nurs6630 week 11 final exam latest 2021 may with feedback all 50 answers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

L. J. is a 55-year-old male who attended a funeral and found himself laughing during the service, but later that evening he was irritated with himself for what he had done. His wife said this was abnormal behavior and took him to his doctor to be evaluated. After L. J.’s MRI

 

was reviewed, he was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia. Which medication is recommended to help L. J. with his emotional outbursts?

 

When can buprenorphine be initiated in a patient who is suffering from an opioid overdose?

 

Of the following neurotransmitters, which one(s) are known to be severely disrupted in the

disease Dementia with Lewy Bodies?

 

I.            Acetylcholine

II.           Glutamate

III.          Dopamine

IV.          GABA

V.           Norepinephrine

 

Choose the correct statement regarding medications used for alcoholism

 

 

 

Patient is a 75-year-old female with a confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. She is

currently on Donepezil 10 mg daily. She is accompanied to your clinic today by her daughter, who informs you that her mother has recently had an increase in depressive symptoms. She has no history of mood disorders. She has a history of hypertension and tonic-clonic seizures, but both are controlled. Assuming this patient will be thoroughly evaluated for the diagnosis of depression, what would you recommend as initial therapy?

 

Which neurotransmitters are likely involved in the pathophysiology of withdrawal seizures?

 

I.            Serotonin

II.           Endorphins

III.          Glutamate

IV.          GABA

V.           Dopamine

 

 

A B vitamin thiamine

. 100 mg

B Haloperidol 5 mg

.

C Lorazepam 2 mg

.

D Acamprosate 666 mg

 

.

T. C. is an 88-year-old male who is diagnosed at your clinic with Dementia with Lewy Bodies. He currently has some debilitating gait issues, which makes his quality of life very poor. His memory is still intact with minor deficits. Which medication would likely benefit T. C. as his initial therapy?

 

In the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s Disease, there are certain proteins that lead to the

plaques and tangles that result in this progressive, irreversible brain disorder. Choose the appropriate protein with its corresponding pathology.

 

I.            Tau – tangles

II.           Beta-amyloid – tangles

III.          Tau – plaques

IV.          Beta-amyloid – plaques

 

T. K. is a 72-year-old female who has suffered many strokes in the past, likely due to

uncontrolled hypertension and hyperlipidemia. She has now been diagnosed with vascular dementia due to memory loss and motor system slowing. What is the recommended treatment for T. K.?

 

Which of the following alcohol screening tools lack sensitivity to detect hazardous/problem

drinking?

 

 

Which enzyme does disulfiram inhibit leading to a build-up of the ethanol metabolite

acetaldehyde?

 

 

•            Question 13 of 51

Question 13

Which of the following drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease requires administration with food?

 

A Memantin

. e

B Donepezil

.

C Rivastigmi

. ne

D Galantami

. ne

 

A I and II

.

B II and

. IV

C III only

.

D IV only

.

Choose the correct statement regarding an anti-ADHD medication and its respectful mechanism of action

 

Of the following neurotransmitters, which ones play a critical role in modulating attention in

ADHD?

 

I.            Dopamine

II.           Epinephrine

III.          GABA

IV.          Norepinephrine

V.           Glutamate

 

Which medication below would you use in addition to benzodiazepine treatment if the

patient is experiencing psychosis during alcohol withdrawal delirium?

 

 

 

What is the difference between Ritalin and Focalin?

 

 

A Ritalin 10 mg twice daily

.

B Focalin 10 mg twice daily

.

C Daytrana 30 mg patch worn for 12

. hours daily

D Atomoxetine 60 mg once daily

.

Select the correct description of a somatoform disorder.

 

FILL IN THE BLANK:         is the main neurotransmitter behind reward systems in the

brain, which usually leads to addiction when altered in any way.

 

 

Of the following medications, which one is contraindicated with stimulants such as Ritalin or

Adderall?

 

A new patient presents to your clinic today. The patient is a 13-year-old boy who complains

that he has no interest in anything. The patient states, “I just want to sleep more than I normally do, and I don’t care much for playing my video games anymore.” His mother states he cannot focus on anything for more than a few minutes at a time, and that he often gets in trouble at school because he cannot sit still. What would you recommend at this time?

 

The experience of pain is ALWAYS subjective

 

E. B., a 55-year-old female, is a patient at your clinic today who has a past medical history

significant for breast cancer, hypertension, hepatic cirrhosis, type 2 diabetes, and a recent diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. She has no known drug allergies. She states she is ready to quit drinking but fears the cravings that it may bring. Which medication would you recommend for E. B. to begin?

