nurs6501 week 11 final exam 2022 all 100 answers score is 94

Question 45

What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?

 

              Down syndrome                    

 

              Wilms tumor                          

 

              Retinoblastoma                      

 

              Neuroblastoma

uestion 46

A man reports to the healthcare professional that he had a sudden onset of malaise, low back pain, and perineal pain with high fever and chills, dysuria, nocturia, and urinary retention. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

 

              Assess the man's recent sexual history.

 

              Recommend heat and acetaminophen for back pain.

 

              Prepare the man for prostatic massage.

 

              Assist the man in obtaining a urine sample.

Question 47

A child has scoliosis with a 40-degree curvature of the spine, and the parent is worried about pulmonary involvement. What statement by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

 

              Scoliosis is a bone disorder and does not affect the lungs.           

 

              Yes, we should obtain pulmonary function studies soon.

 

              Scoliosis severe enough to involve the lungs would be fatal.       

 

              The lungs aren't affected until the curvature is over 80 degrees. 1          

Question 48

A patient is in status epilepticus. In addition to giving medication to stop the seizures, what would the healthcare professional place highest priority on?

 

              Facilitating a CT scan of the head               

 

              Providing oxygen                  

 

              Assessing for brain death      

 

              Assessing for drug overdose 

Question 49

Which statement by the healthcare professional accurately describes childhood asthma?

 

              An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation                             

 

              A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and diffuse densities on chest x-ray imaging              

 

              A pulmonary disorder involving an abnormal expression of a protein, producing viscous mucus that lines the airways, pancreas, sweat ducts, and vas deferens                

 

              An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency                 

Question 50

A child has cystic fibrosis (CF). Which medication does the healthcare professional teach the parents about?

 

              Salt tablets                             

 

              Pancreatic enzymes               

 

              Antihypertensives                  

 

              Antibiotics                             

Question 52

This region of the brain is responsible for sensory, touch, spatial awareness, and navigation.

 

              Occipital

 

              Frontal

 

              Temporal

 

              Parietal

uestion 53

The myelin in the brain and spinal cords are formed by:

 

              Neurons

 

              Neurons and astrocytes

 

              Astrocytes and microglia

 

              Oligodendrocytes

Question 54

A healthcare professional is reviewing a patient's laboratory results and sees that the patient has a low reticulocyte count and a high iron level. Which type of anemia does the professional associate these findings with?

 

              Folate deficiency anemia        

 

              Iron deficiency anemia          

 

              Hemolytic anemia                  

 

              Anemia of chronic disease    

Question 55

A woman attempting to conceive tells the healthcare professional that she and her partner have intercourse when her basal body temperature (BBT) is around 37?C (98?F) without getting pregnant. What information does the professional give the woman?

 

              Maybe you need a fertility workup.

 

              That's a normal temperature, but during ovulation BBT decreases.

 

              Temperature alone is not the most accurate way to predict ovulation.

 

              BBT rises consistently above 37.8"1eC (100"1eF) with ovulation.

Question 56

A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the parents want to know how this occurred. Which statement by the healthcare professional is most accurate?

 

              X-linked recessive inheritance

 

              Common SMN1 gene abnormality              

 

              Autosomal dominant inheritance                

 

              Inheritance is not well defined                   

Question 57

What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle?

 

              Gradual decrease in estrogen levels            

 

              Sudden increase of LH         

 

              Sharp rise in progesterone levels                 

 

              Gradual increase in estrogen levels             

Question 58

Obsessive compulsive disorder is characterized by what types of thoughts and behaviors?

 

              disorganized irrational thoughts and disorganized behavior

 

              constant  irrational thoughts and constant behavior

 

              repetitive irrational thoughts and ritualized behavior

 

              repetitive irrational thoughts and disorganized behavior

Question 59

A student asks the professor to explain the jaundice that accompanies hemolytic anemia. Which statement is by the professor is most accurate?

 

              Erythrocytes are destroyed in the spleen.

 

              Heme destruction exceeds the liver's ability to conjugate and excrete bilirubin.

 

              The patient has elevations in aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT).

 

              The erythrocytes are coated with an immunoglobulin.

Question 60

A person has been diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea and wants to know why ibuprofen is a good choice for pain control. What response by the health care professional is best?

