Rasmussen DEP2004 2021 November Module 6 Final Exam Latest

DEP2004 Human Growth and Development

Module 6 Final Exam   

Question 1The negative outcome of Erikson's midlife stage, stagnation, focuses on __________.

role confusion

selflessness

self-indulgence

guilt and shame

Question 2__________ is the best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development.

Birth length

Combined Apgar score

Delivery date

Birth weight

Question 3In operant conditioning, a stimulus that increases the occurrence of a response is called a __________.

reinforcer

punishment

neutral stimulus

conditioned stimulus

Question 4If learning has occurred in classical conditioning, and the neutral stimulus by itself produces a response similar to the reflexive response, the neutral stimulus is then called a __________.

neutral response

conditioned stimulus

conditioned response

reinforcer

Question 5The more a mental ability depends on __________ intelligence, the earlier it starts to decline.

fluid

crystallized

emotional

cultural

Question 6In adulthood, __________ is associated with cognitive flexibility, creativity, advanced moral reasoning, and psychosocial maturity.

femininity

masculinity

androgyny

asexuality

Question 7According to Erikson, __________ occurs when aging adults feel they have made many wrong decisions, yet time is too short to find an alternate route to integrity.

mistrust

despair

stagnation

isolation

Question 8To study the impact of biological aging on motor skills, researchers focus on __________.

sedentary adults

competitive athletes

men in their mid- to late thirties

women in their childbearing years

Question 9The negative outcome of Erikson's midlife stage, stagnation, focuses on __________.

role confusion

selflessness

self-indulgence

guilt and shame

Question 10Adults often provide indirect feedback about grammar by using __________, which restructures inaccurate speech into correct form.

fast-mapping

an expansion

overregularization

a recast

Question 11Moral reasoning typically progresses to Kohlberg's higher stages the longer a person __________.

is alive

attend church

remains in school

is employed

Question 12Although Betty grew up in a rundown neighborhood, had divorced parents, and rarely saw her father, she is a successful, happy, and healthy adult. Betty's ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development is known as __________.

assimilation

resilience

age-graded development

multidimensional development

Question 13The __________ is the conscious, reflective part of our mental system.

sensory register

central executive

short-term memory store

automatic cognitive processor

Question 14At Kohlberg's Stage __________, individuals can imagine alternatives to their own social order, and they emphasize fair procedures for interpreting and changing the law.

3, the "good boy?good girl" orientation

4, the social-order-maintaining orientation

5, the social contract orientation

6, the universal ethical principle orientation

Question 15According to Jean Piaget, __________ is the balance between internal structures and information that children encounter in their everyday worlds.

imitation

adaptation

cognition

equilibrium

Question 16A combined Apgar score of __________ indicates that the infant is in good physical condition.

less than 3

3 or 4

5 or 6

7 or better

Question 17Carly, age 24, has a 22 percent increase over average body weight, based on her age, sex, and physical build. Carly is __________.

an obese adult

overweight, but not obese

probably suffering from a metabolic disorder

heavyset, but not overweight

Question 18Vygotsky's theory __________.

focuses on how basic motor skills contribute to socially transmitted higher cognitive processes

pays more attention than Piaget's to the development of basic cognitive processes

helps us understand the wide cultural variation in children's cognitive skills

addresses how elementary capacities spark changes in children's social experiences

Question 19Ivan Pavlov discovered __________.

observational learning

classical conditioning

the ego's positive contributions to development

the clinical method

Question 20When Reggie takes his baby son, Tyson, to his workplace for the first time, Reggie's assistant abruptly picks Tyson up and walks around the office. Tyson cries and reaches out for Reggie. Tyson is expressing __________.

sadness

stranger anxiety

separation anxiety

disgust

Question 21Typical parents give their sons toys that emphasize __________.

cooperation

nurturance

competition

physical attractiveness

Question 22Basic emotions __________.

appear in the middle of the second year

are universal in humans

are found only among humans

involve injury to our sense of self

Question 23Women who __________ tend to reach menopause earlier.

have had two or more children

do not smoke

have not borne children

have borne twins

Question 24According to Erikson, the major personality attainment of adolescence is __________.

trust

identity

autonomy

intimacy

Question 25__________ parenting in particular is linked to emerging adults' psychological well-being.

