SAINT PSY330 MODULE 8 FINAL EXAM 2015 WITH 100 % CORRECT ANSWERS

When conducting a polygraph examination, relevant questions deal directly with the topic of investigation and are assumed to elicit a physiological response in guilty individuals.

True

False

Question 2. Question :

Integrity tests are used to assess autonomic changes associated with deception.

True

False

Question 3. Question :

The Galvanic Skin response (GSR) is

an autonomic measure associated with perspiration

a measure of lying

a socially desirable response set

results from a fMRI test

Question 4. Question :

A meta-analysis examining the effectiveness of detecting deception reported

overall accuracy was nearly 97%, significantly better than chance

overall accuracy was below 20%, significantly worse than chance

overall accuracy was 53% or no better than chance

results could not be compared due to insufficient sample size, poor methodology and discrepant effect sizes

Question 5. Question :

The textbook suggests that part of the difficulty in evaluating the effectiveness of detecting deception is

defining what constitutes a lie

generating rigorous hypotheses

sufficient sample size

all of the above were discussed in the text

Question 6. Question :

When conducting a polygraph interview,

the suspect should not be aware of the questions prior to the interview in order to prevent them from using counter-measures

the suspect is asked open ended questions increasing the opportunity for fabrication

the suspect is asked each question only once to prevent the use of counter-measures

none of the above are true of the polygraph technique

Question 7. Question :

Researchers have developed a facial coding system for detecting deception that has a hit rate better than chance alone.

True

False

Question 8. Question :

Investigative techniques such as profiling and polygraph testing are considered part of

forensic psychology

legal psychology

trial consultation

all of the above

Question 9. Question :

The NASH acronym refers to

the National Association for Scientific Hypnosis

a classification for the accuracy of polygraph readings

a classification for the manner of death

none of the above

Question 10. Question :

Approximately how many states prohibit the use of hypnotically-refreshed memories in court?

all 50 states prohibit the use of hypnotically-refreshed memories in court

no states prohibit the use of hypnotically-refreshed memories in court

nearly 2/3 of the states prohibit the use of hypnotically-refreshed memories in court

10 states prohibit the use of hypnotically-refreshed memories in court

Question 11. Question :

Integrity tests are used to assess

guilty knowledge about a crime scene

attitudes related to criminal behavior

personality traits such as conscientiousness and dependability

a moral work ethic

Question 12. Question :

One of the leading agencies in developing standards for training in conducting psychological autopsies is

The American Board of Forensic Psychology

The NASH committee

The Board of Forensic Examiners

The Department of Defense

Question 13. Question :

The act of a witness selecting an individual who most resembles the witness's recollection of the perpetrator is termed

unconscious transference

relative judgment process

confirmation bias

showup

Question 14. Question :

Psychologists can improve eyewitness identification procedures by assisting with

witness characteristics

event characteristics

system variables

estimator variables

Question 15. Question :

With regards to a chronological categorization of factors that can influence memory, which of the following is NOT a Postevent factor?

exposure to sketches

suggestions from others

retention interval

all of the above are postevent factors

Question 16. Question :

Testifying on the accuracy or inaccuracy of eyewitness testimony belongs to which branch of psychology?

forensic psychology

legal psychology

it is not part of psychology but rather part of law enforcement

both A and B are

Question 17. Question :

Which Supreme Court case ruled that a showup was deemed suggestive but not "unnecessarily" suggestive to be deemed inadmissible?

Neil v. Biggers (1972)

Stovall v. Denno (1967)

Wells v. Kentucky (1993)

Kansas v. Hickman (1970)

Question 18. Question :

Psychologist testifying as expert witnesses regarding the accuracy of eyewitness testimony have argued that

eyewitness testimony can frequently be very inaccurate

eyewitness testimony is typically accurate 95% of the time

various factors that can affect the accuracy of eyewitness testimony need to be considered

courts should use the per se exclusionary rule when considering the admission of eyewitness testimony as evidence

A and C are both

Question 19. Question :

With regard to using a lineup versus a photo array, research suggests

no difference on the effect of witnesses' recall between the two procedures

photo arrays are more subject to unconscious transference

a lineup is more subject to unconscious transference

lineup is more influenced by relative judgment process

Question 20. Question :

The textbook suggests that the future career prospects for criminal profilers

will increase dramatically as serial crimes continue to rise

will remain relatively low with very few opportunities

will gradually increase due to new training opportunities in graduate programs

will eventually be eliminated

Question 21. Question :

A showup can be thought of as a special kind of lineup in which

the suspect is brought to the witness's residence

the lineup is formed at the crime scene

only the relevant part of the suspect (i.e. head) is shown to the witness

only the suspect is in the lineup

none of the persons in the lineup are suspects

Question 22. Question :

The American Psychological Association has been reluctant to offer advice to the courts on social issues such as gun control or same -sex marriage.

