POLI330 final exam 2018 (3 sets)

 

SET 1

 

 

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Politics could be referred to the “master science” because politics _____. (Points : 2)

       predates the other social sciences

       is more rigorous compared to other social sciences

       is more difficult to study than other social sciences

       relates to other social sciences

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Which are both true for most political scientists? (Points : 2)

       They think practically and seek accuracy

       They seek popularity and are skeptical of power

       They offer single causes and think abstractly

       They are skeptical of power and offer long-term consequences

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Rationality is based on which of the following? (Points : 2)

       Reason

       Myth

       Culture

       Biology

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) Which of the following best exemplifies sovereignty? (Points : 2)

       The United States negotiating a trade agreement with Canada

       The people of France acknowledging the authority of their president

       Israel asserting jurisdiction over the Gaza Strip

       President Obama having the support of the people who elected him

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) The notion that you respect the U.S. Congress, even though it is controlled by a party with which you do not agree, pertains to _____. (Points : 2)

       sovereignty

       authority

       legitimacy

       monarchy

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the best example of theory? (Points : 2)

       People join groups because of an innate desire to be with others who have similar views.

       Democratic governments last longer than non-Democratic governments.

       Republicans are older than Democrats.

       Corruption is rampant in government.

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) The term for measuring with numbers is _____. (Points : 2)

       quantifying

       hypothesis

       qualifying

       empirical

 

 

Question 8.8. (TCO 4) Unlike natural law, positive law uses _____. (Points : 2)

       the spirit of the law to make determinations

       books to reach conclusions

       judicial sentencing to determine case outcomes

       jury selection to manipulate judgment

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) Which of the following issues is a civil concern? (Points : 2)

       Extortion

       Theft

       Divorce

       Trafficking

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Which of the following is an important role of U.S. courts and their greatest contribution to governance? (Points : 2)

       Ensure that statutory laws do not violate the constitution

       Protect individual rights and liberties

       Guarantee administrative usages do not get out of hand

       Judicial review

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system? (Points : 2)

       The president and the Senate

       The Senate and the House

       The president and Speaker of the House

       The Senate and the Secretary of State

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) Which of the following was an argument against granting the U.S. Supreme Court the power of judicial review? (Points : 2)

       Many feared that such a power would give the court a double check and compromise its neutrality.

       Some thought that such power would create untrustworthy judges.

       The founders argued that judicial review would lead to undue indictments by the court.

       Drafters of the Constitution feared that few laws would ever be set in stone.

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Examine the ideal role of American judges. (Points : 2)

       Judges should intervene frequently, interpreting the law according to their expertise and ensuring a fair trial.

       Judges should act as umpires, passively watching the legal drama and ruling only on disputed points of procedure.

       Judges should not intervene unless attorneys object, at which point they may either overrule or sustain the objection.

       Judges should take an active role, questioning witnesses, eliciting evidence, and commenting on procedure.

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 4) The Supreme Court’s decision in _____ (1954) triggered a revolution in American race relations, an area Congress had been unwilling to touch. (Points : 2)

       Miranda v. Arizona

       Dred Scott v. Sandford

       Brown v. Board of Education

       Gibbons v. Ogden

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? (Points : 2)

       Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure.

       Power must be distributed by the working class.

       Power should be concentrated among the lower classes.

       Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad.

 

 

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to the U.S. _____. (Points : 2)

       administration

       Congress

       President

       legislature

 

 

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) Because of the separation of powers inherent in a presidential system, some scholars think that executive-legislative _____ is common in systems like that used in the United States. (Points : 2)

       cooperation

       stagnation

       deadlock

       insolvency

 

 

Question 18.18. (TCO 5) The head of ministry is equivalent to the _____ in the United States. (Points : 2)

       chief of government

       head of state

       departmental secretary

       premier

 

 

Page 2

 

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) When it comes to electing officials, which factor matters the most to voters in both presidential and parliamentary elections? (Points : 2)

       Party affiliation

       Political ideologies

       Money invested in campaign

       Personality

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) In the case of both parliamentary and presidential systems, examine the reason democracies will not vanish, even though the executive seems to be receiving more and more power. (Points : 2)

       Checks and balances keep the chief executive from gaining too much power.

