bio156 lab 2

LAB 2

1. Identify the functional group or molecule for each of the following. (3 points)
1. COOH
2. COH
3. COH
2. List whether each of the following substances was positive or negative for reducing sugar, as indicated by the Benedict's test. (6 points)
1. Corn syrup (1 point)
2. Table sugar (1 point)
3. Unknown 1 (1 point)
4. Unknown 2 (1 point)
5. Unknown 3 (1 point)
6. Unknown 4 (1 point)
3. List whether each of the following substances was positive or negative for starch, as indicated by using iodine. (7 points)
1. Onion juice (1 point)
2. Water (1 point)
3. Cornstarch (1 point)
4. Unknown 1 (1 point)
5. Unknown 2 (1 point)
6. Unknown 3 (1 point)
7. Unknown 4 (1 point)
4. The Sudan III test has been performed for you. Please see the image below to answer question 4a-g: Were the following substances positive or negative for lipids, as indicated by the Sudan III test? (7 points)

Click on image to enlarge.

1. Oil (O) (1 point)
2. Butter (B) (1 point)
3. Flour (F) (1 point)
4. Unknown 1 (1 point)
5. Unknown 2 (1 point)
6. Unknown 3 (1 point)
7. Unknown 4 (1 point)
1. List whether each of the following substances was positive or negative for protein, as indicated by the Biuret test. (7 points)
1. Chicken soup (1 point)
2. Water (1 point)
3. Gelatin (1 point)
4. Unknown 1 (1 point)
5. Unknown 2 (1 point)
6. Unknown 3 (1 point)
7. Unknown 4 (1 point)
2. Report the results from the catalase test. (3 points)
1. Liver

Is catalase present? Yes/No (1 point)

1. Roast beef

Is catalase present? Yes/No (1 point)

1. Student supplied meat (provide name of meat)

Is catalase present? Yes/No (1 point):

1. List the pH for each substance tested. (5 points)
1. Vinegar (1 point)
2. Shampoo (1 point)
3. Lemon juice (1 point)
4. Distilled water (1 point)
5. Baking soda (1 point)
2. What was the purpose of using water as a sample in some of the tests performed in the lab? (2 points)
3. Four unknown samples were included in the lab kit: flax seed meal, potato starch, egg whites, and dried milk. Using the results of the biochemical testing, determine which number corresponds to the correct unknown. (8 points)
1. Unknown 1 (2 points)
2. Unknown 2 (2 points)
3. Unknown 3 (2 points)
4. Unknown 4 (2 points)
4. State a commercial use for biochemical testing as performed in this online laboratory. (5 points)
5. Describe the three different types of bonds, providing examples of compounds (or interactions) formed through each type of bond. (3 points)
6. What is the difference between a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and a polysaccharide? (3 points)
7. State three factors that can affect the observance of a particular enzyme in a test performance. (3 points)
8. While working part-time at a lab, Matthew is asked to grab a jar that contains carbohydrates. Two jars are on the counter, each labeled with their chemical formula. One is labeled C₅H₁₀O₅, and the other is C₃H₉O₃. (6 points)
1. Which one is the carbohydrate? (1 point)
2. What should Matthew's decision be based upon? (4 points)
3. What type of sugar is it? (1 points)
9. Many commercial food products are sweetened with table sugar. What is the chemical composition (technical name) of table sugar? (2 points)
10. Answer the following questions:
1. How are monosaccharides made from a disaccharide? (2 points)
2. What is this reaction called? (1 points)
11. At home, Helena is cooking with butter and lard. While the fats sit on the counter, she notices that the butter begins to melt, but the lard doesn't. Based on what she knows about fats, which product most likely contains the most hydrogen atoms? Provide an explanation for this. (5 points)
12. Name two body structures that are composed of protein. (2 points)
13. (Application) How might the information gained from this lab pertaining to biological molecules be useful to a student employed in a healthcare related profession? (20 points)