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Bus3012Response-80 wordAfter reading this week's materials and researching on the Internet, it depends on what the business dispute includes as to whether the courts are the best forum to resolve these matters.  There are alternatives to litigation with mediation, negotiation, arbitration, and on line dispute resolution with and without third party assistant.  While there are pros and cons to litigation, there are pros and cons to mediation, negotiation, and arbitration, too.  Some disadvantages are not having to follow previous cases, no written opinions, no deadlines or sanctions unless specified.  Some advantages include less expensive, less time dealing with the issue, and able to pick who the mediator, negotiator, or arbitrator will be (Miller & Cross, 2014).According to Reitman (2003), The Allagash Wilderness Waterway had been a source of constant litigation since its inception in 1966 by national and state agencies, landowners, environmentalists and sportsmen..  When Governor John Baldacci had been in office for roughly four months, the latest dispute had been successfully mediated and all parties were in an agreement.  Twenty-three men and women took part in the mediation which took place at the River Drivers Restaurant.  By the end of 30 hours, all 23 people had signed the agreement.  The agreement touched based on all issues and at the end, no one was victorious but everyone was in agreement.  As one participant said, "I think the differences between us were vastly overblown...we just needed to sit down and talk about it (Reitman, 2003)."  I believe that most litigation issues start with a misunderstanding or a refusal to listen; whereas, utilizing alternative dispute resolutions can bring these issues to past a lot quicker than our court system.  There are some litigation issues that would benefit from the courts instead of ADR due to the nature of the issue or the complexity of the issue (Rosenthal, 2009).  Melissa GustinReferences:Miller, R. L., & Cross, F. B. (2014). The legal environment of business: Text and cases – Ethical, regulatory, global, and corporate issues (9th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western. ISBN: 9781285428949.Reitman, J. (2003, June). The Allagash: A Case Study of a Successful Environmental Mediation. Retrieved April 14, 2015, fromhttp://www.mediate.com/articles/reitmanJ.cfm#Rosenthal, Esq., J. (2009, April 13). Selecting the Best Resolution Process for Legal Disputes. Retrieved April 14, 2015, fromhttp://www.cpa2biz.com/Content/media/PRODUCER_CONTENT/Newsletters/Articles_2009/CPA/Apr/Disputes.jspResponse-75 wordPerform an analysis of the social / demographic, technological, economic, environmental / geographic, and political/legal / governmental segments to understand the general environment facing Union Pacific.•         Social/Demographic- Union Pacific draws upon the expertise and experiences of individuals from all backgrounds. Example of organizations Union Pacific works with include:  Asian Employee Resource Organization, Black          Employee Network, Council of Native American Heritage, Latino               Employee Network, Lead, Educate, Achieve and    Develop (women’s network), UPVETS (military veterans) https://www.up.com/.../pdf_up_sustain_2013.pdf•         Technological- Union Pacific has pioneered locomotive technology research, resulting in clean technologies that have become standard for railroads across the country. These include: Reduced Engine idling; intermediate Line-haul locomotive; Genet, alternative fuels and other Emissions-Reducing Technologies. https://www.up.com/.../pdf_up_sustain_2013.pdf•         Economic- Railroad infrastructure is supported largely through private investments, not taxpayer dollars. In the most recent study published by the AAR, Union Pacific’s spending surpasses highway spending by state agencies in 46 states, with the exceptions of Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania and California. According to the AAR, every railroad job supports an additional 4 .5 U .S. jobs. Railroad business activities – and buying power – support an additional 1 .2 million jobs across the broader economy.https://www.up.com/.../pdf_up_sustain_2013.pdf•         Environmental – Union Pacific invests to create and deploy technologies and systems that reduce our environmental impact. They comply with all laws and regulations and strive to improve our performance in areas such as fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions. Their commitment to environmental sustainability is a key priority in everything they do.https://www.up.com/.../pdf_up_sustain_2013.pdf•         Geographic and Political/Legal/Governmental - Federal law and state laws prohibit or limit the Company from contributing to political candidates for elective offices.  