       Chief executives will eventually have to face reelection, which depends greatly on the approval of voting citizens.

       Both systems have methods by which to oust chief executives.

       Subordinates carry out some of the workload of the chief executive.

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Describe how the United States expands its cabinet. (Points : 2)

       The president can create a new department at his or her will.

       Congress must agree on the new department and provisions for its funds must be made.

       In order for a new department to be developed, a former one must be deleted.

       New departments are no longer developed.

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____ to describe their critique of capitalism and the inequitable distribution of wealth among nations. (Points : 2)

       Marxism

       laissez-faire

       public choice

       Keynesian

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) Early 20th-century European governments subscribed to _____ doctrines, generally keeping their hands away from the economy. (Points : 2)

       classic liberal

       inflationary

       neoclassical

       Smithian

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) Between 1965 and 1973, the percentage of Americans living below the poverty line _____. (Points : 2)

       doubled

       greatly decreased

       slightly increased

       rapidly increased

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Which of the following is an increasing financial concern of the Medicare program? (Points : 2)

       The proportion of older people in American society is increasing steadily.

       Every American citizen on reaching 65 obtains Medicare, regardless of class.

       Economic inequality renders Medicare more necessary for some than for others.

       Wealthy Americans are taking advantage of the Medicare system.

 

 

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.” (Points : 2)

       democratic

       compassionate

       bureaucratic

       incoherent

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) How might Americans’ reluctance toward entitlement programs benefit them in the long run? (Points : 2)

       Citizens will pay lower taxes, stimulating the economy via “trickle-down” economics.

       Entitlement programs are complex and inefficient; our government will save time and money by proceeding with caution.

       Americans can justify raising the debt ceiling through entitlement programs, so long as they are wary of the choices they make.

       Government subsidies to businesses, rather than spending on welfare programs, will help the United States generate revenue and reduce overall spending.

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Investigate what historically happens to conservatives when firms are supposedly “too big to fail.” (Points : 2)

       Conservatives argue for expensive bail-out packages.

       Most conservatives suggest letting the free market run its course.

       Most argue against expensive stimulus packages.

       They switch parties.

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) Rarely the work of small bands and conspirators alone, _____ are usually the result of system collapse, which permits small but well-organized groups (often military) to take over. (Points : 2)

       the erosion of legitimacy

       acts of genocide

       dictatorships

       coups d’état

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) Riots triggered by police beating youths, protests against globalization, and labor strikes against austerity are all examples of _____. (Points : 2)

       purely traditional violence

       issue-oriented violence

       violence carried out by civilian institutions of government

       coups

 

 

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) What is likely to happen if the people are unhappy and there is no organization to focus their discontent? (Points : 2)

       They will almost surely turn to violence.

       Not much will happen.

       The people will organize themselves, regardless.

       They will eventually find other means of achieving contentedness.

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) What are the aims of terrorists via their calculated acts of terrorism? (Points : 2)

       To panic their enemies, to gain publicity and recruits, and to get the foe to overreact and drive more people to side with the terrorists

       To destroy as much of the economic strength of a nation as possible

       To kill national leaders

       To kill their enemies, to gain recruits, and to get the UN to overreact and cause more people to side with the terrorists

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) What is the crux of radical revolutionary thinking? (Points : 2)

       An economic plan to back up political ideas

       Belief that it is possible to remake society

       Belief that violence is the key to change

       A purely ideological motive

 

 

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) Does terrorism work? (Points : 2)

       Rarely, and seldom without political and/or economic pressure

       Rarely, but primarily when brought against democratic nations

       Often, and without much need for political pressure to aid it

       Often, but only with the assistance of economic and/or political pressure

 

 

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage? (Points : 2)

       The low level of education in developing nations

       The enormous economic mismanagement in industrialized nations

       The extreme violence utilized by industrialized nations against developing nations

       The massive corruption now found in developing lands

 

Page 3

Question 1. 1. (TCO 2) What types of states are most likely to become authoritarian? Why? Along the same lines, what authoritarian states have been most likely to democratize? Under what circumstances does this democratization occur and why? Based on previous findings, describe one country you think is likely to democratize in the near future. (Points : 40)

Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Compare and contrast interest groups and political parties. In your response, be sure to provide examples their similarities and differences. In addition, please assess what advantages interest groups offer that political parties don’t and then what advantages d political parties offer that interest groups don’t. (Points : 40)

      Spellchecker

 

Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) Socialism has evolved over the centuries from Karl Marx’s original purposed theories. The first change took place with Leninism, and now many liberal societies incorporate a mild form of socialism referred to as social democracy. Your analysis should include a comparison of these forms of government and explain how and why socialism split into these several varieties. (Points : 40)

      Spellchecker

Question 4. 4. (TCO 8) Today’s world seems to be moving beyond sovereignty and toward supranational leadership to cooperate on issues of global importance. What are some of these issues? How might they be solved through supranational cooperation? Does such cooperation impede the sovereignty of independent nations? Please sure to include specific examples in supporting your points. (Points : 40)

 

 

SET 2

 

 

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) _____ is the use of public office for private gain. (Points : 2)

       Sovereignty

       Corruption

       Authority

       Legitimacy

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Despite a disputed 2000 presidential election, once President George W. Bush took office, few people doubted his _____. (Points : 2)

       charisma

       control

       legitimacy

       sovereignty

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Relating concepts in a way that connects them in an empirical manner is the basis of _____ building. (Points : 2)

       scholarship

       theory

       power

       culture

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) _____ refers to something based on observable evidence. (Points : 2)

       Quantification

       Hypothesis

       Qualification

       Empirical

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 4) What type of law—which was developed by medieval Catholic theologians—argues that observing nature reveals God’s will? (Points : 2)

       Natural law

       Divine law

       God’s law

       Higher law

 

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 4) Under which of the following circumstances might a case be pursued as both a criminal and a civil case? (Points : 2)

       The federal government accuses investment houses of wrongdoing and investors who lost money sue them.

       Drug traffickers violate property and federal law by moving drugs across state borders.

       Burglars violate federal property and the state sues them for damages.

       A state accuses banks of mortgage fraud in mortgages sold to investors elsewhere in the nation.

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 4) The concept of judicial review falls under which article of the U.S. Constitution? (Points : 2)

       Article I: The Legislative Branch

       Article III: The Judicial Branch

       Article VI: Debts, Supremacy, Oaths

       Judicial review is not mentioned in the U.S. Constitution.

 

 

Question 8.8. Compare the election cycles of federal and state judges. (Points : 2)

       State judges are elected directly, and federal judges go through an electoral college.

       State judges are elected based on population, and federal judges are elected per state.

       State judges are elected, and federal judges are appointed.

       The election process is nearly identical.

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) How does the American concept of judicial review compare to the role of courts in foreign systems? (Points : 2)

       Most countries maintain a similar process of judicial review, which evaluates federal laws against the nation’s constitution.

       Judicial review is more highly developed in the United States than in any other country, and Americans expect more of their courts than do other peoples.

       The United States is the only developed nation to maintain the process of judicial review.

       Most foreign constitutions are exempt from judicial review, stripping the courts of any power they might have in shaping legislation.

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Describe the primary jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court. (Points : 2)

       It makes initial rulings on all federal cases, whether civil or criminal.

       It rules on high penalty cases, including those with life sentences and the death penalty.

       Its jurisdiction is almost entirely appellate, from lower federal or state supreme courts.

       Its jurisdiction is broad, ranging from appellate rulings to original rulings in federal crimes.

 

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) Compare the Warren Court to those immediately succeeding it. (Points : 2)

       The Warren Court was generally considered conservative, but subsequent courts were seen as more liberal.

       Subsequent courts were conservative, but not nearly as conservative as the Warren Court.

       Succeeding Courts failed to represent the conservative agenda of the Warren Court.

       While the Warren Court was rather progressive, subsequent courts were viewed as conservative.

