Harper BIO101 Homework Chapter 13 & 14 Latest 2020 MAY

BIO101 Biology Survey

Homework Chapter 13 & 14

1.            Define evolution.

2.            Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin both proposed the idea of natural selection.  Describe this idea.

3.            How did Jean-BabtisteLamark’s explanation of evolution differ from Darwin’s?

4.            List Darwin’s four postulate for natural selection.  Describe how each contributes to evolution.

5.            True or False: Individuals within a population evolve.

6.            Give an example of each of the following types of evidence used to support the theory of evolution:

a.            Fossil Record:

b.            Comparative Anatomy:

c.             Vestigial Structures:

d.            Embryology:

e.            The Molecular Record:

7.            Explain why genetic variation within a population is important for evolution to occur.  How can this lead to natural selection?

8.            Describe the following sources of genetic variation within populations that lead to evolutionary change.  Give an example of each.  

a.            Mutation:

b.            Sexual Reproduction:

c.             Genetic Drift:

d.            Gene Flow:

9.            What is the founder effect?  Give an example.

10.          Explain the theory of natural selection.  What does “Survival of the Fittest” mean?

11.          Describe the following types of selection and give an example of each.

a.            Directional Selection:

b.            Disruptive Selection:

c.             Stabilizing Selection:

12.          Define the biological species concept.

13.          What is a reproductive barrier?  How does this contribute to the process of speciation?

14.          Describe and give an example of each of the following types of prezygotic barriers:

a.            Temporal Isolation

b.            Habitat Isolation

c.             Behavioral Isolation

d.            Mechanical Isolation

e.            Gametic Isolation

15.          Give one example of a postzygotic barrier

16.          What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?  Give an example of each.

17.          Explain how continental drift has contributed to changes in biogeography over time.

18.          What is macroevolution?  Give an example of macroevolution discussed in class.

19.          Briefly describe the theory behind how birds evolved from dinosaurs.