MPH515 2021 July All Quizzes Latest

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 1 Quiz  

Question 1The epidemiologic and clinical descriptions of a disease are different.

  True

  False

Question 2Koch published Die Aetiologie der Tuberkulose in 1882, a breakthrough that led to improved classification of disease by specific causal organisms.

  True

  False

Question 3E. coli O157:H7 is not considered a threat to the food supply of the United States.

  True

  False

Question 4The Framingham Heart Study, begun in 1948, pioneered research into coronary heart disease risk factors.

  True

  False

Question 5Education in epidemiology can be obtained via special summer session programs and online programs.

  True

  False

Question 6The study of diseases linked to harmful physical energy, such as ionizing radiation, would be outside the scope of epidemiology.

  True

  False

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 2 Quiz  

Question 1The epidemiologist John Cassel argued that the agent, host, and environment triad provided an adequate explanation for chronic diseases of noninfectious origin.

  True

  False

Question 2An important risk factor for the population is always important for the individual.

  True

  False

Question 3A dynamic population is one that adds new members through immigration and births and loses members through emigration and deaths.

  True

  False

Question 4Doll and Peto demonstrated that the mortality ratios for lung cancer were similar among those who smoked 1–14 cigarettes per day and those who smoked 15–24 cigarettes per day.

  True

  False

Question 5The term "health disparities" refers to differences in health outcomes (e.g., mortality and burden of disease) that are closely linked with social, economic, and environmental disadvantage.

  True

  False

Question 6What level of prevention is represented by halfway houses for persons recovering from addiction?

  Tertiary prevention

  Primary prevention, active

  Secondary prevention

  Primary prevention, passive

 

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 3 Quiz  

Question 1Race and ethnicity tend to overlap with nativity and religion.

  True

  False

Question 2In the United States, breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among females.

  True

  False

Question 3The human biological clock phenomenon is linked to place variation in diseases.

  True

  False

Question 4Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among both males and females in the United States.

  True

  False

Question 5One of three main purposes of descriptive epidemiology is to aid in the creation of hypotheses.

  True

  False

Question 6Age-specific and age-adjusted mortality rates by sex in the United States generally show the following sex difference(s):

  Rates for males are equal to rates for females during the first 5 years of life.

  Rates for males are equal to rates for females during the first 5 years of life, and rates for males are higher than rates for females from age 6 to age 85 and older.

  Rates for males are higher than rates for females from birth to age 85 and older.

  Rates for males are higher than rates for females from age 6 to age 85 and older.

  Rates for females are higher than rates for males from birth to age 85 and older.

 

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 4 Quiz  

Question 1A prerequisite for using the direct method of age adjustment is that the age-specific death rates in the study population must be stable.

  True

  False

Question 2At the initial examination in the Framingham study, coronary heart disease was found in 5 per 1000 men ages 30–44, and in 5 per 1000 women ages 30–44. The inference that in this age group men and women have an equal risk of getting coronary heart disease is incorrect because the data are prevalence data and not incidence data.

  True

  False

Question 3Certain diseases can occur more than once in the same individual during a stated period of time. Repeated cases of the disease have no effect upon incidence rates.

  True

  False

Question 4The proportional mortality ratio (%) is defined as the mortality due to a specific cause during a time period divided by the mortality due to all causes during the same time period times 100.

  True

  False

Question 5Calculation of the standardized mortality ratio is an example of the direct method of age adjustment.

  True

  False

Question 6When the duration of a disease becomes short and the incidence is high, the prevalence becomes similar to incidence.

  True

  False

 

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 5 Quiz  

Question 1The National Health Survey consists of several distinct programs conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.

True

 False

 Question 2Health insurance statistics provide a generally representative picture of the health status of the U.S. population.

   True

 False

Question 3The Freedom of Information Act exempts (does not allow) the release of personal medical data.

True

 False

 Question 4The Vital Statistics tration System in the United States collects data on all vital events including:

births, deaths, and fetal deaths.

births.

deaths.

births and deaths.

fetal deaths.

Question 5Which of the following is not one of the four criteria for the quality of epidemiologic data?

   The reason the data are collected

The nature of the data

   The completeness of the data

The availability of the data

Question 6An abrupt drop in mortality due to a specific disease from one year to the next is most likely due to:

fewer older persons dying from chronic diseases each year.

 listing of cause of death by the physician on the death certificate.

   a coding mistake when using the International Classification of Disease (ICD) system.

a change in the International Classification of Disease (ICD) system.

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 6 Quiz  

Question 1Which of the following is an example of exposure data in ecologic studies?

  All are correct.

  Smoking prevalence

  Per capita income

  Per capita calorie intake

  Mean ambient temperatures

Question 2Case-control studies are among the best observational designs to study diseases of:

  low prevalence.

  high validity.

  high prevalence.

  low case fatality.

Question 3Examples of descriptive epidemiologic studies do not usually include:

  cohort studies.

  counts.

  case series.

  cross-sectional studies.