 

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 5) Which systems demonstrate the clearest separation of power between the executive and legislative branches? (Points : 2)

       Parliamentary

       Presidential

       Monarchies

       Ministerial

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to the U.S. _____. (Points : 2)

       administration

       Congress

       President

       legislature

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 5) Because of the separation of powers inherent in a presidential system, some scholars think that executive-legislative _____ is common in systems like that used in the United States. (Points : 2)

       cooperation

       stagnation

       deadlock

       insolvency

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Each division of government in a parliamentary system is headed by a _____. (Points : 2)

       secretary

       president

       prime minister

       minister

 

 

Page 2

 

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) When it comes to electing officials, which factor matters the most to voters in both presidential and parliamentary elections? (Points : 2)

       Party affiliation

       Political ideologies

       Money invested in campaign

       Personality

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) In the case of both parliamentary and presidential systems, examine the reason democracies will not vanish, even though the executive seems to be receiving more and more power. (Points : 2)

       Checks and balances keep the chief executive from gaining too much power.

       Chief executives will eventually have to face reelection, which depends greatly on the approval of voting citizens.

       Both systems have methods by which to oust chief executives.

       Subordinates carry out some of the workload of the chief executive.

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Describe how the United States expands its cabinet. (Points : 2)

       The president can create a new department at his or her will.

       Congress must agree on the new department and provisions for its funds must be made.

       In order for a new department to be developed, a former one must be deleted.

       New departments are no longer developed.

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____,”which is a hard sell these days. (Points : 2)

       late capitalism

       Marxism

       pure market system

       utilitarianism

 

 

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) How do Keynesian economic policies differ from the traditional laissez-faire policies developed by Adam Smith? (Points : 2)

       Laissez-faire advocates for “cutthroat” capitalism, and Keynesian policies seek to spread wealth equally among a nation’s citizens.

       Keynesian economics advocate for increased government control of economics, and traditional laissez-faire argues for a hands-free approach.

       Smithian policies advocate for increased spending and stimuli for government-run businesses, and Keynesian economics argues for a hands-free approach.

       The more liberal Smithian economies distribute wealth more evenly among society, and Keynesian economics tends to distribute wealth among the top 1%.

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) Conservatives hold that Johnson’s Great Society was a waste of money, locking recipients into _____ and encouraging a subculture of drugs and crime. (Points : 2)

       entitlement benefits

       perpetual subsidies

       social safety nets

       welfare dependency

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Which of the following is an increasing financial concern of the Medicare program? (Points : 2)

       The proportion of older people in American society is increasing steadily.

       Every American citizen on reaching 65 obtains Medicare, regardless of class.

       Economic inequality renders Medicare more necessary for some than for others.

       Wealthy Americans are taking advantage of the Medicare system.

 

 

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.” (Points : 2)

       democratic

       compassionate

       bureaucratic

       incoherent

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) Compare American and Canadian views on the size of government. (Points : 2)

       Americans believe the government is too small, and Canadians feel that government intrudes on individual privacy.

       As citizens of similar nations located in North America, both Americans and Canadians feel that government is too large.

       Americans and Canadians generally agree that government should be larger, funding welfare programs such as Medicaid and food stamps.

       Many Americans believe government is too large, and Canadians recognize that government has a pivotal role to play and accept higher taxes.

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Many conservative economists argue that some banks are _____, because they would topple the rest of the economy with them. (Points : 2)

       inherently successful

       too big to fail

       destined for profit

       practically invincible

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) _____ is a small or moderate change that essentially leaves the system intact. (Points : 2)

       Mass discontent

       Reform

       Dramatic system change

       A coup d’etat

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) What is the relationship between a high sense of government legitimacy among the people and police officers when legitimacy is high? (Points : 2)

       Spending on policing is low.

       There are fewer police interfering in civilian life.

       Fewer police are needed.

       The police must use a particularly heavy hand.

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) What is likely to happen if the people are unhappy and there is no organization to focus their discontent? (Points : 2)

       They will almost surely turn to violence.

       Not much will happen.

       The people will organize themselves, regardless.

       They will eventually find other means of achieving contentedness.