Federal and foreign laws similarly may prohibit corporate contributions in foreign countries. No direct or indirect use of Company funds shall be made for any illegal political purpose, no matter how small the amount and regardless of whether the payment is thought necessary to promote a legitimate Company activity.www.up.com/investors/.../political_contributions.pResponse-75 wordIn response to the post; Union Pacific Corporation through its subsidiary, Union Pacific Railroad Company, operates railroads in the United States. Since the 19th century it has been running the rails. Union Pacific is one of the leading rail carriers in the nation. Operating about 68,000 freight cars and about 8,300 engines. The UP transports automobiles; chemicals; energy(fuel); and industrial, agricultural, and other bulks freight over a system of 32,000 miles in 23 states in the western two-thirds of the U.S. Union Pacfic owns more than 26,000 route miles of its rail network; leases and trackage rights, which allows it to use other railroads, tracks, account for the rest. Customers for UP includes auto makers General Motors and Toyola, along with retail outlet Lowes.Services that are offered by the company is freight transportation for agricultural products, which includes grains, commodites produced from grains, and food and beverage products, products for automobiles; such as, Finished vehicles and automotive parts; and chemicals consisting og industrial chemicals plastics cude oil,liquid petroleum gases, fertilizers, soda ash, sodium products, and phosphorus rock and sulfur products. ALso provided is transportationservices for coal and petroluem coke, industrial and construction products, minerals, consumer goods, metals, lumber, paper, and other miscellaneous products, minerals, consumers goods, metals, lumber, paper, and other miscellaneous products; and intermodal import and export containers and trailers. Its rail network includes 31,974 route miles linking the Pacific Coast and Gulf Coast ports with the Midwest and eastern United States gateways. Union Pacific Corporation was founded in 1862 and is headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska.Top Competitors:Burling Northern Santa Fe, LLC; CSX Corporation; Compagnie des Chemins de fer; Nation aux du Canadahttps://search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=union+pacific+corporation+demograpics&ei=UTF-8&hspart=mozilla&hsimp=yhs-001Response-75 wordFrom the e-Activity, analyze the industry you selected using the Five Forces of Competition Model to determine the impact of each of the five forces.The auto industry, in my opinion is certainly affected by the Five Forces of the Competition Model.  Depending on what country you look at, car manufacturers such as GM, Ford, Toyota, and VW dominate the Markets.  Each manufacturer fuels on one another's latest and greatest models that hit the assembly line.  Each have an impact (in their own way) on the auto industry.Threat of new entrants-  Ford for example came out with the Ford Raptor, something that competes with chevy z-z1, Toyota Tacoma.  This model that ford came out with really sets itself apart in the market.  It's a lot nicer, stronger, faster than those that may be considered by many consumers to be in its class.  Where as a truck like the Toyota Tacoma little bit less expensive, (and already having a reputation of reliability) puts other trucks to the test that are in the same pool.  Each manufacturer threatens the market with its own make and models.   Bargaining power of suppliers- "Increases prices and reducing the quality of their products are potential means suppliers use to exert power over firms competing within the industry" (HItt & Ireland, p.55).  Koons Toyota in Tysons Corner, VA is a perfect example of this.  They dominated Dealerships all the way up and down the East coast.  If one location is unable to provide a specific model, they can call up one of their suppliers and either get the desired vehicle or drop the cost on one that is closer for the buyer.  Tactics like this threaten the industry.Bargaining power of buyers- If certain dealerships know what turnover they're capable of given a specific makes and models, they have every chance to get a better deal on buying in large quantities.Threat of substitute products-  When dealerships bargain with consumers, they are often times trading in their previous vehicles that aren't of the same make.  Like any other dealer, that location will try to flip it immediately for a profit.  It may get sold by the dealer, however it wasn't one of the cars that dealer actually specialize in.  A sale like this can threaten a dealer.Rivalry among competing firms- Often times firms compete with each other.  This can be see when certain dealers insentivise the public to buy around holidays.  Depending on what your interested in, each seller will have their own deal that may be better or worse than the competition.The auto industry is an attractive industry.  Many executives analyze the positive and negative affects of the constant changing that is seen in this industry.  For example,  certain makes and models can come and go quickly thus creating a lower margin of profit on that particular product line.  Executives take these numbers (and others) to see what fits best for the market.Based on your analysis, determine if the industry is attractive or unattractiveResponse-75 word •From the e-Activity, analyze the industry you selected using the Five Forces of Competition Model to determine the impact of each of the five forces.•Based on your analysis, determine if the industry is attractive or unattractive. Explain your rationale.I chose the pharmaceutical industry to analyze how the Five Forces of Competition Model affects it.1.       Threats of entry posed by new or potential competitor (LOW)•         High entry barriers due to costs associated with research & development of new drugs Government regulation ( FDA)•         The threat of entry posed by new or potential competitor is a LOW competitive force due to the above entry barriers & regulatory constraints.2.       