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Question # 00094006 Posted By: kimwood Updated on: 08/18/2015 03:49 PM Due on: 09/17/2015
Subject Business Topic General Business Tutorials:
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Module1–Business CombinationandConsolidation

StockAcquisition–ConsolidatedFinancialStatements-DateofAcquisition

InstructorComment:The followinglessonmodule wasdevelopedtoassiststudents intheir understandingofthecorrespondingsubjectmatterinthecoursetextbook.Thefollowingisnot a replacementforthedetailed presentationprovidedbytheauthors ofthetext,butinsteadis anattempttoprovidestudents withapragmaticdirectreviewwithheavyemphasisonprocess.

Myrecommendationistoapproach thecoursematerialinthefollowingsequence.

1. Read/studytheassigned correspondingsections ofthetext.

2. Readthe“ChapterReview” (PowerPoint)postedinD2L.

3. Read/completethe correspondinginstructordeveloped“Instructor SubjectMatter Presentation” (THISDOCUMENT)postedinD2L.

4. Completetheassigned textquestions,exercisesandproblems(authorrecommended solutionsforassigned oddexercisesposted inD2L).

5. Reviewthecorrespondinginstructordeveloped“InstructorProblem SolvingModules”posted inD2L.

Forstockacquisitionswheresignificantinfluenceandcontrolexist,theacquirer(parent) is requiredbytheSEC,forfinancialreportingpurposes,toconsolidate theacquiredcompany (subsidiary).Thedevelopmentofconsolidatedfinancialstatementsisacomplexprocess.Inan efforttofocus onthekeyaspectsrequired fortheaccountingofconsolidationswewillapply a3- StepProcess.

3- StepProcess:


•Confirmbusiness combinationisa StockAcquisition whichrequires consolidation

•Determinewhere (timing)inthe accounting process


•%Ownership

•Calcualatethe Difference

•FairValueversus BookValue


•Completethe Workpaper

•Complete Financial Statement


The application of the3-Step Processwillbedemonstratedusing abusinesscaseinvolving an acquisition.

Business Case – Paper & Ink Corporation

Paper & Ink Corporation is a manufacturer of computer paper and ink cartridges that supplies independentconvenientstores,pharmacies, and hardware storeswithasmallinventoryof personalcomputer(printer)supplies.These storessellcomputerpaper and ink cartridgesto their customers, who are primarily individual consumers.

Paper & Ink Corporation is able to keep their costs down by selling directly (not througha wholesaler)totheindependentconvenientstores, pharmacies, and hardware stores. Still, increasing direct competition fromonline wholesalers(independent convenientstores, pharmaciesandhardwarestores canorderonline as an alternative supplier) and the indirect competition fromlarge computer supply stores (i.e. OfficeMax) has negatively impacted Paper & InkCorporation’ssales(Paper& InkCorporation is losing market share).

Afteranextensiveinternal reviewtheexecutivemanagement team of Paper & Ink Corporation hasdeterminedthatthecompanyneedstodiversify its product offerings to better differentiate themselves fromtheir competition. Their idea istoaddanewproduct linethatwillbenefitboth Paper & Ink Corporation and their customers. The keyproductthattheyhavedecidedtoaddis ink refill capsules. The capsules come in two sizes:anindividual(oneinkcartridgerefill) anda multiple (100ink cartridge refill). The decision toadd ink refill capsules was based onan internalreview ofthecompany’sstrengthsandweaknesseswhich issummarizedinExhibit A.

Assume thatonJanuary 1,2012Paper &InkCorporation(parentcompany)acquired 75%ofthe stock of Smooth Solutions (subsidiary company) for $31,000,000 (approximately 1.5X sales). SmoothSolutionsstockholdershaveagreedtoaccept a combination of cash and Paper & Ink Corporationstockaspayment.Thestock priceof Paper & Ink Corporation (market price per NASDAQ) at the market closeon December 31, 2011 was $25/share.

