Herzing NU623 Quiz 3 Latest 2021

 

Which of the following results might you see in a physical examination of a male patient with hypertension?

S2 heart sound

Distended neck veins Rhonchi

Waist measurement 36 inches

Which heart sound is associated with decreased elasticity of the left ventricle in left ventricular hypertrophy?

A physiologic split S2

A fixed split S2

S3

S4

What is the most common form of heart disease in a patient with atrial fibrillation?

Hypertension

 Coronary artery disease associated with heart failure

Rheumatic heart disease

Angina

Coronary artery disease associated with heart failure

 Which of the following may help a clinician to determine whether palpitations are caused by a potentially lethal cardiac rhythm?

Holter monitoring

 Complete blood count (CBC)

Thyroid panel

Computed axial tomography (CAT) scan

A patient is seen in the clinic with right upper quadrant pain that is radiating to the middle of the back. The NP suspects acute cholelithiasis. The NP should expect which of the following laboratory findings?

Decreased alanine aminotransferase and decreased aspartate aminotransferase

Elevated alkaline phosphatase

 Decreased indirect bilirubin

Decreased white blood cells

A 35-year-old female patient is seen in the clinic complaining of abdominal pain. Which of the following should be included in the examination?

Lumbar puncture

Family history of cardiac problems

Contrast venography

Pelvic exam

A 21-year-old student presents with complaints of fatigue, headache, nausea, anorexia, runny nose, and all of which began about 2 weeks ago. She is sexually active only with her boyfriend who had mononucleosis about 1 month ago. She does not use injectable drugs, and works as an aide in a day-care center.

Examination reveals cervical adenopathy and an enlarged liver and spleen. Which of the following labs would be most helpful in the differential diagnosis at this point?

Anti-HAV IgM

HAV IgG

 HCV RNA

IgM anti-HBs

Anti-HAV IgM

Which type of angina do you suspect in Harvey, who complains of chest pain that occurs during sleep and most often in the early morning hours?

Stable angina

Unstable angina

Variant (Prinzmetal’s angina) Probably not angina but hiatal hernia

Which high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level is considered cardioprotective?

Greater than 30

Greater than 40

Greater than 50

Greater than 60

Which of the following is most effective in diagnosing acute appendicitis?

History and physical Sedimentation rate

Kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray

Complete blood count (CBC) with differentials

A patient is seen with dark-colored urine, and the urine dipstick reveals a high level of bilirubin. Which of the following could be a cause of this problem?

Increased bilirubin uptake

Increased bilirubin excretion

Biliary obstruction

 A serum bilirubin level of 0.5 mg/dL

 Which of the following is associated with celiac disease (celiac sprue)?

Malabsorption Constipation

Rectal bleeding

Esophageal ulceration

Which of the following is true of peripheral edema?

It is always independent of underlying disorders.

Peripheral edema occurs more frequently in men than in women.

When it involves the lower extremities, it may be caused by cardiac conditions.

 It is the accumulation of tissue fluid within organ systems.

 Which of the following causes of gastrointestinal bleeding is found in the lower gastrointestinal tract?

Erosive esophagitis

 Duodenal ulcer

 Meckel’s diverticulum Gastric ulcer

You are assessing Sigred for metabolic syndrome. Which of her parameters is indicative of this syndrome?

Her waist is 36 inches.

 Her triglyceride level is 140 mg/dL.

Her BP is 128/84.

Her fasting blood sugar (BS) is 108 mg/dL.

A patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following should be included in the patient’s differential diagnosis?

Gastroenteritis

 Recent use of Imodium

Lack of dietary fiber

Decreased physical activity

A 28-year-old patient is seen with complaints of diarrhea. Which of the following responses to the history questions would help the primary-care provider (PCP) establish the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?

Feels relief after urination

Pain is precipitated by eating

Pain wakes up patient from sleep

Defecates in the middle of the night

Pain is precipitated by eating

You just started Martha on HTN therapy. The Eighth Joint National Committee recommends that if her goal BP is not reached in what length of time, you should increase the initial drug or add a second drug to it?

1 month

 3 months

6 months

1 year

Samuel is going to the dentist for some work and must take endocarditis prophylaxis because of his history of:

Severe asthma

A common valvular lesion

Severe hypertension

A prosthetic heart valve

What is the term for light-headedness, feeling faint, and muscular weakness with a cardiovascular origin?

Presyncope Vertigo

Dizziness

Myocardial infarction

Which pain characteristic is usually indicative of angina pectoris?

Fleeting

Moving

Diffuse

Localized

Diffuse

Mary has hypertension and previously had a stroke. Which hypertensive drug has been shown to reduce stroke?

Chlorthalidone

Metoprolol

Amlodipine

Chlorthalidone

Losartan

 Which of these is one of the most common dietary triggers of IBS?