Degree of rivalry among existing firms (HIGH)•         High rivalry among main companies in the industry.•         The degree of rivalry among existing firms is a HIGH competitive force3.       Bargaining power of buyers (MEDIUM)•         Hospitals & other health care organizations buy in bulk quantities and exert pressure on pharmaceutical companies to keep prices in check•         Regular patients have lost bargaining power due to price increases in generic drugs•         The bargaining power of buyers is a MEDIUM competitive force.4.       Bargaining power of suppliers (LOW)•         Sales for the pharmaceutical industry concentrate in a handful of large players and that has decreased the bargaining power of suppliers.•         The bargaining power of suppliers is a LOW competitive force5.       Threat  of substitute products (HIGH)•         Demand for generic versus brand name drugs has increased because of the costs•         Generic drug companies do not have the high costs associated with the research & development of new drugs and that allows them to sell at cheaper prices•         The closeness of substitute products is a HIGH competitive forceThe Threats of entry posed by new or potential competitor and Bargaining power of suppliers would be consider low threats while the Degree of rivalry among existing firms and Threat of substitute products would be considered high with the Bargaining power of the buyers somewhere in the middle.  In my opinion this would make the pharmaceutical industry a fairly attractive industry with some risk.http://studentsviewonstrategicmgmExBus221Response-70 wordVirtual reality has been adopted by the military – this includes all three services (army, navy and air force) – where it is used for training purposes. This is particularly useful for training soldiers for combat situations or other dangerous settings where they have to learn how to react in an appropriate manner.(1)Education is another area which has adopted virtual reality for teaching and learning situations. The advantage of this is that it enables large groups of students to interact with each other as well as within a three dimensional environment.(1)Virtual reality engineering includes the use of 3D modeling tools and visualization techniques as part of the design process. This technology enables engineers to view their project in 3D and gain a greater understanding of how it works. Plus they can spot any flaws or potential risks before implementation.(1)Healthcare is one of the biggest adopters of virtual reality which encompasses surgery simulation, phobia treatment, robotic surgery and skills training.One of the advantages of this technology is that it allows healthcare professionals to learn new skills as well as refreshing existing ones in a safe environment. Plus it allows this without causing any danger to the patients.(1)Telecommunications can be used to help virtual reality systems such as surgery simulation or telemedicine. An example of this is remote surgery in which images from that surgery can be transmitted to various locations around the world. It also enables surgery to be performed in remote locations using robotic technology and virtual reality.Greenleaf Medical Systems, Redwood City, Calif., is marketing a product in the virtual reality area. Its DataGlove is being used at The Advanced Technology Center of Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, Calif., to measure tremors in patients with Parkinson's disease and for rehabilitation therapy. Greenleaf licensed the technology from VPL Research Inc., Redwood City, Calif.The patient with Parkinson's disease puts on the DataGlove, which has fiber optic cables along its surface. When the joints in the hand bend, the fibers bend, and sensors record the movement. The recordings are then digitized and forwarded to a computer, which calculates the angle at which each joint is bent. This can be done for 10 joints simultaneously.An image of a hand can move on the screen that represents the actual hand motion of the patient. Dr. David Warner and his colleagues analyze the data to study the effects of certain drugs on patients' motor performance.Warner and his colleagues also have patients wear the DataGlove for rehabilitation therapy; they pick up virtual objects and practice specific motions.Another application of the DataGlove at Loma Linda involves patient communications. Using the DataGlove and a gesture-to-speech system, patients who have suffered trauma injuries can communicate to hospital personnel by making gestures.The system was used to treat a patient who had come out of a coma with brainstem encephalitis. She could not open her eyes or make facial expressions. The DataGlove was put on her hand, and she was told to make specific gestures--move her index finger for yes, her pinky finger for no. Then she was asked questions such as, "Are you feeling any pain?" When she gestured, the computer emitted sounds that indicated that she was responding. This kind of situation, Warner stated in an article, could take place in every rehabilitation clinic.Loma Linda also has used Greenleaf Medical's GloveTalker software in intensive care for vocally impaired patients. The system, which speaks for the user, is an extension of Greenleaf's gesture control system. Patients wear the DataGlove and signal the computer with a set of gestures. This information is passed through to the computer's voice system that speaks for the patient.