Devry Poli330 final exam 2017 (3 sets)

Set 1

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Historians and political scientists are different because historians _____ and political scientists _____.

Chapter 1, page 5 (Points : 2)

are reluctant to generalize; look for generalizations

look for generalizations; are reluctant to generalize

are more likely to look for comparisons; focus on differences

tend to focus on nature-based explanations; focus on nurture-based explanations

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Which are both true for most politicians? (Points : 2)

They think practically and are skeptical of power

They seek popularity and hold firm views

They offer single causes and think abstractly

They seek accuracy and offer long-term consequences

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) When people base their views on beliefs that may not be based in reality, they are behaving _____. (Points : 2)

irrationally

rationally

politically

legitimately

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) _____ is the use of public office for private gain. (Points : 2)

Sovereignty

Corruption

Authority

Legitimacy

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) The notion that you respect the U.S. Congress, even though it is controlled by a party with which you do not agree, pertains to _____. (Points : 2)

sovereignty

authority

legitimacy

monarchy

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the best example of theory? (Points : 2)

People join groups because of an innate desire to be with others who have similar views.

Democratic governments last longer than non-Democratic governments.

Republicans are older than Democrats.

Corruption is rampant in government.

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) _____ refers to something based on observable evidence. (Points : 2)

Quantification

Hypothesis

Qualification

Empirical

Question 8.8. (TCO 4) The English common law stressed the rights of free and equal men and was developed on the basis of precedent set by earlier judges, known today as _____. (Points : 2)

judge-made law

judicial precedent

example by trial

court generated

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) Under which of the following circumstances might a case be pursued as both a criminal and a civil case? (Points : 2)

A state accuses banks of mortgage fraud, sold to investors elsewhere in the nation.

Drug traffickers violate property and federal law by moving drugs across state borders.

Burglars violate federal property and the state sues them for damages.

The federal government accuses a food manufacture of unsafe food practices and consumers injured by their product sue them.

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Describe the significance of Marbury v. Madison. (Points : 2)

The ruling laid precedent for judicial review.

The ruling stated that the president is subject to the court’s decisions.

The ruling decreed that current administrations must honor the appointments of previous administrations.

The ruling claimed that federal taxes could not be levied on the states.

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system? (Points : 2)

The president and the Senate

The Senate and the House

The president and Speaker of the House

The Senate and the Secretary of State

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) How does the American concept of judicial review compare to the role of courts in foreign systems? (Points : 2)

Most countries maintain a similar process of judicial review, which evaluates federal laws against the nation’s constitution.

Judicial review is more highly developed in the United States than in any other country, and Americans expect more of their courts than do other peoples.

The United States is the only developed nation to maintain the process of judicial review.

Most foreign constitutions are exempt from judicial review, stripping the courts of any power they might have in shaping legislation.

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Examine the ideal role of American judges. (Points : 2)

Judges should intervene frequently, interpreting the law according to their expertise and ensuring a fair trial.

Judges should act as umpires, passively watching the legal drama and ruling only on disputed points of procedure.

Judges should not intervene unless attorneys object, at which point they may either overrule or sustain the objection.

Judges should take an active role, questioning witnesses, eliciting evidence, and commenting on procedure.

Question 14.14. (TCO 4) In Lombard v. Louisiana (1963), the Warren Court supported _____, ruling that blacks who had refused to leave a segregated lunch counter could not be prosecuted. (Points : 2)

boycotts

sit-ins

picket lines

protests

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? (Points : 2)

Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure.

Power must be distributed by the working class.

Power should be concentrated among the lower classes.

Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad.

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) How often does the cabinet change in a parliamentary system? (Points : 2)

Every 4 years

Every 6 years

Every 8 years

When the cabinet is voted out or resigns

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) Because of the separation of powers inherent in a presidential system, some scholars think that executive-legislative _____ is common in systems like that used in the United States. (Points : 2)

cooperation

stagnation

deadlock

insolvency

Question 18.18. (TCO 5) Who directly calls forth the leader of the largest party to take office with a cabinet and become the prime minister? (Points : 2)

The voters

Parliament

The monarch

The House of Commons

Page 2

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) The only political system that could guarantee the cooperation between the legislative and executive branches is _____. (Points : 2)

a monarchy

a dictatorship

a democracy

an oligarchy

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) In the case of both parliamentary and presidential systems, examine the reason democracies will not vanish, even though the executive seems to be receiving more and more power. (Points : 2)

Checks and balances keep the chief executive from gaining too much power.