Gluten-free items

 Lactose Honey

 Meat

What is the most common presenting complaint in congestive heart failure?

Weight loss

Palpitations

Syncope

Dyspnea

Gail, a 35-year-old female patient, is seen in the clinic in the morning. She complains of abrupt onset of nausea, vomiting, colicky abdominal cramps, and profuse watery diarrhea that began last night. Her vitals are BP: 110/70, HR: 110, temperature: 99°F, RR: 12. She recently came back from a vacation in Switzerland, ate leftovers for dinner last night, and had a cold 2 weeks ago. Which of the following is the most probable cause of her condition?

Staphylococcus

Shigella

 Staphylococcus

Rotavirus

 Entamoeba histolytica

Donna is a 36-year-old African American woman with chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following are necessary to manage her condition?

One alcoholic drink a week maximum

NSAIDs, which are the only analgesic appropriate for pain relief

Treating serum glucose levels of 200 to 250 mg/dL

A low-fat diet of less than 50 g of fat per day

When teaching post-MI patients about their NTG tablets, the clinician should stress that the tablets should remain in the light- resistant bottle in which they are packaged and should not be put in another pill box or remain in areas that are or could become warm and humid. Once opened, the bottle must be dated and discarded after how many months?

1 month

3 months

6 months

 As long as the tablets are kept in this special bottle, they will last forever.

A 45-year-old patient presents with a chief complaint of generalized abdominal pain. Her physical examination is remarkable for left lower quadrant tenderness. At this time, which of the following should be considered in the differential diagnosis?

Endometriosis

 Yersinia enterocolitica infection

Appendicitis

GERD

Which of the following doses of statins decrease LDL by up to 50% on average?

Pravastatin 40 mg

Simvastatin 20 mg

Atorvastatin 80 mg

Fluvastatin 40 mg  Atorvastatin 80 mg

Cameron, 38 years old, is 5 feet 8 inches tall and weighs 189 pounds. He reports that he has had intermittent heartburn for several months and takes antacids with temporary relief. He has been waking during the night with a burning sensation in his chest. Which additional information would lead you to believe that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the cause of his pain?

The pain seems better when he smokes to relieve his nerves.

Coffee and fried foods don’t bother him.

He wakes at night coughing with a bad taste in his mouth.

He likes to wear loose clothing.

He wakes at night coughing with a bad taste in his mouth.

The nurse practitioner (NP) suspects a patient has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following items on the history would lead the NP to this conclusion?

Use of fish oil vitamin

Ethanol avoidance

Cigarette smoking Prednisone use

Which of the following are included in the Ranson’s criteria for assessing the severity of pancreatitis at the time of diagnosis?

Blood glucose 180 mg/dL

Age 45 years old

Base deficit greater than 4 mEq/L Serum LDH greater than 25 IU/L

A patient is diagnosed with Giardia lamblia after a backpacking trip in the mountains. Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment?

Vancomycin

Penicillin

Metronidazole Bactrim

 A 25-year-old accountant is seen in the clinic complaining of crampy abdominal pain after meals. She is often constipated and takes laxatives, which are followed by a couple of days of diarrhea. She

 temporarily feels better after a bowel movement. She states she is embarrassed by flatulence and has abdominal distension. She has had no weight loss or blood in her stool. This problem has gone on for about 6 months. What should the next step be?

Obtain a complete history. Order a barium enema.

Schedule a Bernstein’s test.

Prescribe a trial of antispasmodics.

A 28-year-old patient is seen in the clinic with colicky abdominal pain, particularly after meals. She has frequent constipation, flatulence, and abdominal distension. Which of the data make a diagnosis of diverticulitis unlikely?

Her age

 Frequent constipation

Pain after meals

Colicky abdominal pain

Which of the following is abundant in the heart and rapidly rises in the bloodstream in the presence of heart failure, making it a good diagnostic test?

 Brain natriuretic peptide

C-reactive protein

Brain natriuretic peptide

Serum albumin

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

In which type of atrioventricular (AV) block does the pulse rate (PR) interval lengthen until a beat is dropped?

First-degree AV block

Second-degree Mobitz I AV block

Second-degree Mobitz II AV block

Second-degree Mobitz I AV block

Third-degree AV block

Claire is a patient complaining that her left leg is cool, pale, smaller than her right, and has thick toenails. Which condition may she be experiencing?

Peripheral artery disease

Anemia

Deep vein thrombosis

Pulmonary embolism

If a pulmonary embolus is suspected, which testing should be performed?

Ultrasound

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

V/Q scan

D-dimer

V/Q scan

What is true regarding the treatment of cilostazol?

It causes vasoconstriction.

It can be used when a patient has a degree of heart failure.

It is used to treat leg pain due to blockages in the leg veins. It causes platelet aggregation.