(2)1. http://www.vrs.org.uk/virtual-reality-applications/index.html2. http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/health_industry_today_Nov_92.htm  Response-70 wordVirtual reality (VR) creates an artificial 3D world completely generated by a computer to enable one or more users to move and react in a simulated environment (Stair & Reynolds, 2014).  VR comes in many forms, fro a simple heads-up display in a car to a complete virtual engineered building.  There are many applications for use and more are created everyday with new development of hardware and software.Application for use:Medical use is a huge areana for use of VR, doctors and nurses are using the technology to perform preoperative planning for brain surgeries, facial and body reconstruction, and within classrooms (Szekely & Satava, 1999).  These uses are allowing doctors to virtually test and certify new surgical techniques while teaching them to students without the use of cadavors or live persons, which greatly reduces cost and risk.Education and training uses include places students in virtual city's or battlefields to experience and learn the terrain and location, rather than just reading and imagining the history.  Medical students are performing virtual surgeries and procedures, engineering student are virtually designing and building skyscrapers, and the military is virtually replicating hot zones to place service members in real life situations. Entertainment is creating impressive movies and video games, almost placing the viewer or operator inside of the movie or game. Future developments with VR are limited only by current technology but I can only imagine were the world is headed in the next 50 years.References:Stair, M. R., & Reynolds, W. G. (2014).  Fundamentals of information systems (7th ed.).  Boston, MA:  Course Technology.Szekely, G., & Satava, R.M. (1999).  Virtual Reality in Medicine.  British Medical Journal, 319(7220).  Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1129082/Response-70 wordRadio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags that contain small chips with information about products or packages can be quickly scanned to perform inventory control or trace a package as technology once limited to tracking cattle, are tracking consumer products worldwide. Many manufacturers use the tags to track the location of each product they make from the time it's made until it's pulled off the shelf and tossed in a shopping cart.Outside the realm of retail merchandise, RFID tags are tracking vehicles, airline passengers, Alzheimer's it moves from supplier to a company to its consumers.(1)RFID tags, a patients and pets. Soon, they may even track your preference for chunky or creamy peanut butter. Some critics say RFID technology is becoming too much a part of our lives -- that is, if we're even aware of all the parts of our lives that it affects.(2)Imagine going to the grocery store, filling up your cart and walking right out the door. No longer will you have to wait as someone rings up each item in your cart one at a time. Instead, these RFID tags will communicate with an electronic reader that will detect every item in the cart and ring each up almost instantly. The reader will be connected to a large network that will send information on your products to the retailer and product manufacturers. Your bank will then be notified and the amount of the bill will be deducted from your account. No lines, no waiting.While the increasing adoption of RFID has driven the costs down lot, an RFID system can still be quite tricky to implement in a cost effective way. With this in mind, choosing the right technology for the application is vital to ensure an adequate ROI. In general the level of sophistication required to read passive tags calls for more expensive readers, while with active tags the cost of the reader is much lower. So, when "designing" your system one of the first things to take into account is how many tags you will need.(3)The ROI of RFID depends on your labor costs and the value of real-time data accuracy. If you don’t need real time data and labor is cheap, use passive RFID and handhelds. If labor is expensive and real time data is critical, invest in active RFID.(4)     1.Stair, Ralph Reynolds,George Fundamentals of Information Technology, 20112. http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/high-tech-gadgets/rfid.htm          3. http://www.wmrfid.org/index.php/what-is-rfid/the-costs.html4. http://www.amitracks.com/2013/10/simple-cost-analysis-for-rfid-options/Response-70 wordRadio Frequency Identification Detection (RFID)Radio Frequency Identification Detection are small tags attached to products that contain product information that can be used for point of sale, inventory tracking or security.  InnovationThis type of tracking system is being implemented in a variety of innovative ways . Ski resorts can detect lift tickets at turnstiles to reduce wait times. Manufactures can apply them during manufacturing process to track the product from their location all the way to fulfillment which improves supply chain management (Irani, Gunasekaran & Dwivedi 2010). Airlines can now use them to keep track of luggage.  Hospitals are using RFID to track blood products to reduce errors at blood banks (Gutierrrez 2013). RFID can even be used to track farm animals for food production.Lower CostLike most technologies, as the technology advances the costs tend to come down. We see this in the computer industry, energy industry and electronics industry to name a few.  