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) What are the aims of terrorists via their calculated acts of terrorism? (Points : 2)

       To panic their enemies, to gain publicity and recruits, and to get the foe to overreact and drive more people to side with the terrorists

       To destroy as much of the economic strength of a nation as possible

       To kill national leaders

       To kill their enemies, to gain recruits, and to get the UN to overreact and cause more people to side with the terrorists

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) According to Hannah Arendt, the American struggle was indeed a revolution, perhaps history’s only complete revolution, _____. (Points : 2)

       because it alone ended with democratic institutions.

       because it became an example for other nations.

       because it managed to route what was then the great world power.

       because it alone ended with a new foundation of liberty instead of the tyranny that came after other revolutions.

 

 

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) Does terrorism work? (Points : 2)

       Rarely, and seldom without political and/or economic pressure

       Rarely, but primarily when brought against democratic nations

       Often, and without much need for political pressure to aid it

       Often, but only with the assistance of economic and/or political pressure

 

 

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage? (Points : 2)

       The low level of education in developing nations

       The enormous economic mismanagement in industrialized nations

       The extreme violence utilized by industrialized nations against developing nations

       The massive corruption now found in developing lands

 

 

Page:  1  2  3

Page 3

Question 1. 1. (TCO 2) Evaluate Aristotle’s six types of government. In doing so, please be sure to list and define the categorizations. Please then assess how these classifications can be useful today to someone analyzing current governmental structures. (Points: 40)

      Spellchecker

Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Explain the relationship between electoral systems and party systems. Answers should be sure to assess this question from the perspective of both proportional representation and single-member districts and provides examples to support your points. (Points: 40)

Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) Socialism has evolved over the centuries from Karl Marx’s original purposed theories. The first change took place with Leninism, and now many liberal societies incorporate a mild form of socialism referred to as social democracy. Your analysis should include a comparison of these forms of government and explain how and why socialism split into these several varieties. (Points: 40)

      Spellchecker

Question 4. 4. (TCO 8) The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established to bring justice to those committing crimes against humanity, war crimes, or genocide. It was established as an extension of the Rome Statute, and only has jurisdiction over countries that signed this treaty. At this time, the United States is not part of this agreement and thus does not fall under its jurisdiction. Construct an argument for joining such a treaty, detailing the benefits that international treaties may offer their members and which also addresses the possible public concerns over the loss of national sovereignty. (Points: 40)

 

SET 3

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Which best explains the differences between historians and political scientists? (Points : 2)

       Historians look for generalizations, and political scientists are reluctant to generalize.

       Historians are reluctant to generalize, and political scientists look for generalizations.

       Historians are more likely to look for comparisons than political scientists.

       Historians tend to focus on nature-based explanations, and political scientists focus on nurture-based explanations.

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) The notion that politicians think practically and political scientists think abstractly is indicative of which of the following? (Points : 2)

       Political scientists often train politicians.

       Politicians often train political scientists.

       Political scientists and politicians are different in that the former studies the latter.

       Political scientists and politicians are often indistinguishable.

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Rationality is based on which of the following? (Points : 2)

       Reason

       Myth

       Culture

       Biology

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) _____ is the use of public office for private gain. (Points : 2)

       Sovereignty

       Corruption

       Authority

       Legitimacy

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) The notion that we acknowledge the rightful roles of our leaders or our laws is known as _____. (Points : 2)

       sovereignty

       authority

       legitimacy

       monarchy

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the best example of theory? (Points : 2)

       People join groups because of an innate desire to be with others who have similar views.

       Democratic governments last longer than non-Democratic governments.

       Republicans are older than Democrats.

       Corruption is rampant in government.

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) _____ refers to something based on observable evidence. (Points : 2)

       Quantification

       Hypothesis

       Qualification

       Empirical

 

 

Question 8.8. (TCO 4) What type of law—which was developed by medieval Catholic theologians—argues that observing nature reveals God’s will? (Points : 2)

       Natural law

       Divine law

       God’s law

       Higher law

 

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) Under which of the following circumstances might a case be pursued as both a criminal and a civil case? (Points : 2)

       A state accuses banks of mortgage fraud, sold to investors elsewhere in the nation.

       Drug traffickers violate property and federal law by moving drugs across state borders.

       Burglars violate federal property and the state sues them for damages.