PurchasePrice:

$ 31,000,000

Payment:

Cash

$

3,100,000

Stock

$

27,900,000

MktPrice

$

25

#ofShares

1,116,000


The following are the financial statements (balancesheet) forthetwocompaniesimmediately before the acquisition.

BALANCESHEET

$US

Paper&InkCorp.

SmoothSolutions

12/31/2011

12/31/2011

Cash

$ 5,550,000

$ 200,000

Short‐TermInvestments

$ 2,400,000

$ ‐

AccountsReceivable

$ 5,500,000

$ 5,250,000

Inventory

$ 10,000,000

$ 11,300,000

Equipment

$ 19,325,000

$ 7,450,000

Trucks

$ 4,200,000

$ 1,900,000

Trailers

$ 2,400,000

$ 750,000

OtherAssets

$ 1,750,000

$ 1,150,000

Building

$ 875,000

$ 750,000

Land

$ 500,000

$ 425,000

Long‐TermInvestments

$ 4,500,000

$ ‐

OtherLongTermAssets

$ 1,200,000

$ 1,350,000

Goodwill

$ ‐

$ ‐

Difference

$ ‐

$ ‐

TotalAssets

$ 58,200,000

$ 30,525,000

AccountsPayable

$ 7,250,000

$ 4,250,000

OtherCurrentLiabilities

$ 3,250,000

$ 2,150,000

NotesPayable

$ 4,000,000

$ ‐

CreditLine

$ 5,000,000

$ 7,000,000

LongTermDebt

$ 5,400,000

$ 3,350,000

OtherLongTermLiabilities

$ ‐

$ ‐

TotalLiabilities

$ 24,900,000

$ 16,750,000

CommonStock(Par$.10)

$ 250,000

$ 125,000

APIC

$ 22,000,000

$ 11,500,000

RE

$ 11,050,000

$ 900,000

TotalEquity

$ 33,300,000

$ 13,775,000

TotalLiabilitiesandEquity

$ 58,200,000

$ 30,525,000


•Confirmbusiness combinationisa StockAcquisition whichrequires consolidation

•Determinewhere (timing) inthe accountingprocess

Step1-Assess theBusinessScenario

Assessingthebusiness scenariocanhavemanymeanings. Fornow,wewillfocusonthe accountingaspects ofthetransaction.Intermsoftheaccounting,Paper&InkCorporationis buying75%ofthestockofSmoothSolutions.

InstructorInsight: It maynotalways bereadilyclearwhattypeoftransactionistakingplace (assetacquisitionorstockacquisition).Particularly,ininstanceswhere100%oftheacquisition targetispurchased.Inrealitywewouldneedmoredetailed informationtoknowhoweach transactionwouldneedtobeaccounted.Forexample,assuming Paper&InkCorporationdid purchase100%ofthestockofSmoothSolutions,willPaper&InkCorporationretirethestock ofSmoothSolutionswhichwouldlikelyresultinthedissolutionofSmoothSolutions asalegal entity.Ifthiswerethecase, thetransactionwouldbeaccountedforasanassetacquisition.If Paper&InkCorporationheldthestock(NOTretirethestock)SmoothSolutionswouldcontinue toexistasaseparate legalentity.Thus, weknowwewouldneedtoaccountforthistransaction (businesscombination)asastock acquisition.

Basedontheinformationprovided,wehavedeterminedthatwearedealing withastock acquisition.Wealsoneedtodeterminewhatpointintimeweareinthetransaction. Inthis scenarioitappearswearejustbeforetheactualtransaction“DateofAcquisition.”Weknow thisislikelythecasebyboththedescriptionofevents,“Thefollowing arethefinancial statements(balancesheet)forthetwocompaniesimmediatelybefore theacquisition.”In addition,whenreviewingPaper&InkCorporationsbalancesheet thereisnoinvestmentin subsidiary account.