More companies are turning to RFID technology as it becomes more cost effective.  For a large grocery store you can understand the cost for these small electronic devices will need to be added to the cost of the product. A large store may need tens of thousands of these devices for all the products.  This could be why we see this product more in high end retail outlets where burying the cost is easier. It makes it difficult for a grocery store to bury the cost into a can peas that may be worth only .50 cents.      Irani, Z., Gunasekaran, A., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2010). Radio frequency identification (RFID): research trends and framework. International Journal Of Production Research,48(9), 2485-2511. doi:10.1080/00207540903564900Gutierrez, A., Levitt, J., Reifert, D., Raife, T., Diol, B., Davis, R., & Veeramani, R. (2013). Tracking blood products in hospitals using radio frequency identification: Lessons from a pilot implementation. ISBT Science Series, 8(1), 65-69. doi:10.1111/voxs.12015Response-70 wordThe global movement of employees is essential to multinational organizations doing business in different countries. Getting the right people to the right places at the right time with proper support in a lawful manner is critical to the success of global businesses. According to (Hill, 2013) if employees are predisposed towards the organization norms and value systems by their personality type, the firm will be able to attain higher performance. In this discussion board scenario I would select Country A as my foreign assignment. The primary reason for my selection is that the country speaks English and the culture is similar to the United States. I think my family would easily adjust to an environment that is similar to their current environment. My wife also has a successful career as an accountant and it would be easier for her to continue her career in a country that understands her language. My kids are very active and doing well in school and I think they will continue to do well if they are able communicate and make new friends with English speaking kid as opposed to someone who don’t understand the English language. My family is the most important component in my decision to select country A as foreign country assignment. If country A did not speak English I would probably have to decline or possibly resign my position. Although country B has many perks that will probably elevate my career. I could not perform at my maximum level if I knew that my family was miserable. I have served in a foreign country that speaks very little English and their customs were totally different from mine. This was a culture shock for me and took some time for me to adjust. However, I was single with no kids to worry about. After reading the textbook (Hill, 2013) defined expatriates as citizens of one country who are working in another country. The textbook also stated that one of the primary reason for expatriate’s failures is the inability of spouse to adjust. Respectfully,Response-70 wordOnly certain types of people can live overseas in a different type of culture for extended periods… and if they have family the cost and chances of a work assignment overseas has a much higher failure rate.  So what is most important in selecting people for overseas assignments? The Ideal CandidateOne way to promote assignment success is to select the right person from the beginning. Certainly it helps if the employee’s professional background, skills, and potential align with the organization’s needs in the host location. However, this is hardly enough to ensure that when the going gets tough (and it very well might during an adjustment to a new country), the employee will be able to cope. Indeed, beyond narrow expertise in one’s area, there is a constellation of competencies organizations should look for in assignees.  Ability to Deal with AmbiguityPerhaps the most critical competency for an expatriate is the ability to deal with uncertainty – to be able to function when caught in the awkward space between “the way things were done” before and “the way things are done” in the new place. Even with the best intentions on the part of the employer, it is impossible to outline in advance all of the variables the employee will encounter, or to tell them exactly how to make sense of it all. Accordingly, the employee’s internal ability to deal with not having all the answers is essential.PatienceAnother essential attribute is patience, as preparing for and settling in after a move takes time. Touring housing options, waiting for household goods to arrive, enrolling children in a new school, getting Internet access, setting up banking, obtaining any necessary registration cards, and figuring out the rhythms of the new place, all while (possibly) learning a new language equals a recipe for major stress. Employees with deep wells of patience will have more to draw on; those without may quickly find themselves overtaxed.Observation SkillsEach office and city has its patterns, and those who observe carefully will be able to discern the best ways of getting things done. Do people wait at crosswalks? Interrupt each other when speaking? Dress in formal attire? Schedule haircuts in advance? Behave deferentially to those in authority? Wait in line to order coffee? There are so many aspects to life in the