 

              It inhibits the release of leukotrienes in your system.       

 

              It reduces the production of prostaglandins in your body.

 

              It enhances the effects of bradykinin release.                   

 

              It contributes to a higher C reactive protein in your blood.           

Question 61

A patient has ankylosing spondylitis. Which description of this condition by the health care professional is most accurate?

 

              Chronic inflammatory disease with stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joint

 

              Chronic systemic inflammatory disease that affects many tissues and organs     

 

              State of abnormal and excessive bone resorption and formation 

 

              Wide-spread and deep chronic muscle pain, fatigue, and tender points  

Question 62

Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?

 

              IgM   

 

              IgG   

 

              IgE    

 

              IgA

uestion 63

What is the consequence of a splenectomy?

 

              The level of iron in circulation increases.

 

              Antibody production increases to improve immune function.

 

              The number of defective cells in circulation increases.

 

              The number of clotting factors increases.

uestion 64

52-year-old female presents to the clinic with dysuria, urgency and frequency. She reports symptoms have been present for the past week. She also has nausea, vomiting, flank pain and an elevated temperature of 100.7. Patient has a history of Diabetes Mellitus and Overactive Bladder. She reports intermittent gross hematuria for the past week. Further evaluation by urinalysis with micro, identifies microhematuria, with greater than 100 RBC/HPF present. What are the likely differential diagnoses to consider?

 

              Urinary calculi

 

              Atrophic Vaginitis

 

              Pyelonephritis

 

              Urinary Tract Infection

Question 65

A patient is in the Emergency Department with heat stroke. What finding does the healthcare provider associate with this condition?

 

              Core temperatures usually reaching approximately 39.5"1eC (103.1"1eF)

 

              Absence of sweating despite a high core temperature      

 

              A rapidly decreasing core temperature as heat loss from the evaporation of sweat ceases

 

              Symptoms caused by the loss of sodium and prolonged sweating          

Question 66

A 9-year-old child has a blood pressure of 112/72 mmHg in the school nurse's office. What action by the school nurse is most appropriate?

 

              Inform the parents the child might be dehydrated.

 

              Note the normal finding in the child's records.

 

              Calculate the child's Body Mass Index.

 

              Refer the child for medication.

Question 67

The healthcare professor states that a patient has reached pain tolerance. What further information from the professor is most accurate?

 

              The patient cannot endure a higher level of pain intensity at this point.  

 

              The patient's pain tolerance is much lower because of consuming too much alcohol.      

 

              The patient's pain in one place is higher because pain in multiple other sites.      

 

              The patient now recognizes what is being felt is actually pain.    

Question 68

A professor explains to a class that the reason lymph nodes enlarge and become tender during infection is because of what reason?

 

              B lymphocytes proliferate.

 

              The nodes are inflamed.

 

              The nodes fill with purulent exudate.

 

              The nodes are not properly functioning.

Question 69

In order to help prevent a preadolescent girl from developing later cervical cancer, which virus does the healthcare professional recommend vaccination against to the parent?

 

              Human papillomavirus (HPV)

 

              Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)      

 

              Herpes simplex II virus (HSV)                    

 

              Cytomegalovirus (CMV)      

Question 70

A healthcare professional is trying to lower a patient's body temperature by convection. What action by the professional will accomplish this?

 

              Lower the temperature in the patient's room.

 

              Place the patient in a cooling blanket.

 

              Obtain a fan and set it to blow over the patient.

 

              Place cold moist towels over the patient.

Question 71

A healthcare professional is teaching a community group about inherited disorders. What pattern of inheritance does the professional describe for sickle cell disease?

 

              Inherited X-linked recessive disorder         

 

              Inherited autosomal recessive disorder       

 

              Disorder initiated by hypoxemia and acidosis                  

 

              Disorder that is diagnosed equally in men and women    

Question 72

Mr. Smith, 58 years old, presents to the urology office with complaints of gross hematuria which have been present for five days. He also expresses difficulty with urination and episodes of dysuria. He is experiencing flank pain, which radiates into the abdomen and groin. Mr. Smith has had nausea and vomiting. He does not drink many fluids, but when he does his fluid intake usually caffeinated beverages. The NP knows that:

 

              The lumen of the prostatic urethra narrows and lengthens, resulting in progressive urine flow obstruction. This process occurs when there is growth of the glandular-epithelial and stromal/muscle tissue of the prostate.

