Strayer PHIl210 final exam 2014

agreement.

argument.

evaluation.

hypothesis.

premise.

disputing

analyzing

explaining

justifying

manipulating

good measures for concepts such as humor or love.

never able to be replicated.

routinely invalidated by later investigations.

completely free of bias.

untested hypotheses.

using radiation to treat cancer

injecting a diabetic with insulin

transplanting genes in order to correct genetic disorders.

using massage, heat treatment, and exercise to treat a physical injury

hypnotizing a person in order to ensure that they are immune to a communicable disease

clue

debate

conclusion

reason

response

Your coworker announces that her cat was put to sleep over the weekend.

You have a group of friends over on a Friday night to enjoy an adult beverage.

Your boss tells you are fired from your job during an impromptu meeting.

A friend refers to himself as vertically challenged when describing his height in his online dating profile.

A politician states that she misspoke when asked about her conflicting statements on a particular issue.

emotive language

euphemism

weasel word

dysphemism

innuendo

Try to avoid ambiguity in your own arguments.

Try to use sarcasm to help illustrate your points.

Try to use vague terms to describe what you are thinking and feeling.

Try to use words that leave the context open for interpretation.

Try not to ask for clarification from other people during discussions.

connotative meaning

sarcastic meaning

syntactic meaning

denotative meaning

pragmatic meaning

Syllogism

Enthymeme

Premise that makes an amoral statement

Premise that makes a moral statement about a moral principle

Conclusion that demonstrates a moral statement

Question 12

Which theory is characterized by doing what is best for others instead of oneself?

Answer

Question 13

A top official of the government is presenting a case for the continued use of drone airplanes in military conflicts. The official states “Using drones during military surveillance missions is the right course of action because it saves soldiers’ lives.” What is the enthymeme in the official’s argument?

Answer

Question 14

What makes an argument an ethical argument?

Answer

Question 15

In order to pay for tuition for collegiate studies, a student chooses to sell illegal drugs to finance his education. He understands the implications of his actions, from the destruction of families for those addicted, to the breaking laws preventing the sales of controlled substances. Which theory is he using to justify his actions?

Answer

Waiting for the perfect solution

Having conflicting motives

Clearly defining the problem

Not making any decision due to fear

Taking hearsay as fact

Go with the first option that comes to you.

Look at the problem from different perspectives.

Immediately assess and discard every option that you think of.

Find reasons why proposed solutions won’t work.

Decide the problem is not important enough to solve.

What are the probable outcomes of this choice?

Would this option effectively solve the problem?

What are the short-term gains?

Is it a reliable choice?

Does it fit with your personal ethics?

Question 19

A good practice when making a decision involves:

Answer

20

Putting in the effort to adequately define the problem is:

Answer

Question 21

When debating solutions to problems related to climate change on a national level, which problem related to climate change has a prominent amount of conflicting political opinions?

Answer

inaccurately portrays a circumstance as having a limited number of possible outcomes, thus setting up an either-or situation.

raises an irrelevant side issue to distract the opponent or audience from what is really at stake.

suggests that one event is going to spark a chain of events leading up to an undesirable outcome, even when there is no logical reason to believe with certainty that the first event will cause that chain of events.

uses a comparison to support their argument, but the two things being compared are not similar enough for the comparison to be relevant.

sets up a vulnerable version of his or her opponent's position and then presents evidence to knock down the distorted position.

An education from reputable institutions in a relevant program.

A view in direct opposition to the vast majority of other experts in the subject.

A great deal of experience on the topic being evaluated.

Many professional accomplishments that are directly relevant.

A reputation among peers for being honest and objective.

discerning what arguments they're pitching

how they are responding to each other's arguments

if they are dressed in a professional manner

what evidence they are offering to support their positions

whether their credentials are in a relevant field

provide evidence; provides reasoning as well

make an assertion; makes an assertion that something is false.

make an assertion; makes an assertion that all experts agree with .

make an assertion; provides evidence and reasoning to support the assertion.

provide facts; gives opinions why something is true.