devry psyc110 midterm exam latest 2016 may

(TCOs 1, 2) Sandi is a single mother living in a project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Sandi’s situation?

Educational psychologist

Psychiatrist

Psychiatric social worker

Counselor

Question 2. Question : (TCO 4) As part of a psychology experiment, Brett decides to measure a person’s “anxiety” by noting the number of blinks a person makes in a 20-minute social interaction with a stranger. Brett appears to have offered a(n) _____ of anxiety.

variable

operational definition

theory

hypothesis

Question 3. Question : (TCOs 2, 3) Phineas Gage tragically had a tamping iron propelled through his head. Both left and right sides of the prefrontal cortex were severely damaged. As a result of the accident, Phineas Gage

died from his injuries.

suffered loss of his arms and legs.

lost his sense of hearing.

suffered a change in personality.

Question 4. Question : (TCOs 2, 3) The function of the neuron’s axon is to

carry messages to other cells.

regulate the neuron’s life processes.

receive messages from neighboring neurons.

insulate against leakage of electrical impulses.

Question 5. Question : (TCOs 2, 3) _____ synapses make it more likely that a neuron will send its message to other neurons, whereas _____ synapses make it less likely that a neuron will send its message.

Excitatory; inhibitory

Inhibitory; excitatory

Augmentation; depletion

Depletion; augmentation

Question 6. Question : (TCO 4) Jamie, a toddler, is making distinctions about various aspects of color in terms of whether it looks red, blue, and so forth. In doing so, she is referring to its

amplitude.

lightness.

hue.

reflection.

Question 7. Question : ( TCO 4) What are the five primary tastes?

Hot, sour, spicy, sweet, origami

Salty, sour, spicy, sweet, tart

Bitter, salty, sour, sweet, umami

Peppery, salty, sour, sweet, acidic

Question 8. Question : (TCO 4) Suppose your town is located in a valley. Obviously, you’ll realize that the size of your town doesn’t change regardless of whether you look at it up close or from a hilltop. This is primarily due to

size constancy.

color constancy.

retinal disparity.

stereopsis.

Question 9. Question : (TCO 5) Sid is taking part in research on the effects of sleep deprivation; he has been without sleep for 75 hours. Right now, researchers have asked him to sit in front of a computer screen and hit a button each time he sees the letter S on the screen. A few days ago, Sid was a whiz at this task; however, he is doing very poorly today. How are sleep researchers likely to explain Sid’s poor performance?

Due to the sleep deprivation, Sid does not understand the task.

Microsleeps are occurring due to the sleep deprivation and he is asleep for brief periods of time.

He is determined to ruin the research because of the suffering he is enduring at the hands of the researchers.

He is probably dreaming that he is somewhere else and has no interest in responding to the “here and now.”

Question 10. Question : (TCO 5) A client tells his therapist about a dream of riding on a train with his boss. At the end of the journey, the boss gets off the train at a terminal. The content of this dream, as related by the client to the therapist, is what Freud called its _____.

primary content

manifest content

secondary content

latent content

Question 11. Question : (TCO 5) A client tells his therapist about a dream in which he drives his wife to the airport where she boards a plane. As the plane takes off, he is smiling. The therapist says the dream suggests a desire for a divorce. The therapist’s interpretation represents what Sigmund Freud called the dream’s ________.

deep content

latent content

manifest content

subliminal content

Question 12. Question : (TCOs 7, 8) Kelsey just told her family a really funny joke that she made up herself. In order to use a primary reinforcer to encourage her in her joke-telling, Kelsey’s dad might

offer her money.

applaud her appropriate behavior.

offer her praise for a job well done.

offer her a piece of candy.

Question 13. Question : (TCOs 7, 8) John has been working on a math problem late at night without success; he falls asleep. Upon awakening, John suddenly realizes how to answer the problem. This best illustrates which of the following?

Observational learning

Latent learning

Insight learning

Cognitive learning

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?

Question 1. Question : (TCOs 7, 8) Dad is watching a home improvement show about how to install a new sink. He really wants to do it and watches the show intently. He knows that his wife will reward him when he is done. However, when he tests the new sink, water spurts everywhere. Taking the new sink apart, he finds that he has left out the crucial washers in the faucet assembly even though this was emphasized in the TV show. What part of Bandura’s theory of the necessary components of observational learning is most likely the reason for this disaster?