Chief executives will eventually have to face reelection, which depends greatly on the approval of voting citizens.

Both systems have methods by which to oust chief executives.

Subordinates carry out some of the workload of the chief executive.

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Describe how the United States expands its cabinet. (Points : 2)

The president can create a new department at his or her will.

Congress must agree on the new department and provisions for its funds must be made.

In order for a new department to be developed, a former one must be deleted.

New departments are no longer developed.

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____,”which is a hard sell these days. (Points : 2)

late capitalism

Marxism

pure market system

utilitarianism

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) Describe British economist John Maynard Keynes’ proposal to cure economic depressions. (Points : 2)

Keynes suggested infusing the economy with government funds to promote spending.

Keynes advocated for “trickle-down” economic policies.

Keynes argued for stronger stimulus packages to corporations and small businesses.

Keynes proposed to cure depressions by dampening the swings of the business cycle.

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) What event is largely considered responsible for deterring Johnson’s War on Poverty? (Points : 2)

Great Society

Vietnam War

Middle-class entitlements

Tax expenditures

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Differentiate between the rising costs of Medicare and Medicaid. (Points : 2)

Medicare anticipates rising costs due to changing proportions of people over 65.

Medicaid expects rising costs due to looming financial busts.

Medicare plans to keep spending down by raising the eligibility age to 69.

Medicaid hopes to beat rising costs by adjusting the poverty level.

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) Why are many politicians wary about limiting Social Security and Medicare expenses? (Points : 2)

Many would be left without enough to support them.

Caps to these programs would undermine the welfare state.

It can cost them votes.

Both are primary social safety nets.

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) How might Americans’ reluctance toward entitlement programs benefit them in the long run? (Points : 2)

Citizens will pay lower taxes, stimulating the economy via “trickle-down” economics.

Entitlement programs are complex and inefficient; our government will save time and money by proceeding with caution.

Americans can justify raising the debt ceiling through entitlement programs, so long as they are wary of the choices they make.

Government subsidies to businesses, rather than spending on welfare programs, will help the United States generate revenue and reduce overall spending.

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Many conservative economists argue that some banks are _____, because they would topple the rest of the economy with them. (Points : 2)

inherently successful

too big to fail

destined for profit

practically invincible

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) Rarely the work of small bands and conspirators alone, _____ are usually the result of system collapse, which permits small but well-organized groups (often military) to take over. (Points : 2)

the erosion of legitimacy

acts of genocide

dictatorships

coups d’état

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) What is the relationship between a high sense of government legitimacy among the people and police officers when legitimacy is high? (Points : 2)

Spending on policing is low.

There are fewer police interfering in civilian life.

Fewer police are needed.

The police must use a particularly heavy hand.

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) Why might a period of prosperity bring about revolution? (Points : 2)

When people move in and out of poverty, they have no hope for the future, and so see nothing to lose in rebelling.

When things improve for the wealthy, they start imagining an even better future. No longer content with their already luxurious lot, they want improvement faster than even a growing economy can deliver.

When things improve for the poor, they realize just how bad they’ve had it and their anger is unleashed.

When things improve for the poor, people start imagining a better future. No longer content with their lot, they want improvement faster than even a growing economy can deliver.

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) What are the aims of terrorists via their calculated acts of terrorism? (Points : 2)

To panic their enemies, to gain publicity and recruits, and to get the foe to overreact and drive more people to side with the terrorists

To destroy as much of the economic strength of a nation as possible

To kill national leaders

To kill their enemies, to gain recruits, and to get the UN to overreact and cause more people to side with the terrorists

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) According to Hannah Arendt, the American struggle was indeed a revolution, perhaps history’s only complete revolution, _____. (Points : 2)

because it alone ended with democratic institutions.

because it became an example for other nations.

because it managed to route what was then the great world power.

because it alone ended with a new foundation of liberty instead of the tyranny that came after other revolutions.