Overprotective

Permissive

Autonomy-supportive

Helicopter

Question 26The immune response is the combined work of specialized cells that neutralize or destroy __________ in the body.

T cells

B cells

telomeres

antigens

Question 27__________ increase(s) from early to middle adulthood.

Possible selves

Self-doubt

Destructiveness

Autonomy

Question 28In __________ coping, children appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty, and decide what to do about it.

problem-centered

emotion-centered

effort-centered

avoidant

Question 29Within the family life cycle, stress tends to be greatest __________.

in early adulthood

in middle age

in late adulthood

during transitions between phases

Question 30Jennifer, age 45, is a Girl Scout leader. She really enjoys giving to and guiding the next generation. According to Erikson, Jennifer has developed a sense of __________.

autonomy

intimacy

stagnation

generativity

Question 31The information-processing perspective __________.

examines separate aspects of thinking

fails to consider biological influences on cognitive development

applies only to children in cultures having formal schooling

focuses on overall cognitive change

Question 32__________ may heighten the effects of a high-fat diet.

Sex hormones

Over-the-counter medications

Free radicals

Low body weight

Question 33Today, Albert Bandura's theory stresses the importance of __________.

behavior modification

punishment

cognition

reinforcement

Question 34By age 2, children __________.

take turns in face-to-face interaction

can infer a speaker's indirectly expressed intention

adjust their speech to fit the age of their listeners

adjust their speech to fit the social status of their listeners

Question 35Depression __________.

declines with age

responds to treatment that is completely covered by Medicare

is rarely related to physical illness or pain

can lead to cognitive deterioration

Question 36Which of the following is a self-conscious emotion?

guilt

happiness

interest

fear

Question 37Erikson believed that successful resolution of intimacy versus isolation prepares the individual for the middle adulthood stage, which focuses on __________.

initiative

autonomy

generativity

industry

Question 38Which parenting style is predictive of high self-esteem in adolescence?

uninvolved

authoritarian

authoritative

permissive

Question 39__________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship.

Compassionate

Affectionate

Passionate

Companionate

Question 40The connection between more mature moral reasoning and action is __________.

nil

weak

modest

strong

Question 41Between 6 and 10 weeks, the parent's communication with the infant evokes __________.

the social smile

laughter

social referencing

secure attachment

Question 42Newborn babies respond with __________ to changes in body temperature.

fear

generalized distress

generalized happiness

surprise

Question 43As __________, length of life increases.

education decreases

income decreases

education and income increase

incidence of diseases increases

Question 44__________ disrupts the brain's regulation of hunger and metabolism.

Self-regulation

Frequent eating out

Reduced sleep

Using screen media

Question 45In egalitarian marriages, __________.

there is a clear division of roles

partners share power and authority

the husband is the head of the household

the wife is responsible for family economic well-being

Question 46__________ is the most consistent predictor of marital stability.

Religious similarity

Age at marriage

Acceptance of in-laws

Educational level

Question 47Striving for continuity is essential for attaining Erikson's sense of __________, which depends on preserving a sense of personal history.

intimacy

ego identity

ego integrity

initiative

Question 48Pregnant women are wise to avoid eating __________, which are heavily contaminated with __________.

long-lived predatory fish; mercury

freshwater fish; lead

long-lived predatory fish; lead

freshwater fish; radiation

Question 49The judgments that make up self-__________ are among the most important aspects of self-development because they affect our emotional experiences, future behavior, and long-term psychological adjustment.

awareness

esteem

control

talk

Question 50__________ is strongly associated with healthy eating in teenagers.

Vitamin supplementation

Number of hours of sleep

Dieting in adolescence

Frequency of family meals