Havingdeterminedthattheactualtransactionhasyettoberecorded,weknowthatPaper&Ink Corporation willneedtomaketheaccountingentryatthetimeofthetransaction. Thus,wewill assumethatthe$31milliondollar paymenttotheshareholdersofSmoothSolutionstakesplace. Therefore,Paper& InkCorporationwillneedtomakethefollowingentry:


Account

Debit

Credit

InvestmentinSubsidiary(SmoothSolutions)

$ 31,000,000

Cash

$

3,100,000

CommonStock(1,116,000@$.10)

$

111,600

APIC

$

27,788,400

Torecordthe75%stockacquisitionofSmoothSolutionsonJanuary1,2012.

APIC

$

416,826

Cash

$

416,826

Torecordstockregistrationfeesforissuanceof1,116,000commonshares.

Note–Theseareactualjournal entries (REALentries)thataremadeinPaper &Ink Corporation’sledger atthetimeofacquisition.

Q1.Short Answer- Immediately after the above transaction what change(s) will be made on the respective books (ledger) of each company?Pleaseexplainwhyorwhynotchanges aremadeto eachcompany’srespectivefinancialstatement(s).

Paper & Ink Corporation: Smooth Solutions:

Q2.Calculations - Show the calculations confirmingthefollowingbalance sheetaccountshave correctlystatedbalances (perthebalancesheet below):

Cash $2,033,174

Common Stock $ 361,600

APIC $49,371,574

Q3.Short Answer– Explain why the subsidiarycompany’s cash account wasnotimpacted by the purchase transaction?


BALANCESHEET

$US

Paper&InkCorp

SmoothSolutions

1/01/2012

1/01/2012

Cash

$ 2,033,174

$ 200,000

Short‐TermInvestments

$ 2,400,000

$ ‐

AccountsReceivable

$ 5,500,000

$ 5,250,000

Inventory

$ 10,000,000

$ 11,300,000

Invesment inSubsidiary

$ 31,000,000

$ ‐

Equipment

$ 19,325,000

$ 7,450,000

Trucks

$ 4,200,000

$ 1,900,000

Trailers

$ 2,400,000

$ 750,000

OtherAssets

$ 1,750,000

$ 1,150,000

Building

$ 875,000

$ 750,000

Land

$ 500,000

$ 425,000

Long‐TermInvestments

$ 4,500,000

$ ‐

Other LongTerm Assets

$ 1,200,000

$ 1,350,000

TotalAssets

$ 85,683,174

$ 30,525,000

AccountsPayable

$ 7,250,000

$ 4,250,000

OtherCurrentLiabilities

$ 3,250,000

$ 2,150,000

NotesPayable

$ 4,000,000

$ ‐

CreditLine

$ 5,000,000

$ 7,000,000

LongTermDebt

$ 5,400,000

$ 3,350,000

TotalLiabilities

$ 24,900,000

$ 16,750,000

CommonStock(Par$.10)

$ 361,600

$ 125,000

APIC

$ 49,371,574

$

11,500,000

RE

$

11,050,000

$

2,150,000

TotalEquity

$

60,783,174

$

13,775,000

TotalLiabilitiesandEquity

$

85,683,174

$

30,525,000

Q4.True/False–Theexisting liabilityaccountson the subsidiary’s balancesheetwillalways equal fair value?Explain your answer.

Q5.ShortAnswer– Explainhowtoaccountforassets andliabilitiesidentifiedatthetimeofthe acquisitionbutarenotlisted onthesubsidiary company’s balance sheet?


Q6.MultipleChoice–Tocalculatethetotalimplied valueoftheacquired companythe followingdatapointsareneeded:

a. %ownershipacquired, fairvaluegivenup,andfairvaluereceived

b. %ownershipacquired,fairvaluereceived,bookvaluereceived

c. Theimpliedvalueisbasedonanoutside valuationoftheacquiredcompany.

d. %ownership acquiredandfairvaluegivenup

•%Ownership

• Calcualate the Difference

• FairValue versusBook Value

Computation andAllocationofDifference(CAD)Schedule.