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) The United States hesitated supporting the _____ revolutions because it feared they would fall under extremist influences. (Points : 2)

Cuban

Arab Spring

Iranian

“velvet”

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage? (Points : 2)

The low level of education in developing nations

The enormous economic mismanagement in industrialized nations

The extreme violence utilized by industrialized nations against developing nations

The massive corruption now found in developing lands

1. (TCO 2) Evaluate Aristotle’s six types of government. In doing so, please be sure to list and define the categorizations. Please then assess how these classifications can be useful today to someone analyzing current governmental structures. (Points : 40)
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Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Compare and contrast single-member districts and proportional representation (PR). How effective is each electoral system in representing its people’s interests? How does each support the party system around which it arose? Please be sure to use examples from within the U.S. and UK systems to support your response. (Points : 40)
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Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) The United States has utilized multiple forms of liberalism throughout its history. Please distinguish the specific characteristics of classical and modern liberalism and outline the evolution of these forms of liberalism within the United States. Please be sure to include specific historic examples to support your points. (Points : 40)
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Question 4. 4. (TCO 8) Today’s world seems to be moving beyond sovereignty and toward supranational leadership to cooperate on issues of global importance. What are some of these issues? How might they be solved through supranational cooperation? Does such cooperation impede the sovereignty of independent nations? Please sure to include specific examples in supporting your points. (Points : 40)
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SET 2

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Politics could be referred to the “master science” because politics _____. (Points : 2)

predates the other social sciences

is more rigorous compared to other social sciences

is more difficult to study than other social sciences

relates to other social sciences

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Which are both true for most political scientists? (Points : 2)

They think practically and seek accuracy

They seek popularity and are skeptical of power

They offer single causes and think abstractly

They are skeptical of power and offer long-term consequences

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Rationality is based on which of the following? (Points : 2)

Reason

Myth

Culture

Biology

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) Which of the following best exemplifies sovereignty? (Points : 2)

The United States negotiating a trade agreement with Canada

The people of France acknowledging the authority of their president

Israel asserting jurisdiction over the Gaza Strip

President Obama having the support of the people who elected him

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) The notion that you respect the U.S. Congress, even though it is controlled by a party with which you do not agree, pertains to _____. (Points : 2)

sovereignty

authority

legitimacy

monarchy

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the best example of theory? (Points : 2)

People join groups because of an innate desire to be with others who have similar views.

Democratic governments last longer than non-Democratic governments.

Republicans are older than Democrats.

Corruption is rampant in government.

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) The term for measuring with numbers is _____. (Points : 2)

quantifying

hypothesis

qualifying

empirical

Question 8.8. (TCO 4) Unlike natural law, positive law uses _____. (Points : 2)

the spirit of the law to make determinations

books to reach conclusions

judicial sentencing to determine case outcomes

jury selection to manipulate judgment

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) Which of the following issues is a civil concern? (Points : 2)

Extortion

Theft

Divorce

Trafficking

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Which of the following is an important role of U.S. courts and their greatest contribution to governance? (Points : 2)

Ensure that statutory laws do not violate the constitution

Protect individual rights and liberties

Guarantee administrative usages do not get out of hand

Judicial review

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) Who nominates and approves federal judges in the U.S. court system? (Points : 2)

The president and the Senate

The Senate and the House

The president and Speaker of the House

The Senate and the Secretary of State

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) Which of the following was an argument against granting the U.S. Supreme Court the power of judicial review? (Points : 2)

Many feared that such a power would give the court a double check and compromise its neutrality.

Some thought that such power would create untrustworthy judges.

The founders argued that judicial review would lead to undue indictments by the court.

Drafters of the Constitution feared that few laws would ever be set in stone.

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Examine the ideal role of American judges. (Points : 2)

Judges should intervene frequently, interpreting the law according to their expertise and ensuring a fair trial.

Judges should act as umpires, passively watching the legal drama and ruling only on disputed points of procedure.

Judges should not intervene unless attorneys object, at which point they may either overrule or sustain the objection.

Judges should take an active role, questioning witnesses, eliciting evidence, and commenting on procedure.

Question 14.14. (TCO 4) The Supreme Court’s decision in _____ (1954) triggered a revolution in American race relations, an area Congress had been unwilling to touch. (Points : 2)

Miranda v. Arizona

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Brown v. Board of Education

Gibbons v. Ogden

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? (Points : 2)

Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure.

