Lab Report: Exercise 9: The Digestive System

AP-2 Lab 09 – Lab Report Name: ____________________

Section: ___________________

Lab Report: Exercise 9: The Digestive System

Purpose: Please explain the purpose of this lab. Include in your explanation the major concepts you learned and any safety concerns associated with the lab.


Activity 1: Microscopic Observation of Digestive Structures

Observations: Be sure to include written descriptions of the tissues and structures you observed in addition to the sketches

Simple Columnar Epithelium of the Stomach:





Simple Columnar Epithelium of the Duodenum:





Ileum Slide:






Salivary Gland Slide






Liver Slide:






Pancreas Slide:






Wall Layer
Major Functions

Mucosa



Submucosa



Muscularis Externa



Serosa or Advantitia




Questions:


Compare the columnar epithelium from the stomach to that of the duodenum. How is each modified to carry out a specific function?


What are the structural modifications you saw in the salivary glands that allow them to carry out their function?


Where can you find Kupffer cells and what do they do?


How is the ileum structurally different from the duodenum?


What is the alimentary canal?


Activity 4: Digestive Enzymes and Physiology

Observations:




Data Table 1: Carbohydrate Digestion
Tube
Observations (Glucose Test)

1: Amylase, Cracker, 37oC



2. Amylase, Cracker, 22oC



3. Distilled Water, Cracker, 37 oC



4. Distilled Water, Cracker, 22oC





Data Table 2: Protein Digestion
Tube
Observations

1. Trypsin, BAPNA, 37oC



2. Trypsin, Distilled Water, 37oC



3. Trypsin, BAPNA, 22oC



4. Trypsin, Distilled Water, 22oC





Data Table 3 A: Controls and Emulsification
Tube
Observations

1. Oil and Water



2. Oil, Water and Bile Salts



3. Pancreatin and Distilled Water



4. Congo Red Cream and Distilled Water




Data Table 3B: Pancreatin Digestion
Tube
Observations (Pink/Blue) Digestion Occur?

1.Pancreatin, Congo Red Cream, 37oC



2. Pancreatin. Congo Cream, 22oC



3. Pancreatin, Congo Cream, Bile Salts, 37oC



4. Pancreatin, Congo Cream, Bile Salts, 22oC




Questions:

What is hydrolysis?

Complete the following table:





Enzyme
Organ Producing it
Site of Action
What does it work on? (Substrate)
Optimal pH

Salivary Amylase





Trypsin






Pancreatic Lipase






How does BAPNA work?



You ran both a body temperature and room temperature test for each enzyme you tested. Did the two temperatures seem to have an effect on the enzyme activity? Why or why not?



Why did you have control tubes in each experiment?




Explain how salivary amylase works on foods like crackers?



Explain how trypsin works on proteins?



Fat digestion requires two steps? What are the steps and what enzymes are used to accomplish each ?