%ofownership= 75% 25% 100%NonContrilling

Parent Interest(NCI) TotalImpliedValue


FairValueGivenUpèBookValue ReceivedèDifference AccountsReceivable Inventory

Equipment

Trucks Trailers OtherAssets BuildingLand

OtherLong Term Assets Patent Rights‐Note1 Customer List‐Note2 Brand Names‐Note3


$ 31,000,000

$ 10,331,250

$ 20,668,750


$ 10,333,333 $

$ 3,443,750 $

$ 6,889,583 $

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$


41,333,333

13,775,000

27,558,333

(500,000)

(300,000)

2,550,000

(800,000)

(200,000)

(650,000) $

250,000

1,575,000

(600,000)

1,000,000

500,000

2,000,000


4,825,000


Net IncreaseinAssets


Contaminated Land‐CleanUpEstimate‐Note4 EmployeeLawsuit‐Note5 Customer Lawsuit ‐Note6

Balance

Goodwill

Balance


$ 800,000

$ 100,000 $

$ 250,000 $

$ 23,883,333

$ 23,883,333

$ ‐


1,150,000

3,675,000


NetIncreaseinLiabilities NetIncrease


Note:Fairvaluedifferencesarecalculated ontheschedulebelow.


FairValuevs.

BALANCESHEET

FairValueReport

BookValue

$US

SmoothSolutions

SmoothSolutions SmoothSolutions

1/01/2012

1/01/2012

1/01/2012

Cash

$ 200,000

$ 200,000

$ ‐

Short‐TermInvestments

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ ‐

AccountsReceivable

$ 5,250,000

$ 4,750,000

$ (500,000)

Inventory

$ 11,300,000

$ 11,000,000

$ (300,000)

Equipment

$ 7,450,000

$ 10,000,000

$ 2,550,000

Trucks

$ 1,900,000

$ 1,100,000

$ (800,000)

Trailers

$ 750,000

$ 550,000

$ (200,000)

OtherAssets

$ 1,150,000

$ 500,000

$ (650,000)

Building

$ 750,000

$ 1,000,000

$ 250,000

Land

$ 425,000

$ 2,000,000

$ 1,575,000

Long‐TermInvestments

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ ‐

OtherLongTermAssets

$ 1,350,000

$ 750,000

$ (600,000)

PatentRights‐Note1

$ ‐

$ 1,000,000

$ 1,000,000

CustomerList‐Note2

$ ‐

$ 500,000

$ 500,000

BrandNames‐Note3

$ ‐

$ 2,000,000

$ 2,000,000

TotalAssets

$ 30,525,000

$ 35,350,000

$ 4,825,000

AccountsPayable

$ 4,250,000

$ 4,250,000

$ ‐

OtherCurrentLiabilities

$ 2,150,000

$ 2,150,000

$ ‐

NotesPayable

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ ‐

CreditLine

$ 7,000,000

$ 7,000,000

$ ‐

LongTermDebt

$ 3,350,000

$ 3,350,000

$ ‐

OtherLongTermLiabilities

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ ‐

ContaminatedLand‐CleanUpEstimate‐Note4

$ 800,000

$ 800,000

EmployeeLawsuit‐Note5

$ 100,000

$ 100,000

CustomerLawsuit‐Note6

$ ‐

$ 250,000

$ 250,000

TotalLiabilities

$ 16,750,000

$ 17,900,000

$ 1,150,000

CommonStock(Par$.10)

$ 125,000

APIC

$ 11,500,000

RE

$ 900,000

TotalEquity

$ 13,775,000

TotalLiabilitiesandEquity

$ 30,525,000


• Complete theWorkpaper

• Complete FinancialStatement

Q7.True/False-Workpaperentriesarejournalentries thatareultimatelyrecordedintheparent company’sledger. Explainyouranswer.