 

 

Which of the following drugs is structurally similar to tramadol; thus, its opioid-mediated

analgesia can be reversed by naloxone in mice?

 

Which of the following psychiatric conditions is present in both domains (i.e., core

psychopathology & pain-related psychological symptoms) of chronic pain that will likely lead to an outcome of disability, pain, and poor quality of life?

 

Disorientation, tremor, hyperactivity, fever, hallucinations, marked wakefulness, and

increased autonomic tone are all features that are consistent with which part of alcohol withdrawal?

 

 

              . delirium

Which features are consistent with delirium?

 

I.            Acute onset

II.           Gradual onset

III.          Course of disease fluctuates

IV.          Course of diseases does not fluctuate

V.           Impaired attention

VI.          Normal attention

 

 

Of the axons involved in the transmission of pain, which one is thinly myelinated and conducts that first feeling of pain that is often felt as coming on as a sharp, rapid feeling?

 

Patient is a 10-year-old female with diagnosed ADHD who was started on Ritalin 5 mg twice

a day over 2 months ago. She is still experiencing the triad of symptoms associated with ADHD (impaired attention, impulsivity, and excessive motor activity). Her mother reports that she is now having difficulty in falling asleep since starting the medication. She has been on no other anti-ADHD medications and the mother reports full compliance with medication regimen. What is the appropriate recommendation to make based on this scenario?

 

 

              . psychotherapy

What baseline levels should you perform before initiating an anti-ADHD medication?

 

This medication cannot be used for more than 5 days, it is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory

drug, and it is often substituted for morphine due to its rapid onset and high potency. What is this medication?

 

Which medication(s) requires a test dose to determine accurate use of the drug (i.e., how

addicted the patient truly is on a certain drug) before beginning a titration schedule to withdrawal the patient?

 

I.            Butalbital

II.           Lorazepam

III.          Hydrocodone

 

Which of the following drugs is often used in the management of opioid addiction due to its

ceiling effect?

 

 

 

hich club drug is structurally similar to GABA?

 

Select all the criteria for what is considered “At-Risk Drinking.”

 

I.            Women: > 7 drinks in any given week

II.           Men: > 4 drinks per day

III.          Women: > 4 drinks per day

IV.          Men: > 14 drinks per week

 

Drug addiction includes many prescription medications and illegal substances. Of the drugs

listed, which ones can be withdrawn abruptly WITHOUT medical intervention to prevent withdraw seizures?

 

Y. R. is a 35-year-old woman who presents to your clinic today complaining of ankle pain. She

said she was running the trail when she saw a snake. During a quick turn to run away from

 

the snake, she twisted her ankle. Which of the following medications may be a good choice in helping Y. R. with her pain?

 

What should our treatment goal be with our patients when it comes to managing chronic

pain?

 

There are many different types of dementia. Which dementia is NOT a direct result of

disrupted neurotransmitters, but a result of degeneration of different regions in the brain? Onset of the disease is typically before the age of 60, and very rare after the age of 75.

 

A 59-year-old male has been admitted to the E. D. due to a methamphetamine overdose.

The patient’s friend reported he ingested up to 2 grams because “he thought cops were coming to get him.” The patient’s vitals are all within normal limits, except his blood pressure is 180/110. What is the best recommendation to make at this time?

 

 

 

Benzodiazepines can be withdrawn abruptly despite duration of therapy/abuse.

 

Select the correct treatment regarding drugs involved in addiction management and their

corresponding mechanism of action.

 

Daytrana is the MPH transdermal system of methylphenidate approved for the treatment of

ADHD in children aged 6 years and older. What is the difference in terms of the metabolism compared to the other formulations in this class?

 

T. B. is a 55-year-old male who has diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 10+ years ago. He has

since had complications from the disease and is suffering from severe neuropathy. On top of that, T. B. is struggling with his mental health and was recently told he could be depressed but he had refused treatment at that time. Besides getting his blood sugar under control, what medication(s) can we use that may be useful in helping T. B.?

 

I.            Nortriptyline

II.           Venlafaxine

 

III.          Duloxetine

IV.          Fluoxetine

 

 

Disulfiram has been proven effective in the treatment of alcoholism, but recently it has been trialed in the management of cocaine addiction. What is the mechanism of action that likely helps produce these aversive effects?

 

SSRIs can be used in alcohol use disorder and offer modest drinking reduction through an

anti-craving effect.

 

Which of the following drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease helps normalize

glutamate by antagonizing the NMDA receptor?