HCS106 Exam 3 Latest 2021

Question 1 If the liver were severely damaged, digestion of what would be most affected?

vitamins

 fats

 minerals

 potassium

Question 2What condition causes lactose intolerance?

 lactose deficiency

 lactase deficiency

 gallstones

 cirrhosis

Question 3What digestive region is responsible for the propulsion of materials into the esophagus?

gall bladder

 pharynx

 salivary glands

 stomach

What is a function of secretin?

converttrypsinogen into trypsin

 activate chymotrypsin

 stimulate the release of pancreatic fluid

 inhibit the action of pancreatic lipase

Which organ below is necessary to sustain life?

pancreas

 veriform appendix

 spleen

 gallbladder

Which duct must bile entering the gallbladder pass through?

cystic duct

 duodenal duct

 pancreatic duct

 common hepatic duct

Why are vitamins required in human diet?

they attach to coenzymes

 they enable catabolic reactions

 they provide energy

 they bind with minerals

Question 8Which choice represents a healthy lipoprotein?

HDLs

 LDLs

 LDSs

 LDHs

How are lipids transported within the blood?

as chylomicrons

 via the electron transport chain

 on glucocorticoids

 within insulin molecules

Where does the process of glycolysis occur?

in the cytoplasm

 in the mitochondria

 in the plasma membrane

 in the nucleus

What happens to basal metabolic rate as a person ages?

increases

 decreases

 remains the same

 increases in some reactions and decreases in others

Question 12 Which stage of carbohydrate metabolism requires ATP?

glycolysis

 citric acid cycle

 electron transport chain

 fermentation

Question 13What is an accessory organ of the digestive system?

large intestine

 small intestine

 gallbladder

 stomach

Question 14Which layer of the digestive tract has a layer of dense irregular connective tissue filled with blood vessels and the plexus of Meissner?

muscularisexterna

 mucosa

 submucosa

 serosa

Question 15What is the name given to the longitudinal ribbon of smooth muscle visible on the outer surfaces of the colon just beneath the serosa?

haustrae

 taenia coli

 epiploic appendages

 vermiform appendix

Question 16What is the average length of the large intestines?

1.5 - 1.8 meters

 5 - 6 meters

 4.2 - 5.8 meters

 6.4 - 7.4 meters

Question 17What are the names of the three pairs of salivary glands that secrete into the oral cavity?

parotid, sublingual, and submandibular

 uvular, ankyloglossic, and hypoglossal

 pharyngeal, palatoglossal, and palatopharyngeal

 lingual, labial, and frenulum

Question 18Where is bile stored?

gallbladder

 

common bile duct

 liver

 hepatic duct

Question 19What is the term for the folds of the stomach when it is empty?

rugae

 gastric pits

 pylorus

 fundus

Question 20What is the tube that takes food from the pharynx to the stomach?

laryngopharynx

 oropharynx

 esophagus

 nasopharynx

Question 21What is the first division of the small intestine called?

ileum

 duodenum

 jejunum

 cecum

What is the process called by which we take complex foods into the body?

ingestion

 digestion

 mechanical digestion

 Deglutition

Question 22What is the process called by which we take complex foods into the body?

ingestion

 digestion

 mechanical digestion

 deglutition

 Question 23

What is a major function of the large intestine?

 

 secrete digestive enzymes

 reabsorb water from chyme

regulate the release of bile

 break down hemoglobin

What is a major function of the liver?

Bile Production

 Secretion of glucagon

 Production of intestinal bacteria

 Food reservoir

Question 25Which organ in the digestive tract also has the duty of destroying old red blood cells?

liver

 gallbladder

 pancreas

 small intestine

Question 26What is the central part of the stomach called?

fundic region

 pyloric region

 cardiac region

 body region

Question 27What does metabolism refer to in the human body?

all chemical reactions that occur to make life possible

 reactions that breakdown amino acids

 reactions that breakdown proteins

 reactions that breakdown glucose for energy

Question 28What is a product of glycolysis?

H2O

 O2

 Co2

 ATP

Question 29Which stage of cell respiration produces the most ATP?

glycolysis

 Krebs citric acid cycle

 transamination

 electron transport system

When is the term basal metabolic rate used?

at rest

 during light exercise

 in stressful situations

 during heavy exercise

Question 31What is the term for synthesis reactions?

anabolism

 catabolism

 metabolism

 Reduction

Question 32What term is used indicating that blood glucose levels have decreased below their normal levels?

hypoglycemia

 hyperglycemia

 phosphorylation

 deamination

Question 33What is the net gain of glycolysis?

2 ATP

 4 ATP

 6 ATP

 38 ATP

Question 34Where does protein catabolism take place?

liver cells

 spleen

 thymus

 kidneys

Question 35What is the term that refers to the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones?

anabolism

 catabolism

 metabolism

 Glycolysis

Question 36Where is Niacin needed in cell respiration?

citric acid cycle

 cytochrome transport system

 Krebs citric acid cycle

 glycolysis and cytochrome transport system

Question 37What does homeostasis refer to?

changing external conditions

 stable external conditions

 changing internal conditions

 stable internal conditions

Question 38A deficiency in this mineral can lead to pernicious anemia.

Cobalt

 Copper

 Zinc

 Biotin

Question 39What is most of the heat generated through the process of catabolism utilized for?

to maintain body temperature

 to denature proteins

 phosphorylation

 assimilation

Question 40What is the term that refers to chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life?

 anabolism

 catabolism

 metabolism

 glycolysis