Asdiscussedinyourreading, whensignificantinfluenceandcontrolexists,theequity investmentmustbeconsolidatedintothecompany’sfinancial statements.Priortocreating consolidatedfinancialstatementstheinvestorsandcreditorsofPaper&InkCorporationhavea limitedviewofthecompany’sinvestmentinSmoothSolutions.Simply,a$31million dollar assetcalledInvestmentinSubsidiary.Notonlyistheinvestmentdifficulttoassess,itrepresents morethan50%ofPaper&InkCorporation’snetassets. Clearly,therequired accountingto consolidatetheinvestmentwillbetterreflect thecompany’sfinancial(andeconomic)position.

Theconsolidationprocessissimplyanaccountingmethodthatresultsinabetterpresentationof acompany’sfinancialstatements.Todeterminethecorrectbalance ofthecombinedcompany’s accountstheaccountantemploystheuseofatoolcalledaworkpaper.Theworkpaperdoesthe following:

ParentCompanyAccounts+SubsidiaryCompanyAccounts +WorkpaperEntries = Parent&Subsidiary CompanyConsolidatedAccount Balances

Inaddition,aseparateaccount (NCI)mustbecreatedforthoseinvestorsoftheacquired company(subsidiary company)thatdidnotselltheirownership(shares). Thisaccountiscalled theNoncontrollingInterest orNCI.Aseparatelineitemisrequired forthenetvalueofthe subsidiaryheldbytheNCIshareholdersintheConsolidatedFinancialStatements.Thisaccount isincludedtheequitysection oftheconsolidatedbalance sheet.

Theworkpaper entriesarebasically theadjustmentsneededtoarriveatacorrectlystated consolidatedaccount balance.


Reminder:Workpaperentriesare notrealentriesandthereforedonotimpacttherespective company’s ledger. They are adjustment entries usedintheworkaperprocesstoarriveatthe correct consolidated balance(s).

TheinputsintotheworkpaperentryaredrivenfromtheCAD.

ComputationandAllocationofDifference(CAD)Schedule.

% of ownership =

75%

25%

100%

NonControlling

Parent

Interest(NCI)

TotalImplied Value

FairValueGivenUpè

$ 31,000,000

$ 10,333,333

$ 41,333,333

BookValueReceivedè

$ 10,331,250

$ 3,443,750

$ 13,775,000

Difference

$ 20,668,750

$ 6,889,583

$ 27,558,333

Account(1)

Debit

$ 125,000

Common Stock – Smooth Solutions

APIC – Smooth Solutions

$13,775,000

$11,500,000

RE – Smooth Solutions

$ 2,150,000

Difference

$27,558,000

Credit

Investment in Subsidiary – Smooth Solutions $31,000,000

NCI $10,333,333

The CADfirstcomparesthefairvaluegiven uptothebookvalue received.Thenext questionis toinvestigatewhether thereareany assetsandliabilitiesthat havea fairvaluethatisdifferent frombookvalue.Thisinformationisusedtobothdetermine if there is goodwill (or gain) and to completethe 2ndpart of the workpaper entry. The secondworkpaperentryisto properly allocatethe differenceaccount.

Q8.– PrepareEntry- Completetheworkpaper entry to allocate the difference account. Account(2) Debit Credit


Q9.- TrueorFalse -Thebalance sheetofPaper& Inc.Corp.hasalineitem“Investmentin Subsidiary”withabalance of$31,000,000.Thisbalanceisthetotal implied value of the subsidiary.Explainyouranswer.

Q10.MultipleChoiceèThis investment in subsidiary account would be found in which section of the parent company balance sheet?

a. Equity

b. Liabilities

c. Assets

d. Not included in the balance sheet

Once the workpaper entries are completed we canthen complete the actual workpaper.The workpaper entry populates the workpaper and providesthenecessaryinformationtocomputethe consolidated balances.