True

False

Question 23. Question :

Recommendations for improving the accuracy of a lineup discussed in The Lineups White Paper include all of the following EXCEPT

person conducting the lineup should not be aware of which member of the lineup is the suspect

eyewitness should be told that the suspect may not be present in the lineup

eyewitness should be told that the person conducting the procedure does not know which person is the suspect

hypnosis should be used to confirm the accuracy once an identification has been made

Question 24. Question :

Future changes in forensic training are likely to include

standardization of training guidelines

possible future credentialing of forensic psychologists

increase in training opportunities

all of the above are cited in the text

Question 25. Question :

Many professionals in the field of forensic psychology suggest

that the field is saturated with few opportunities for new clinicians

that the professions has lost its professional identity due to the influx of so many new practitioners

that the field will continue to expand

that the field will eventually merge with legal studies

Question 26. Question :

The textbook suggests that one of the strongest forms of evidence against a defendant is

circumstantial evidence

lack of a consistent alibi

a failed polygraph

eyewitness testimony evidence

Question 27. Question :

Therapeutic jurisprudence places more emphasis on the ____________ of adjudication as opposed to the ___________.

individuals, system

process, outcome

psychological well-being, physical confinement

perception, reality

Question 28. Question :

A document submitted to the court as an attempt to sway the court's opinion on a case is called an

a guild brief

an advocacy brief

a science translation brief

a friend of the court brief

Question 29. Question :

Specialized courts such as restorative justice, drug court, and family court all appear to be unified by what movement?

therapeutic lawyering

forensic psychology

therapeutic jurisprudence

legal psychology

Question 30. Question :

All practicing psychologists, regardless of specialty, should be trained at the proficiency level in forensic psychology recommended at the Villanova Conference.

True

False

Question 31. Question :

An example of therapeutic jurisprudence is

a defendant working collaboratively with his lawyer to establish a plan for probation

a lawyer working in a supportive, empathic, warm and attentive manner when dealing with a client who is dying

the development of joint custody and divorce mediation

all of the above are examples

Question 32. Question :

Guidelines published by the American Psychological Association are statements regarding recommended professional behavior and are not mandatory.

True

False

Question 33. Question :

A letter to the court to influence public policy can take be of different types as presented in the text. These include

an advocacy brief

a professional guild brief

a science translation brief

A and C only

Question 34. Question :

For which areas of training in forensic psychology did the Villanova Conference make recommendations?

predoctoral internships

graduate didactic course work

post-doctoral training

all of the above

Question 35. Question :

Economically-driven experts enter the profession

to avoid the burden of paperwork associated with managed care

to compensate for diminished financial opportunities

because they are seeking alternative ways to generate income

all of the above are true

Question 36. Question :

Which model used by the courts for recovery of emotional damages suggests that an individual can be compensated for emotional injury if the plaintiff felt threatened with physical harm though absent of any physical contact?

Impact Rule

Physical Injury Rule

Bystander Proximity Rule

Full Recovery Rule

Zone of Danger Rule

Question 37. Question :

Which of the following suggests ways laws might be changed, administered or applied differently to enhance their therapeutic consequences?

therapeutic lawyering

therapeutic psychology

therapeutic jurisprudence

therapeutic law

Question 38. Question :

In a tort, the individual whom the claim is filed against is called the

defendant

plaintiff

prosecutor

suspect

Question 39. Question :

A personal injury lawsuit must demonstrate that the defendant was negligent.

True

False

Question 40. Question :

What would comprise information included in the forensic psychologist's personal injury examination?

historical records

prior mental health records

psychological test results

all of the above would be included

Question 41. Question :

Hedonic damages refers to compensation for

losing the love and companionship of a family member

injury that is secondarily caused by defendant

diminished earning capacity

diminished enjoyment in life

Question 42. Question :

Which of the following is NOT one of the five basic tasks associated with a forensic psychologist's assessment for personal injury?

determining baseline state of mental health functioning prior to the injury

the nature of psychological impairments

the nature of physical impairments, such as physical injuries

likely psychological cause of each impairment or injury

all of the above are associated with the forensic psychologist's assessment

Question 43. Question :

A parent witness their daughter injured on a roller coaster ride at a large amusement park. The daughter suffers a closed-head injury with subsequent brain damage. Internal memos from the park indicate that the danger of the roller coaster was know for at least three years prior to the accident though management refused to make the necessary, though expensive modifications. What types of damages may be awarded in such a case?

loss of consortium

future damages

exemplary damages

all of the above

A and C only

Question 44. Question :

Which demographic variable was NOT discussed in the text as possible basis for discrimination?

sex

race

age

religious affiliation

Question 45. Question :

Discovery is the process by which attorneys obtain all information that will be submitted as evidence before a trial begins.