new location that even an expert cultural trainer would not be able to cover them all in one session. Therefore, it is important that assignees be able to not just see, but truly observe, interpret, and understand life around them in real time.Communication SkillsAnother capacity that makes a big difference is the ability to communicate. Even assignees who trust the process will encounter some bumps in the road, and if there is truly a problem with some aspect of the move, they need to be able to constructively share that information. Once the move is complete, communication becomes even more critical as expats can find themselves feeling “out of sight, out of mind” with home offices. Adept communication skills will make or break their success, as they must make their own needs known, understand the meaning behind what is said (and not said) in the new office, share information as appropriate with their home office, and engage in dialogue about what their next role should be after their assignment is complete.Emotional IntelligenceEmotional intelligence can be understood as the ability of assignees to deeply understand their own and others’ emotions and needs, and to deftly manage relationships accordingly. The better that employees can manage the process of dealing with their own transitions while integrating with their new teams, the more successful their international assignment will be. While “being a people person” means different things in different places, anyone selected for an international assignment needs to be a relationship-builder.ResourcefulnessLife throws surprises at all of us, and when things go wrong, successful assignees identify and implement their resources to rectify the situation. This may mean talking to the international mobility team or human resources, or even going next door and asking the neighbor for directions to the local doctor. Employees that are able to develop networks, harness their knowledge about the way things work, learn new ways of doing things, take risks, try new approaches, and demonstrate their own agency and responsibility will be more successful than those who wait around for someone else to guide them step by step.Openness to LearningInternational assignments are not just logistical transactions, but are drastic alterations in the very fabric of employees’ lives. Those who are open to discovering what the new host country has to offer will do much better than those who believe they already know everything (or should not have to learn anything new!). Employees who see the assignment as an opportunity to develop themselves personally and professionally will do the very best. After all, there is a very steep learning curve for those who leave their former position one day and arrive shortly thereafter in a totally new location with a new team, expectations, responsibilities, rules, ways of doing things, and sometimes a new language. Even the hardiest will get some bruises; those who frame the journey as an opportunity for growth will be able to keep it all in perspective.AdaptabilityAssignees must be willing and able to adapt to their new environment. This is a skill that can be encouraged through coaching or mentoring, and organizations can promote it with their internal processes and expectations, but it also comes from the employee’s own personality and attitude. Those who best demonstrate this capacity before the assignment are likely to adapt more quickly than those who tend to rigidly resist change.Mikehttp://www.bristolglobal.com/choosing-the-right-employee-for-an-international-assignment/Response-70 wordMost articles have supported the conventional theory that everything else can be made for less money in China. While some people still view the concept as a stereotype, it has been confirmed by many industries including one of the US based international companies GarGravesthat has branches both in the United States and China. In their latest advertisement published on the on The  Model Train Magazine, GarGraves claims of its high potentials of reducing their price of competition by more than 75%. The claims have also been confirmed by their products selling at a lower price when produced in China than in the United States (Kelly et al., 2015)First of all, the theory has been enhanced by abundant and cheap supply of labor in China that is not supported by the legislation of the United States. According to Amiti and Javorcik (2005), workers in China have developed a culture or working up to 15hours a day, reasonable wages of $1 per hour or less, affordable accommodation with an assumption that they are mostly concerned about money. Some of the US-based international manufacturers including GarGraves have felt the need to utilize a similar trend to produce in China so as to outdo their competitors back in the US (Amiti & Javorcik, 2005). Besides, China has advanced to a higher level with a bigger supply of experienced expatriates who are capable of offering competent service towards the development of rails where necessary. Therefore, GarGraves has embraced the need to utilize such technical skills to develop more sophisticated affordable rails at a lower cost. Moreover, the Chinese workforce is more parsimonious as compared to the rest of the GarGraves employees in the US with a lot of willingness to make extra production out of over an agreed payment while in the US, issues of over time are moderated as stipulated by the labor laws.            