Excelsior HSC105 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Quarterly Exam 3

What type of muscle tissue is directly involved with performing the multiple movement patterns in a dance routine?

cardiac muscle

 skeletal muscle

 rigid muscle

 smooth muscle

How is glycogen utilized by muscle fibers?

glucose is broken down to glycogen and then introduced to oxygen to decrease the contraction rate of muscle fibers

 glycogen is broken down to glucose and then used in cellular respiration to produce energy for continued contraction

 glycogen does not require oxygen to be used by the muscle fibers for contraction

 glycogen is broken down to lactic acid and then utilized directly by muscle fibers

What muscle is the prime mover for the action of hip flexion performed in a squat?

gluteus medius

 adductor group

 iliopsoas

 tibialis anterior

In which exercise would lactate, the dissolved form of lactic acid, buildup most likely occur?

during an easy walk on a flat surface

 while lifting groceries out of the car

 during continuous sprints in a soccer match

 while throwing a football to a teammate

What would happen if the Broca’s motor speech area were damaged?

The person would have complete memory loss.

 The person would be able to understand speech but could not talk.

 The person could not understand speech.

 The person would have diminished senses of taste and smell.

As you stand up in front of the class to give a speech, your heart rate and respiratory rate increase. What is responsible for these effects?

 

 

The sympathetic nervous system

 The cerebellum

 The parasympathetic nervous system

 The somatic nervous system

Where are Scwann cells found?

around the axons of nerves in the peripheral nervous system

 around axons of nerves in the central nervous system

 around axons of interneurons

 around the cell body of bipolar neurons

Which part of the brain regulates heart rate, breathing and blood pressure?

pons

 ventricles

 cerebellum

 medulla

What are nerve cells containing many Schwann cells called?

unmyelinated fibers

 axon hillock

 myelinated fibers

 synaptic knobs

What is the name of the term used to describe pain from a heart attack that is felt in the left arm and shoulder?

Transfer pain

 Referred pain

 Phantom pain

 Cutaneous pain

What is the primary role of muscle fibers?

to shorten or contract

 to remain unchanged

 to expand in size

 to lengthen

What happens in a muscle when lifting a heavy object versus a light object?

no muscle fibers are recruited to do work

 more muscle fibers will be recruited to do work

 the same amount of muscle fibers are recruited for both tasks

 less muscle fibers will be recruited to do work

Why is the sarcolemma important to the muscle fiber?

it provides the covering for the motor neuron and the axon terminal

 it contains the mitochondria, synapse, and receptor sites

 it provides the covering for the muscle fiber and contains receptor sites

 it contains neurotransmitter sacs of ACh and cholinesterase

Why is muscle tone important to human beings overall function?

it allows us to keep or maintain upright posture

 it contributes to most of the heat generated by the body

 it allows us to play the piano efficiently

 it allows us to stay active while we sleep

What happens to creatine phosphate when it is broken down?

it becomes creatine and ADP

 it is converted to creatine kinase

 it transfers its high-energy phosphate bond to ATP

 the energy is removed by the kidneys

Which muscle type has striations present and operates under involuntary control.

cardiac

 skeletal

 smooth

 both skeletal and smooth muscle

What three body systems are directly involved with our muscles response to exercise?

lymphatic system, respiratory system, skeletal system

 respiratory system, nervous system, circulatory system

 endocrine system, nervous system, skeletal system

 cardiovascular system, urinary system, lymphatic system

Which one of the following best describes an antagonistic muscle arrangement?

a muscle that performs most of the work during a movement

 muscles that work together to perform a similar movement

 a muscle that helps to stabilize a joint for accurate movement

 muscles that perform opposing movements to each other

Why is the sarcolemma important to the muscle fiber?

it provides the covering for the motor neuron and the axon terminal

 it contains the mitochondria, synapse, and receptor sites

 it provides the covering for the muscle fiber and contains receptor sites

 it contains neurotransmitter sacs of ACh and cholinesterase

What is the name given to muscles that work together to perform a similar function?

prime movers

 synergists

 antagonists

 stabilizers

Which definition best describes the muscular action of extension?

to move a bone around its axis

 to move toward the midline of the body

 to increase or open a joint angle

 to point the toes or lower the foot

What is the overall purpose of muscle activation?

to produce movement by pulling on bone

 to stop movement by resisting other muscles

 to know what the limbs are doing in space

 to produce heat by pulling on joints

Which one of the following best describes muscle tendons?

They attach muscles to muscles, the insertion point is the more movable bone, and they are made of adipose tissue.

 They serve to attach muscles to bone, the insertion point is the more immovable bone & they are made of fibrous connective tissue.

 They serve to attach muscles to bone, the origin point is the more immovable (or stationary) bone & they are made of fibrous connective tissue.

 They serve to attach muscles to ligaments, the insertion point is the more movable bone, and they are made of adipose tissue.

Which structure of the central nervous system is responsible for subconscious vital body functions?

brainstem

 occipital lobe

 temporal lobe

 frontal lobe

What part of the brain assists the cerebrum in planning and coordinating skeletal muscle activity?

Cerebellum

 Parietal Lobe

 Temporal Lobe

 Occipital Lobe

Which structure carries impulses away from the cell body of a neuron?

axon

 dendrites

 Schwann cells

 oligodendrites

What type of neuroglial cell is responsible for destroying pathogens?

Astrocytes

 Oligodendrocytes

 Schwann cells

 Microglia

What are the components of the central nervous system?

cranial nerves and spinal nerves

 brain and spinal cord

 cranial nerves and brain

 spinal nerves and spinal cord

What ion enters the neuron cell membrane following a stimulus?

Na+

 K+

 Ca+

 Cl-

How many divisions comprise the autonomic nervous system?

2

 4

 6

 12

Which division is responsible for carrying incoming sensory pathways?

afferent division

 efferent division

 somatic motor division

 visceral motor division

Which region of the spinal canal would a sample of cerebral spinal fluid be drawn for testing for a bacterial infection?

subarachnoid space

 subdural space

 pia mater

 sagittal sinus

What is the main function of a myelin sheath?

To protect neurons against bacterial infections.

 To function as a neurotransmitter.

 To insulate nerve impulses.

 To produce Schwann cells.

Which meningeal layer is the outermost?

dura mater

 arachnoid membrane

 pia mater

 myelin sheath

What structure connects the tracts of the right and left cerebral hemispheres?

Basal ganglia

 Thalamus

 Corpus callosum

 Hypothalamus

Which part of the brain contains a choroid plexus that forms cerebrospinal fluid?

pons

 ventricles

 cerebelllum

 medulla

Which nerves are located entirely in the central nervous system?

sensory nerves

 motor nerves

 mixed nerves

 interneurons