Power must be distributed by the working class.

Power should be concentrated among the lower classes.

Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad.

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to the U.S. _____. (Points : 2)

administration

Congress

President

legislature

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) Because of the separation of powers inherent in a presidential system, some scholars think that executive-legislative _____ is common in systems like that used in the United States. (Points : 2)

cooperation

stagnation

deadlock

insolvency

Question 18.18. (TCO 5) The head of ministry is equivalent to the _____ in the United States. (Points : 2)

chief of government

head of state

departmental secretary

premier

Page 2

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) When it comes to electing officials, which factor matters the most to voters in both presidential and parliamentary elections? (Points : 2)

Party affiliation

Political ideologies

Money invested in campaign

Personality

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) In the case of both parliamentary and presidential systems, examine the reason democracies will not vanish, even though the executive seems to be receiving more and more power. (Points : 2)

Checks and balances keep the chief executive from gaining too much power.

Chief executives will eventually have to face reelection, which depends greatly on the approval of voting citizens.

Both systems have methods by which to oust chief executives.

Subordinates carry out some of the workload of the chief executive.

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Describe how the United States expands its cabinet. (Points : 2)

The president can create a new department at his or her will.

Congress must agree on the new department and provisions for its funds must be made.

In order for a new department to be developed, a former one must be deleted.

New departments are no longer developed.

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____ to describe their critique of capitalism and the inequitable distribution of wealth among nations. (Points : 2)

Marxism

laissez-faire

public choice

Keynesian

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) Early 20th-century European governments subscribed to _____ doctrines, generally keeping their hands away from the economy. (Points : 2)

classic liberal

inflationary

neoclassical

Smithian

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) Between 1965 and 1973, the percentage of Americans living below the poverty line _____. (Points : 2)

doubled

greatly decreased

slightly increased

rapidly increased

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Which of the following is an increasing financial concern of the Medicare program? (Points : 2)

The proportion of older people in American society is increasing steadily.

Every American citizen on reaching 65 obtains Medicare, regardless of class.

Economic inequality renders Medicare more necessary for some than for others.

Wealthy Americans are taking advantage of the Medicare system.

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.” (Points : 2)

democratic

compassionate

bureaucratic

incoherent

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) How might Americans’ reluctance toward entitlement programs benefit them in the long run? (Points : 2)

Citizens will pay lower taxes, stimulating the economy via “trickle-down” economics.

Entitlement programs are complex and inefficient; our government will save time and money by proceeding with caution.

Americans can justify raising the debt ceiling through entitlement programs, so long as they are wary of the choices they make.

Government subsidies to businesses, rather than spending on welfare programs, will help the United States generate revenue and reduce overall spending.

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Investigate what historically happens to conservatives when firms are supposedly “too big to fail.” (Points : 2)

Conservatives argue for expensive bail-out packages.

Most conservatives suggest letting the free market run its course.

Most argue against expensive stimulus packages.

They switch parties.

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) Rarely the work of small bands and conspirators alone, _____ are usually the result of system collapse, which permits small but well-organized groups (often military) to take over. (Points : 2)

the erosion of legitimacy

acts of genocide

dictatorships

coups d’état

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) Riots triggered by police beating youths, protests against globalization, and labor strikes against austerity are all examples of _____. (Points : 2)

purely traditional violence

issue-oriented violence

violence carried out by civilian institutions of government

coups

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) What is likely to happen if the people are unhappy and there is no organization to focus their discontent? (Points : 2)

They will almost surely turn to violence.

Not much will happen.

The people will organize themselves, regardless.

They will eventually find other means of achieving contentedness.

