running shoes to take him home. One day later, Carlton’s foot looked worse. The gash was red and painful. The foot was warm to the touch and appeared swollen. Carlton’s mom put some gauze over the wound and prepared to take him to the local community health clinic.

1. What is the physiologic mechanism causing the wound to become red, hot, swollen, and painful? How is this different from the inflammatory response in an internal organ?

2. What immunologic events are happening at the local level during Carlton’s acute inflammatory response?

3. Nutrition plays an important factor in wound healing. What stages of wound healing would be affected by a deficiency in vitamins A and C?