Question 4A large medical center’s oncology program reported an increased number of cases of pancreatic cancer during a certain month. The hospital’s epidemiologist decided to research the problem. Tumor registry records were searched to identify all cases of pancreatic cancer during a five-year period; cancer patients were matched with patients treated for other diseases during the same five-year period. All subjects in the study were questioned about lifestyle factors including alcohol, tea, and coffee consumption. The resulting data are as follows:

DATA
	Cancer Patients		Other Patients
	Men	Women	Men	Women
Lifestyle Variable
Alcohol	185	120	270	260
Tea drinking	140	110	230	225
Coffee drinking	190	140	270	240

 

Note:

Total number of male cancer patients = 200

Total number of female cancer patients = 150

Total number of male patients (other diseases) = 300

Total number of female patients (other diseases) = 300

What type of study is this?

  Experimental

  Cohort

  Case-control

  Clinical trial

  Intervention

Question 5A large medical center’s oncology program reported an increased number of cases of pancreatic cancer during a certain month. The hospital’s epidemiologist decided to research the problem. Tumor registry records were searched to identify all cases of pancreatic cancer during a five-year period; cancer patients were matched with patients treated for other diseases during the same five-year period. All subjects in the study were questioned about lifestyle factors including alcohol, tea, and coffee consumption. The resulting data are as follows:

 

DATA
	Cancer Patients		Other Patients
	Men	Women	Men	Women
Lifestyle Variable
Alcohol	185	120	270	260
Tea drinking	140	110	230	225
Coffee drinking	190	140	270	240

 

Total number of male cancer patients = 200

Total number of female cancer patients = 150

Total number of male patients (other diseases) = 300

Total number of female patients (other diseases) = 300

Does this study have an exposure status variable?

  Yes, sex of patient

  No

  Yes, lifestyle

  Yes, disease type

  Insufficient information to answer this question

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 7 Quiz  

Question 1Failing to account for age cohort effects in smoking prevalence may:

  obscure the fact that there had been a shift in the age of onset for lung cancer toward earlier ages as well as the differences in smoking prevalence for males and females, and by level of education.

  obscure the fact that older cohorts had higher prevalence of smoking in comparison to younger cohorts.

  obscure the fact that there had been a shift in the age of onset for lung cancer toward earlier ages.

  obscure the differences in smoking prevalence for males and females, and by level of education.

Question 2A five-year prospective cohort study has just been completed. The study was designed to assess the association between supplemental vitamin A exposure and mortality and morbidity for measles. The RR for incidence of measles was 0.75, and the RR for measles mortality was 0.5.

Which statement is correct?

  One of the problems that this study may have faced is individuals lost to follow-up during the five-year period.

  Supplemental vitamin A increases the incidence of measles.

  A cohort study is not an appropriate study design in this case because the association between one exposure and two different outcomes is being considered.

  A cohort study is not a good design to study this association because measles is a very common disease.

  None are correct.

Question 3An example of passive follow-up in cohort studies is: 

  telephone calls to study participants.

  collection and maintenance of data by federal and state governments.

  use of written invitations to return to the study site.

  use of follow-up mailings.

Question 4Subjects for an exposure-based cohort study of lead exposure would be selected most appropriately from:

  certain occupational groups such as workers who manufacture batteries.

  male Harvard alumni from 1916 to 1950.

  All are correct.

  the residents of a large U.S. county.

Question 5Cohort study is to risk ratio as: 

  ecologic fallacy is to cross-sectional study and case-control study is to odds ratio.

  genetics is to environment.

  case-control study is to odds ratio.

  ecologic fallacy is to cross-sectional study.

Question 6A major advantage of cohort studies over case-control studies with respect to the role of a suspected factor in the etiology of a disease is that: 

  they permit direct determination of risk of disease in those exposed to the suspected factor.

  it is easier to obtain controls not exposed to the suspected factor.

  they take less time and are less costly.

  they can utilize a more representative population.

  they can be done on a double-blind basis.

 

MPH515 Epidemiology and Biostatistics for Public Health Application I

Module 8 Quiz  

Question 1 Controlled clinical trials enable researchers to: 

  test new drugs, new therapies, and new medical devices.

  exercise control over who will receive an exposure.

  identify definitive relationships between causes and effects.

  All are correct.

Question 2A major advantage of community trials is that they are able to:

  control delivery of the intervention to many study units.

  estimate directly the realistic impact of behavior change.

  randomize subjects precisely to the study conditions.

  All are correct.

Question 3To assess clinical end points, investigators:

  compare rates of disease.

  compare rates of death.

  compare rates of recovery.

  All are correct.

Question 4 The purpose of randomization is to reduce error that results from:

  the way in which the outcome is assessed.

  subjects’ participation in the trial.

  assignment to study conditions.

  the way in which the outcome is assessed and assignment to study conditions.

  All are correct.

Question 5Surrogate endpoints for a clinical trial of a drug to control hypertension may include: 

  subclinical disease.

  physical measures such as reduction in blood pressure.

  occurrence of strokes and heart attacks.

  subclinical disease and physical measures such as reduction in blood pressure.

Question 6The purpose of a double-blind design in clinical trials is to reduce error that results from:

  the way in which the outcome is assessed.

  subjects’ knowledge of their assignment to study conditions.

  nonrandom assignment to study conditions.

  the way in which the outcome is assessed and subjects’ knowledge of their assignment to study conditions.