       The federal government accuses a food manufacture of unsafe food practices and consumers injured by their product sue them.

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Describe the significance of Marbury v. Madison. (Points : 2)

       The ruling laid precedent for judicial review.

       The ruling stated that the president is subject to the court’s decisions.

       The ruling decreed that current administrations must honor the appointments of previous administrations.

       The ruling claimed that federal taxes could not be levied on the states.

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system? (Points : 2)

       The president and the Senate

       The Senate and the House

       The president and Speaker of the House

       The Senate and the Secretary of State

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) When was judicial review granted to the Supreme Court within the United States? (Points : 2)

       It was granted during the Constitution Convention of 1787.

       It was granted in the Bill of Rights.

       It was the result of the Marbury v. Madison decision of 1803.

       It was never officially adopted but is an unofficial practice.

 

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Which of the following best articulates the stance of judicial restraint advocates? (Points : 2)

       Judicial review is the best and only true method of checking legislative power.

       The court should practice restraint in cases in which legislative acts are presented for interpretation.

       Only the executive branch can restrain the court, keeping the power of judicial review in balance with the other governing branches.

       Only Congress should make public policy and, unless a legislative act clearly violates the Constitution, the law should stand.

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 4) In Lombard v. Louisiana (1963), the Warren Court supported _____, ruling that blacks who had refused to leave a segregated lunch counter could not be prosecuted. (Points : 2)

       boycotts

       sit-ins

       picket lines

       protests

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? (Points : 2)

       Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure.

       Power must be distributed by the working class.

       Power should be concentrated among the lower classes.

       Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad.

 

 

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to the U.S. _____. (Points : 2)

       administration

       Congress

       President

       legislature

 

 

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) What is the effect of divided government, such as that used in the United States, on spending and policy formation? (Points : 2)

       It encourages unhealthy spending and foolish policies.

       It holds down spending and foolish policies.

       It encourages irresponsible spending because representatives are held accountable for only a short amount of time.

       It encourages responsible spending, but is slow to implement policy.

 

 

Question 18.18. (TCO 5) The head of ministry is equivalent to the _____ in the United States. (Points : 2)

       chief of government

       head of state

       departmental secretary

       premier

 

 

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) When it comes to electing officials, which factor matters the most to voters in both presidential and parliamentary elections? (Points : 2)

       Party affiliation

       Political ideologies

       Money invested in campaign

       Personality

 

 

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) Describe how the election process in a parliamentary system slightly resembles presidential elections in the United States. (Points : 2)

       Party chiefs run as candidates for prime minister.

       Citizens vote directly for the each new prime minister.

       Citizens vote for a party member with the knowledge that the next prime minister will be the head of the largest party.

       The prime minister is appointed for a 4-year term and can be reappointed one time.

 

 

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Explain which type of candidate parliamentary systems seek out to become ministers. (Points : 2)

       Those who have experience winning elections and serving on a parliamentary committee

       Newcomers who can bring in a fresh perspective to the ministry

       Individuals who possess a great knowledge of the specific ministry’s area

       Those who have political experience regardless of whether or not they have been elected in the past

 

 

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____ to describe their critique of capitalism and the inequitable distribution of wealth among nations. (Points : 2)

       Marxism

       laissez-faire

       public choice

       Keynesian

 

 

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) How do Keynesian economic policies differ from the traditional laissez-faire policies developed by Adam Smith? (Points : 2)

       Laissez-faire advocates for “cutthroat” capitalism, and Keynesian policies seek to spread wealth equally among a nation’s citizens.

       Keynesian economics advocate for increased government control of economics, and traditional laissez-faire argues for a hands-free approach.

       Smithian policies advocate for increased spending and stimuli for government-run businesses, and Keynesian economics argues for a hands-free approach.

       The more liberal Smithian economies distribute wealth more evenly among society, and Keynesian economics tends to distribute wealth among the top 1%.

 

 

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) What event is largely considered responsible for deterring Johnson’s War on Poverty? (Points : 2)

       Great Society

       Vietnam War

       Middle-class entitlements

       Tax expenditures

 

 

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Which of the following is an increasing financial concern of the Medicare program? (Points : 2)

       The proportion of older people in American society is increasing steadily.