According to the China Transport Equipment Industry Association (CTEA), the Chinese industries have much more engaged in the innovation in the mid and high end transport equipments such as steel, a necessity for rail production (Wu, B & Xiong, 2012). Therefore, the scenario has led to the setting of prices in China creating privileges for foreign companies such as GarGraves. Such pricing strategy has led to the imbalance market share between companies manufacturing in China and the ones in the US. Therefore, manufacturer have been forced to maintain a stable balance harmonizing the cost price to remain in the market, a privilege that is enjoyed by GarGraves competitors back in the US (Li, LI, Wu, & Xiong, 2012).China is characterized by a lot of ease in doing business operation most especially for manufacturers and exporters who have got the best knowledge to meet the company requirements. Therefore, it creates a better supply chain management and a greater sense of economics.Consequently, foreign companies such as GarGraves invest very minimal cost with the expectation of high returns when their end products are exported to American and European nations (Li, LI, Wu, & Xiong, 2012). Ultimately, Chinese raw materials such as the ones used by GarGraves to produce rail equipments have become increasing cheaper compared to the complementary products from the mother company in the US. The lowering of prices has attributed to lowering the cost of production. On the other hand, China has employed several trade agreements with most international countries. The agreement reduces the trading cost for Chinese industrial products hence an opportunity to export at a lower price than goods that are produced locally in the US (Li, LI, Wu, & Xiong, 2012).ReferencesAmiti, M., & Javorcik, B. K. S. (2005). Trade costs and location of foreign firms in China. Washington, D.C: World Bank, Development Research Group, Trade Team.Kelly, L., et al. (2015). Advertising Media Planning: A Brand Management Approach. Routledge foundation.Li, H., Li, L., Wu, B., & Xiong, Y. (2012). The end of cheap Chinese labor. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 26(4), 57-74.Response-70 wordThe factors that contribute to China prices there are the actual costs of the materials used to manufacture the different products. Because of the high volume of materials and resins ordered by Chinese companies, the pricing would be as low as it could be (Li & Hsu, 2009).Secondly, Labor is abundant and cheap in China because even though 300,000 have risen into the middle class and above, this still leaves one billion people living at the poverty level. At any one time, there are an estimated hundred million workers who are unemployed and underemployed, which is about equal to the number of Americans employed in full time jobs.All employees in China have the right under law to join the ACFTU, which claims some 170 million members and is controlled by the Communist Party. ACFTU has a monopoly on trade unionizing in China and creation of competing unions is illegal (Li & Hsu, 2009). Party leaders have ensured that the ACFTU has a monopolist position. They don't want autonomous unions springing up, because of the potential threat to their authority. In 2008, collective bargaining became a requirement of the Labor Contract Law that went intoeffect, forcing most companies ,to create an ACFTU chaptered trade union within them (Li & Hsu, 2009). There are the costs of compliance to health and safety regulation and environmental regulations. These costs are less expensive in China than in the United States because the Chinese government imposes few health and safety or environmental regulations. China doesn't provide workman's compensation insurance for their workers so workers hurt on the job don't receive any compensation when they are injured to the point that they are disabled (Li & Hsu, 2009).Li, J., & Hsu, S. (2009). Informal finance in China: American and Chinese perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Bus215Q-180 wordManagers almost have to avoid being harsh or giving direct comands because millemials will walk out and find another job. The office is more psychological now.What are the benefits of coaching rather than bossing?Are there any negatives with this approach?Q-180 wordCOLLAPSETop of FormDo you think millennials have the upper hand as managers?  Millennials are sometimes seen as more of a selfish generation - do you think that means millennials are less effective managers and leaders?What kind of leadership style do you think millennials gravitate towards?  Directive, supportive, participative, or achievement-oriented leadership?Bottom of FormQ-180 wordCOLLAPSETop of FormDo you think millennials have the upper hand as managers?  Millennials are sometimes seen as more of a selfish generation - do you think that means millennials are less effective managers and leaders?What kind of leadership style do you think millennials gravitate towards?  Directive, supportive, participative, or achievement-oriented leadership?Bottom of Form
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  1. EricGuru
    Tutorial # 00057740 Posted By: EricGuru Posted on: 04/17/2015 11:47 PM
    Puchased By: 3
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    The solution of Discussion Assignment 3...
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    Solution-00057740.zip (120 KB)
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