 

              Acute pain can result from renal colic, which occurs when the smooth muscle of the ureter contracts to move a kidney stone.

 

              Renal tubule dysfunction and atrophy can result from renal tissue fibrosis, which includes transforming growth factor and angiotensin II in the process.

Question 73

Which nerve control might likely be affected in a patient that has incontinence of the bowel and bladder?

 

              L2-L5, S1-S5 and the coccygeal nerves

 

              T10-T11, T11 L1-L2, and the coccygeal nerves

 

              L2-4 and L4-L5

 

              T10-T11 and the cauda equina

Question 74

A man has balanitis. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

 

              Educate the man on the side effects of chemotherapy.

 

              Perform a finger stick for a blood glucose reading.

 

              Administer pain medication before retracting the foreskin.

 

              Prepare the man for a needle aspiration of the corpus.

Which statement is likely true regarding children being treated for cancer with radiation therapy?

 

              They will most likely have a successful remission of tumor growth.

 

              They seldom require follow-up maintenance treatments.

 

              They are prone to experience severe developmental delays.

 

              They are at increased risk for developing childhood cancers.

Question 76

An infant has gluten-sensitive enteropathy and the parents ask the healthcare professional to explain why the baby bruises so easily. The professional explains that the baby has which deficit?

 

              Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption                  

 

              Bone marrow function depression              

 

              Iron, folate, and B12 deficiency anemias   

 

              Prescribed daily warfarin      

Question 77

What is the effect of low plasma albumin?

 

              Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding.       

 

              Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function.

 

              Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia.

 

              Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium.

Question 78

To quickly assess a patient's nervous system for dysfunction, what assessment should the healthcare professional perform as the priority?

 

              Size and reactivity of pupils  

 

              Pattern of breathing              

 

              Motor response                      

 

              Level of consciousness          

Question 79

A baby is born with a myelomeningocele and needs urgent surgery to repair the defect. The parents want to take the baby home instead. What does the healthcare professional tell the parents about the purpose of this surgery?

 

              1cSurgery is much easier on a tiny infant than on a larger, older baby. 1d          

 

              1cIf your baby has surgery this young, he/she cannot feel pain. 1d         

 

              1cAdditional nervous system damage will occur the longer we wait. 1d

 

              1cPrompt surgery is needed to prevent total paralysis later on. 1d          

Question 80

 The neurobiology of depression is believed to be related to the atrophy of neurons in the:

 

              hypothalmus

 

              hippocampus

 

              thalmus

 

              amygdala

Question 81

A student studying osteomyelitis and asks for an explanation of the term sequestrum. What response by the professor is best?

 

              An area of devascularized and devitalized bone              

 

              An enzyme that phagocytizes necrotic bone

 

              A subperiosteal abscess         

 

              A layer of new bone surrounding the infected bone        

Question 82

A hospitalized patient's lab work is as follows: WBC 2000, bands 14.8%, and segmented neutrophils 5. The healthcare professional calculates the patient's absolute neutrophil count (ANC). What action does the professional take next?

 

              Implements protocols to prevent life-threatening infections        

 

              Encourages the patient to limit any visitors for the present time  

 

              Does nothing; this is a normal ANC for the white cell count       

 

              Holds the patient's medications until the ANC returns to normal

Question 83

A patient has pernicious anemia and asks the healthcare professional to explain the disease. Which statement by the professional is most accurate?

 

              The lack of certain foods in your diet         

 

              Your body cannot absorb vitamin B 12.

 

              You are not getting enough vitamin C.

 

              Your bone marrow has stopped working.

Question 84

The APRN is treating a patient with bipolar 1 disorder.  The major focus of treatment is on:

 

              mania

 

              depression

 

              anxiety

 

              panic attacks

Question 85

Which condition is considered a clinical cause of amenorrhea?

 

              Disorder in the endometrium

 

              Obstruction of the fallopian tubes              

 

              Lack of physical exercise      

 

              Failure to ovulate                  

Question 86

What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?

 

              Globulin                                 

 

              Albumin                                

 

              Clotting factors                     

 

              Complement proteins            

uestion 87

A severely malnourished patient is in the hospital to improve nutrition. On the second day, the patient reports palpitations and difficulty breathing. After placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, what action does the health care professional take next?

