BIOL 133 - Enhancers located hundreds of bases

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Enhancers located hundreds of bases upstream of a gene can be brought to the promoter by _________.

A.distal control elements

B.DNA bending proteins

C.trascription factors

D.initiation factors

Feedback: Incorrect-

Learning Objective Text: Explain how enhancers and repressors regulate gene expression

Question 3 of 10

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_________ is the first protein to bind to mRNA to being initiation of translation.

A.TFIIA

B.eIF-2

C.TFIID

D.60S ribosomal subunit

E.40S ribosomal subunit

Question 4 of 10

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A gene is made up of three exons (numbered consecutively) with two introns (intron 1 between exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 between exons 2 and 3). What would happen if there were a mutation at the 3â splice site of intron 1?

A.mRNA with only exons 2 and 3

B.mRNA with exons 2 and 3 along with intron 2

C.mRNA with all three exons along with intron 1

D.mRNA with all three exons and both introns

Feedback: Correct

Question 5 of 10

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Overexpression of miRNAs can lead to a decrease of protein expression associated with some forms of cancer. What could a drug do to counter this effect?

A.increase promoter activity of the miRNA genes

B.decrease expression of RNA polymerase

C.increase expression of RISC

D.decrease expression of miRNA

Feedback: Learning Objective: Discuss how understanding regulation of gene expression can lead to better drug design

Question 6 of 10

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The portions of the mature mRNA where RNA-binding proteins can attach in order to change RNA stability are known as

A.untranslated regions

B.codons

C.poly-A-tails

D.enhancers

E.operators

Question 8 of 10

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If every cell in the body gets the same DNA, how do the cells of an embryo make different structures and take on different roles? (Select all that apply.)

A. Different transcription factors are active in different cells.

B. Different transcription factors are encoded in the DNA.

C. Genes are spliced differently in different cells.

D. Translation is regulated so that different cells may make more of certain proteins.

E. Some cells lack ribosomes while others use them.

F. Cells delete a set of unused genes from their chromosomes.

Question 9 of 10

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Epigenetics refers to a special kind of hereditary mechanism. Epigenetic changes do not change the DNA nucleotide sequence, yet their effect on gene expression can last for several generations.

In one surprising study, it was found that the grandsons of men who suffered a famine were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease. The experience of famine made some cardio-protective change in the sperm of those grandfathers that was passed on.

What type of change was likely responsible?

A.ubiquitin tagging

B.phosphatase levels

C.histone acetylation or DNA methylation

D.transcription factor activity

Question 10 of 10

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What would happen if there were a mutation in the operator of thetrp operon?

A.the trpoperon woudl not be able to express the genes

B.the CAP protein couldn't bind, therefore shutting off the genes

C.the trp operon would continuously express the genes

D.RNA polymerase could not recognize the promoter, so transcription would not occur