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Tutorials for this Question
  1. Tutorial # 00088391 Posted By: kimwood Posted on: 08/18/2015 03:49 PM
    Puchased By: 3
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    closeon December 31, 2011 was $25/share. PurchasePrice: $ 31,000,000 Payment: Cash $ 3,100,000 Stock $ 27,900,000 MktPrice $ 25 #ofShares 1,116,000 ...
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ConsolidationWorkpaper

BALANCESHEET

$US

Paper& InkCorp.

SmoothSolutions

WorkpaperEntriesand

Noncontrolling

Consolidated

Parent

Subsidiary

Eliminations

Interest

Balances

1/01/2012

1/01/2012

Debit

Credit

Cash

$ 2,033,174

$ 200,000

$ 2,233,174

Short‐TermInvestments

$ 2,400,000

$ ‐

$ 2,400,000

AccountsReceivable

$ 5,500,000

$ 5,250,000

$ 500,000

(2)

$ 10,250,000

Inventory

$ 10,000,000

$ 11,300,000

$ 300,000

(2)

$ 21,000,000

InvesmentinSubsidiary

$ 31,000,000

$ ‐

$ 31,000,000

(1)

$ ‐

Equipment

$ 19,325,000

$ 7,450,000

$

2,550,000

(2)

$ 29,325,000

Trucks

$ 4,200,000

$ 1,900,000

$ 800,000

(2)

$ 5,300,000

Trailers

$ 2,400,000

$ 750,000

$ 200,000

(2)

$ 2,950,000

OtherAssets

$ 1,750,000

$ 1,150,000

$ 650,000

(2)

$ 2,250,000

Building

$ 875,000

$ 750,000

$

250,000

(2)

$ 1,875,000

Land

$ 500,000

$ 425,000

$

1,575,000

(2)

$ 2,500,000

Long‐TermInvestments

$ 4,500,000

$ ‐

$ 600,000

(2)

$ 3,900,000

OtherLongTermAssets

$ 1,200,000

$ 1,350,000

$ 2,550,000

PatentRights‐Note1

$ ‐

$

1,000,000

(2)

$ 1,000,000

CustomerList‐Note2

$ ‐

$

500,000

(2)

$ 500,000

BrandNames‐Note3

$ ‐

$

2,000,000

(2)

$ 2,000,000

Goodwill

$ ‐

$ ‐

$

23,883,333

(2)

$ 23,883,333

Difference

$ ‐

$ ‐

$

27,558,333

(1)

$ 27,558,333

$ ‐

TotalAssets

$ 85,683,174

$ 30,525,000

$ 113,916,507

AccountsPayable

$ 7,250,000

$ 4,250,000

$ 11,500,000

OtherCurrentLiabilities

$ 3,250,000

$ 2,150,000

$ 5,400,000

NotesPayable

$ 4,000,000

$ ‐

$ 4,000,000

CreditLine

$ 5,000,000

$ 7,000,000

$ 12,000,000

LongTermDebt

$ 5,400,000

$ 3,350,000

$ 8,750,000

OtherLongTermLiabilities

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ ‐

Contaminated Land‐CleanUpEstimate‐Note4

$ 800,000

(2)

$ 800,000

EmployeeLawsuit‐Note5

$ 100,000

(2)

$ 100,000

CustomerLawsuit‐Note6

$ ‐

$ ‐

$ 250,000

(2)

$ 250,000

TotalLiabilities

$ 24,900,000

$ 16,750,000

$ 42,800,000

NCI

$10,333,333

(1

$ 10,333,333

CommonStock(Par $.10)

$ 361,600

$ 125,000

$

125,000

(1)

$ 361,600

SharesIssuedandOutstanding

$

0.10

3,616,000

1,250,000

APIC

$ 49,371,574

$ 11,500,000

$

11,500,000

(1)

$ 49,371,574

RE

$ 11,050,000

$ 2,150,000

$

2,150,000

(1)

$ 11,050,000

TotalEquity

$ 60,783,174

$ 13,775,000

$ 71,116,507

TotalLiabilitiesandEquity

$ 85,683,174

$ 30,525,000

$ 113,916,507

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