       Every American citizen on reaching 65 obtains Medicare, regardless of class.

       Economic inequality renders Medicare more necessary for some than for others.

       Wealthy Americans are taking advantage of the Medicare system.

 

 

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.” (Points : 2)

       democratic

       compassionate

       bureaucratic

       incoherent

 

 

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) How might Americans’ reluctance toward entitlement programs benefit them in the long run? (Points : 2)

       Citizens will pay lower taxes, stimulating the economy via “trickle-down” economics.

       Entitlement programs are complex and inefficient; our government will save time and money by proceeding with caution.

       Americans can justify raising the debt ceiling through entitlement programs, so long as they are wary of the choices they make.

       Government subsidies to businesses, rather than spending on welfare programs, will help the United States generate revenue and reduce overall spending.

 

 

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Theoretically, what are the consequences if the government assumes the burden of bad loans? (Points : 2)

       Citizens will default on their mortgages.

       Banks will learn from their mistakes and pay back the burden with interest.

       Ultimately, the government will profit.

       Firms will be encouraged to continue their risky behavior.

 

 

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) _____ is a small or moderate change that essentially leaves the system intact. (Points : 2)

       Mass discontent

       Reform

       Dramatic system change

       A coup d’etat

 

 

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) Riots triggered by police beating youths, protests against globalization, and labor strikes against austerity are all examples of _____. (Points : 2)

       purely traditional violence

       issue-oriented violence

       violence carried out by civilian institutions of government

       coups

 

 

 

 

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) What is likely to happen if the people are unhappy and there is no organization to focus their discontent? (Points : 2)

       They will almost surely turn to violence.

       Not much will happen.

       The people will organize themselves, regardless.

       They will eventually find other means of achieving contentedness.

 

 

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) Some states engage in _____, despite officially denouncing terrorism. (Points : 2)

       sharing intelligence with nongovernmental militias

       “state-sponsored terrorism”

       targeting specific groups for violence

       democracy

 

 

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) Which of the following options best describes countries before and after revolutions? (Points : 2)

       Before, revolutionary movements are still idealistic and convinced they will bring a better society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers it’s not difficult to make an economy work.

       Before, revolutionary movements are still idealistic and convinced they will bring a better society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers it’s a lot harder to make an economy work than it thought.

       Before, revolutionary movements believe that a truly committed regime can redo society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers its ideological ideals are impractical.

       Before, revolutionary movements bomb and assassinate in an effort to overthrow corrupt governments; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime almost always finds itself being bombed and in the sights of assassins.

 

 

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) Does terrorism work? (Points : 2)

       Rarely, and seldom without political and/or economic pressure

       Rarely, but primarily when brought against democratic nations

       Often, and without much need for political pressure to aid it

       Often, but only with the assistance of economic and/or political pressure

 

 

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage? (Points : 2)

       The low level of education in developing nations

       The enormous economic mismanagement in industrialized nations

       The extreme violence utilized by industrialized nations against developing nations

       The massive corruption now found in developing lands

Page 3

Question 1. 1. (TCO 2) What types of states are most likely to become authoritarian? Why? Along the same lines, what authoritarian states have been most likely to democratize? Under what circumstances does this democratization occur and why? Based on previous findings, describe one country you think is likely to democratize in the near future. (Points : 40)

 

Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Explain the relationship between electoral systems and party systems. Answers should be sure to assess this question from the perspective of both proportional representation and single-member districts and provide examples to support your points. (Points : 40)

 

Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) Since the end of WWII, international relations have been framed by the conflict between liberal governments and communist ideals. Compare and contrast the features of these systems and assess their continued impact on the global community. Please be certain to explain classical and modern liberalism, socialism, and communism within your responses and provide examples to support your points. (Points : 40)

4. (TCO 8) Today’s world seems to be moving beyond sovereignty and toward supranational leadership to cooperate on issues of global importance. What are some of these issues? How might they be solved through supranational cooperation? Does such cooperation impede the sovereignty of independent nations? Please sure to include specific examples in supporting your points. (Points : 40)