Attention

Memory

Imitation

Motivation

Question 2. Question : (TCO 7) Suzy looks up from her lunch, realizing that Jacques has just said something to her. What was it? Oh, yes, he has just asked her if she wants to go to the movies. Suzy’s ability to retrieve what Jacques said is due to her

iconic sensory memory.

echoic sensory memory.

short-term memory.

tactile sensory memory.

Question 3. Question : (TCO 7) Adrianna is trying to memorize the names of the bones in the hand. She had gone through a list of them when her phone rang. After she gets off the phone, she is MOST likely to remember the first few bone names because of the

elaboration effect.

recency effect.

primacy effect.

maintenance effect.

Question 4. Question : (TCO 7) Under most circumstances, when you are intentionally trying to remember an item of information, _____ is an easier task than _____.

recognition; recall

recall; recognition

priming; the savings method

the savings method; priming

Question 5. Question : (TCO 8) Seventy percent of the students in a classroom are women and 30 percent are men. One student is described as ambitious, athletic, and assertive. Why are most people likely to think this description refers to a male student?

They are using the availability heuristic.

They are using the representativeness heuristic.

People seek only confirming information.

People tend to make relative comparisons.

Question 6. Question : (TCO 8) Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart. Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together. Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores, if either?

Tim and Jim

Ned and Ed

It is impossible to answer based on the given information.

All twins have the same IQ.

Question 7. Question : (TCO 9) A famed psychologist claims that motivated behaviors result from an effort to reduce tension caused by bodily needs, such as hunger or thirst. This psychologist’s philosophy most closely matches the _____ theory.

reciprocity

homeostatic

needs

drive-reduction

Question 8. Question : (TCO 9) Jack said, “I want to rule the world.” What type of need is this?

Need for achievement

Need for affiliation

Need for power

Need for sex

Question 9. Question : (TCO 9) Michael has trained very long hours in order to qualify for the Olympics in diving. He has sacrificed a great deal because he put his education on hold and spent a lot of time away from his two small children and wife. To Michael, qualifying for the Olympics is a(n)

instinctual drive.

incentive.

innate goal.

optimum goal.

Question 10. Question : (TCO 11) Carolyn took home some printer paper from the office. Later, she felt guilty for stealing it, so she brought some paper to work to replace what she took. Freud would suggest that Carolyn’s _____ was influencing her motives and behavior.

id

unconscious mind

ego

superego

Question 11. Question : (TCO 11) What was the basis for Freud’s development of his theory of the Oedipus conflict?

He did not believe that the stories his female patients told about having been sexually abused by their fathers and other family members were real memories.

He felt that we were biologically prewired to go through this conflict at certain ages, regardless of our surroundings or experience.

He felt that women, by definition, were born neurotic and the Oedipus conflict gave value to that belief.

He observed that all women were unconsciously angry at their own children and developed the theory of the Oedipus conflict as a result.

Question 12. Question : (TCO 11) Travis is a participant in the X-Games every year, which features events that are high-flying and exhilarating to watch or participate in, but also very dangerous to the competitors. Because Travis is willing to take chances with his health to get the adrenaline rush from these sorts of events, Cost and McCrae would argue that he ranks high on which of the five factors?

Openness

Neuroticism

Conscientiousness

Extraversion

(TCOs 2, 3, 4) Describe how sound waves become nerve impulses as they enter the ear. How are the important characteristics of sound coded?

Question 2. Question : (TCOs 5, 7) Describe Pavlov’s classical conditioning studies in terms of the UCS, UCR, CS, CR, and his results. Briefly discuss two examples of classical conditioning in your own life, naming the UCS, UCR, CS, and CR.

Question 3. Question : (TCOs 7, 8) Agatha Harkness-Smythe is determined to ban guns in the United States. This is a controversial topic and social scientists have debated whether the ownership of guns by citizens increases or decreases crime. Agatha could go the library and research this, using the social science literature. Instead, Agatha just reads the local newspaper and only cuts out articles about robberies where the “bad guy” used a firearm. Agatha is using a heuristic device that is impeding or obstructing her thinking. Define this heuristic device. What might be a better way for her to examine the issue and avoid this mistake?

Question 4. Question : (TCOs 9, 11 ) Why does Freudian theory garner so much criticism? What are some positive qualities of Freud’s theory that might describe behavior in the twenty-first century?

Question 5. Question : (TCOs 7, 8) What is meant by a flashbulb memory? Describe its characteristics. Give an example that is well-known. Some psychologists are not impressed by these well-known examples of this phenomenon. What are some of the criticisms of the idea of flashbulb memory?