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) What are the aims of terrorists via their calculated acts of terrorism? (Points : 2)

To panic their enemies, to gain publicity and recruits, and to get the foe to overreact and drive more people to side with the terrorists

To destroy as much of the economic strength of a nation as possible

To kill national leaders

To kill their enemies, to gain recruits, and to get the UN to overreact and cause more people to side with the terrorists

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) What is the crux of radical revolutionary thinking? (Points : 2)

An economic plan to back up political ideas

Belief that it is possible to remake society

Belief that violence is the key to change

A purely ideological motive

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) Does terrorism work? (Points : 2)

Rarely, and seldom without political and/or economic pressure

Rarely, but primarily when brought against democratic nations

Often, and without much need for political pressure to aid it

Often, but only with the assistance of economic and/or political pressure

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Hannah Arendt pointed out that rage is the fuel of revolution, but what is now the greatest cause of rage? (Points : 2)

The low level of education in developing nations

The enormous economic mismanagement in industrialized nations

The extreme violence utilized by industrialized nations against developing nations

The massive corruption now found in developing landsPage 3

Question 1. 1. (TCO 2) What types of states are most likely to become authoritarian? Why? Along the same lines, what authoritarian states have been most likely to democratize? Under what circumstances does this democratization occur and why? Based on previous findings, describe one country you think is likely to democratize in the near future. (Points : 40)

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Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Compare and contrast interest groups and political parties. In your response, be sure to provide examples their similarities and differences. In addition, please assess what advantages interest groups offer that political parties don’t and then what advantages d political parties offer that interest groups don’t. (Points : 40)

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Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) Socialism has evolved over the centuries from Karl Marx’s original purposed theories. The first change took place with Leninism, and now many liberal societies incorporate a mild form of socialism referred to as social democracy. Your analysis should include a comparison of these forms of government and explain how and why socialism split into these several varieties. (Points : 40)

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Question 4. 4. (TCO 8) Today’s world seems to be moving beyond sovereignty and toward supranational leadership to cooperate on issues of global importance. What are some of these issues? How might they be solved through supranational cooperation? Does such cooperation impede the sovereignty of independent nations? Please sure to include specific examples in supporting your points. (Points : 40)

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Attachments area

SET 3

Question 1.1. (TCO 1) Historians and political scientists are different because historians _____ and political scientists _____.

Chapter 1, page 5 (Points : 2)

are reluctant to generalize; look for generalizations

look for generalizations; are reluctant to generalize

are more likely to look for comparisons; focus on differences

tend to focus on nature-based explanations; focus on nurture-based explanations

Question 2.2. (TCO 1) The notion that politicians think practically and political scientists think abstractly is indicative of which of the following? (Points : 2)

Political scientists often train politicians.

Politicians often train political scientists.

Political scientists and politicians are different in that the former studies the latter.

Political scientists and politicians are often indistinguishable.

Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Voting for someone who is charismatic but whose policies might not benefit you would be considered _____ behavior. (Points : 2)

irrational

rational

legitimate

selfish

Question 4.4. (TCO 1) A political leader’s ability to command respect and exercise power is known as _____. (Points : 2)

sovereignty

corruption

authority

legitimacy

Question 5.5. (TCO 1) The notion that you respect the U.S. Congress, even though it is controlled by a party with which you do not agree, pertains to _____. (Points : 2)

sovereignty

authority

legitimacy

monarchy

Question 6.6. (TCO 1) Descriptions of political phenomena often lack _____. (Points : 2)

rationality

reasoning

theory

balance

Question 7.7. (TCO 1) A(n) _____ is an initial theory a researcher starts with to be proved with evidence. (Points : 2)

quantification

hypothesis

qualification

empirical

Question 8.8. (TCO 4) What type of law—which was developed by medieval Catholic theologians—argues that observing nature reveals God’s will? (Points : 2)

Natural law

Divine law

God’s law

Higher law

Question 9.9. (TCO 4) Under which of the following circumstances might a case be pursued as both a criminal and a civil case? (Points : 2)

The federal government accuses investment houses of wrongdoing and investors who lost money sue them.

Drug traffickers violate property and federal law by moving drugs across state borders.

Burglars violate federal property and the state sues them for damages.

A state accuses banks of mortgage fraud in mortgages sold to investors elsewhere in the nation.

Question 10.10. (TCO 4) Which of the following is an important role of U.S. courts and their greatest contribution to governance? (Points : 2)

Ensure that statutory laws do not violate the constitution

Protect individual rights and liberties

Guarantee administrative usages do not get out of hand

Judicial review

Question 11.11. (TCO 4) What legal agency in the United States generates reputation-based ratings of prospective federal judges? (Points : 2)

Judicial Ratings Bureau

Federal Bureau of Judicial Review

American Bar Association

Office of Legal Assessment

Question 12.12. (TCO 4) How does the American concept of judicial review compare to the role of courts in foreign systems? (Points : 2)

Most countries maintain a similar process of judicial review, which evaluates federal laws against the nation’s constitution.