 

              Take the patient's temperature.

 

              Have lab drawn for electrolyte levels.

 

              Cancel the patient's next meal.

 

              Facilitate a chest x-ray.

Question 88

A 65-year-old male presents with hesitancy, intermittency and terminal dribbling while voiding. He expresses that he does not always feel that he is completely emptying his bladder when voiding. Irritative symptoms have included frequency, nocturna and urgency. He denies any hematuria or bone or back pain. Clinically, the nurse practitioner knows that diagnostics will include:

 

              Collect a Urinalysis, Prostate Specific Antigen test, Digital Rectal Examination and a Post-Void Residual.

 

              Imagining of the upper urinary tract for UTI or Urolithiasis.

 

              Refer patient for refractory urinary retention, pressure-flow studies and filling cystometrography.

Question 89

In which stage of syphilis would the following clinical manifestations be found: destructive skin, bone and soft tissue lesions, aneurysms, heart failure, and neurosyphilis?

 

              Primary                                  

 

              Secondary                             

 

              Latent

 

              Tertiary

Question 90

A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months?

 

              3        

 

              6        

 

              9        

 

              12      

Question 91

Which cells function to maintain bone matrix?

 

              Osteoclasts                            

 

              Osteocytes                             

 

              Osteoblasts                             

 

              Osteophytes                 

Question 92

A newborn baby displays jaundice 20 hours after birth. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate?

 

              Draw blood to measure total bilirubin.

 

              Teach the patient about phototherapy.

 

              Obtain consent for blood transfusions.

 

              Prepare to administer vitamin K.

Question 93

A patient has defective secretion of the intrinsic factor leading to anemia. What treatment option does the healthcare professional discuss with the patient?

 

              Increasing iron sources in the diet such as red meat.

 

              Vitamin B 12 injections initially given once a week.

 

              Having relatives tested for bone marrow donation.

 

              Better control of the patient's underlying disorder.

Question 94

A patient is 8 hours postoperative after a long orthopedic procedure. The student asks why this patient is at particular risk of developing a thromboembolism. What response by the healthcare professional is best?

 

              Patients tend to have venous stasis from orthopedic operations.

 

              Anesthetic agents often cause an immune response against clotting factors.

 

              Endothelial damage occurs and repair is slowed by postoperative pain.

 

              Atherosclerotic build up causes turbulent blood flow leading to clots.

Question 95

A patient has polycythemia vera and presents to the Emergency Department with plethora and neurological changes. The student asks the healthcare professional to explain the primary cause of these symptoms. What response by the professional is best?

 

              Decreased erythrocyte count 

 

              Destruction of erythrocytes  

 

              Increased blood viscosity      

 

              Tissue destruction by macrophages             

Question 96

What is the primary cause of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn?

 

              Immature immune system     

 

              Small alveoli                          

 

              Surfactant deficiency            

 

              Anemia                                  

Question 97

A person has a vascular anomaly associated with a congenital malformation of dermal capillaries and has been told this lesion does not fade with age. What treatment options can the healthcare professional discuss with this person?

 

              Surgical excision                    

 

              Pulsed dye laser                    

 

              Cool temperatures                 

 

              Cosmetic tattooing                

Question 98

What is the link between major depression and cortisol secretion?

 

              Individuals with depression show suppression of plasma cortisol when given dexamethasone.

 

              Individuals with depression have a decreased plasma cortisol level, despite the administration of exogenous corticosteroids.

 

              Individuals with depression show that persistently elevated plasma cortisol levels can result in inflammation that is believed to trigger depression.

 

              Individuals with depression have normal plasma cortisol levels throughout the day when they take antidepressant medication as prescribed.

Question 99

The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an exfoliative toxin related to which organism?

 

              Staphylococcus aureus           

 

              Streptococcus pyogenes          

 

              Escherichia coli                      

 

              Candida albicans                         

Question 100

A healthcare professional has educated a student on folic acid. Which statement by the student indicates that more teaching is needed?

 

              Folic acid absorption is dependent on the enzyme folacin.

 

              Folic acid is stored in the liver.

 

              Folic acid is essential for RNA and DNA synthesis within erythrocytes.

 

              Folic acid is absorbed in the upper small intestine.