True

False

Question 46. Question :

Michelle works at an auto supply store with a number of male and female co-workers. At times, both male and female co-workers will tell jokes with a sexual connotation and pass along indecent, though not obscene illustrations. Although none of her female co-workers seem to care and some even engage in the behavior, she argues that she does not have to tolerate this conduct and that she intends to sue for hostile environment sexual harassment, stating that her standard of decency is higher than her co-workers and needs to be respected. The Harris v. Forklift Systems (1993) ruling states

that the jury needs to consider if a 'reasonable woman' would find the environment offensive

that the jury needs to consider if the defendant finds the environment offensive

that the jury needs to consider if a 'reasonable person' would find the environment offensive

that the jury needs to consider if a 'reasonable man' would find the environment offensive

Question 47. Question :

A tort is a

legal claim in the form of a lawsuit

evidence that there has been a dereliction which has caused harm

a matter for criminal courts to prosecute

a and c

Question 48. Question :

Good faith immunity laws require that the forensic psychologist:

exercise "good faith" when testifying regarding the ultimate issue

follow guidelines established by the APA in conducting forensic evaluations

notify all parties of ethical limitations and their immunity from prosecution for cooperating

none of the above; immunity laws have not been adopted

Question 49. Question :

Over 60% of divorcing couples with children under the age of 18 require court-ordered parenting arrangements.

True

False

Question 50. Question :

When one parent has both legal and physical custody, it is termed:

legal custody

physical custody

divided custody

joint custody

sole custody

Question 51. Question :

The three broad categories of the Guidelines for Child Custody Evaluations in Divorce Proceedings are:

ethics, assessment instruments, and testimony

orienting, general, and procedural

legal, psychological, and public

intake, assessment, and reporting

Question 52. Question :

The Orienting Guidelines of the Guidelines for Child Custody Evaluations in Divorce Proceedings address

the psychologist's level of specialized competence

focus on parenting capacity

informed consent

all of the above

Question 53. Question :

Research on the rate of divorce over the past 40 years suggests that

divorce is on the decline with more families staying together

divorce has increased dramatically, nearly doubling since 1960

there are fewer divorces since many individuals are delaying marriage and staying single longer

despite popular media accounts, the rate of divorce has been steady since the early 1960's

Question 54. Question :

In regard to custody recommendations, most mental health workers would prefer to recommend

sole custody to the mother

sole custody to the higher income parent

joint custody

limited joint custody

Question 55. Question :

Custody in which both parents share legal authority but one parent is given exclusive physical authority refers to

joint custody

limited joint custody

split custody

divided custody

Question 56. Question :

Which of the following is NOT a system variable?

interviewing technique

instructions given during a lineup

nature of the lineup

use of a showup

all of the above are system variables

Question 57. Question :

Approximately what percentage of divorcing couples with children under 18 years old agree on custody arrangements?

10%

25%

55%

75%

Question 58. Question :

Which doctrine states that young children, particularly girls, should be placed with the mother?

Tender years doctrine

Unfit or ill-equipped parent doctrine

Best interests of the child standard

No doctrine stated that children should be placed with the mother

Question 59. Question :

Which organization developed the Guidelines for Child Custody Evaluations in Divorce Proceedings?

the American Bar Association

the American Association of Family and Divorce Lawyers

the American Psychological Association

the American Board of Forensic Examiners

Question 60. Question :

The research evidence to date as presented in the text indicates that the use of trial consultants

has a favorable outcome on the side using the consultant

can hurt a side using the consultant if the jury becomes aware of what is perceived as an "unfair advantage'

may or may not have an effect, no definitive research exists

usually helps the defense and hurts the prosecution

Question 61. Question :

A stealth juror is a jury member who secretly communicates with a trial consultant to provide feedback on courtroom strategy.

True

False

Question 62. Question :

The goal of a community survey in jury selection is to:

develop a offender description

test out trial strategies

identify characteristics associated with a favorable verdict

argue for a change of venue

Question 63. Question :

The majority of trial consultants have their background in:

law

either psychology or communication

law enforcement

sociology

Question 64. Question :

Voir dire refers to the process of an attorney requesting that a trail is moved to a different jurisdiction so as to insure a fair trial.

True

False

Question 65. Question :

Attorney West hires a trial consultant, Ms. Flemming, to assist with voir dire. Ms. Flemming will most likely conduct

a mock trial

a community survey

a videotape of witness testimony

a review of the media coverage

Question 66. Question :

Which of the following is NOT an example of an amicus brief?

an expert brief

an advocacy brief

a science-translation brief

all of the above are examples of an amicus brief

Question 67. Question :

Research suggests that in criminal cases significant pretrial publicity

can bias the jury against the defense

can bias the jury against the prosecution

frequently has little effect on potential jurors' opinions

almost always leads to an acquittal

Question 68. Question :

Empirical attempts to establish relationships between demographic characteristics, personality traits, and attitudes to verdict inclinations characterizes

traditional jury selection

empiricism

scientific jury selection

social psychological jury selection

Question 69. Question :

The major distinction between mediation and arbitration is

a mediator has more control over the final outcome

an arbitrator has more control over the final outcome

arbitrators can influence the process but not the decision

mediators can influence the decision but not the process

Question 70. Question :

The removal of a juror from the prospective panel for no avowed reason is referred to as:

voir dire

challenge for cause

peremptory challenge

no avowed reason challenge

S