Judicial review is more highly developed in the United States than in any other country, and Americans expect more of their courts than do other peoples.

The United States is the only developed nation to maintain the process of judicial review.

Most foreign constitutions are exempt from judicial review, stripping the courts of any power they might have in shaping legislation.

Question 13.13. (TCO 4) Describe the primary jurisdiction of the U.S. Supreme Court. (Points : 2)

It makes initial rulings on all federal cases, whether civil or criminal.

It rules on high penalty cases, including those with life sentences and the death penalty.

Its jurisdiction is almost entirely appellate, from lower federal or state supreme courts.

Its jurisdiction is broad, ranging from appellate rulings to original rulings in federal crimes.

Question 14.14. (TCO 4) In Lombard v. Louisiana (1963), the Warren Court supported _____, ruling that blacks who had refused to leave a segregated lunch counter could not be prosecuted. (Points : 2)

boycotts

sit-ins

picket lines

protests

Question 15.15. (TCO 5) Countries with limits on government have usually had feudal pasts, which suggests what about the dispersion of power? (Points : 2)

Equal distribution of power is the only effective political structure.

Power must be distributed by the working class.

Power should be concentrated among the lower classes.

Dispersion of power is good and concentration of power is bad.

Question 16.16. (TCO 5) In Europe, a cabinet is equivalent to the U.S. _____. (Points : 2)

administration

Congress

President

legislature

Question 17.17. (TCO 5) What is the effect of divided government, such as that used in the United States, on spending and policy formation? (Points : 2)

It encourages unhealthy spending and foolish policies.

It holds down spending and foolish policies.

It encourages irresponsible spending because representatives are held accountable for only a short amount of time.

It encourages responsible spending, but is slow to implement policy.

Question 18.18. (TCO 5) Each division of government in a parliamentary system is headed by a _____. (Points : 2)

secretary

president

prime minister

minister

Page 2

Question 1.1. (TCO 5) The only political system that could guarantee the cooperation between the legislative and executive branches is _____. (Points : 2)

a monarchy

a dictatorship

a democracy

an oligarchy

Question 2.2. (TCO 5) Who receives the most attention in both parliamentary and presidential systems? (Points : 2)

Head of state

Chief executive

The legislature

Voting citizens

Question 3.3. (TCO 5) Explain which type of candidate parliamentary systems seek out to become ministers. (Points : 2)

Those who have experience winning elections and serving on a parliamentary committee

Newcomers who can bring in a fresh perspective to the ministry

Individuals who possess a great knowledge of the specific ministry’s area

Those who have political experience regardless of whether or not they have been elected in the past

Question 4.4. (TCO 7) Radicals use the term political economy instead of _____,”which is a hard sell these days. (Points : 2)

late capitalism

Marxism

pure market system

utilitarianism

Question 5.5. (TCO 7) How do Keynesian economic policies differ from the traditional laissez-faire policies developed by Adam Smith? (Points : 2)

Laissez-faire advocates for “cutthroat” capitalism, and Keynesian policies seek to spread wealth equally among a nation’s citizens.

Keynesian economics advocate for increased government control of economics, and traditional laissez-faire argues for a hands-free approach.

Smithian policies advocate for increased spending and stimuli for government-run businesses, and Keynesian economics argues for a hands-free approach.

The more liberal Smithian economies distribute wealth more evenly among society, and Keynesian economics tends to distribute wealth among the top 1%.

Question 6.6. (TCO 7) What event is largely considered responsible for deterring Johnson’s War on Poverty? (Points : 2)

Great Society

Vietnam War

Middle-class entitlements

Tax expenditures

Question 7.7. (TCO 7) Medical costs consume nearly _____ % of the U.S. gross domestic product, most of it paid through government and private health insurance. (Points : 2)

11

18

22

26

Question 8.8. (TCO 7) According to political scientist Ira Sharkansky, “All modern states are welfare states, and all welfare states are _____.” (Points : 2)

democratic

compassionate

bureaucratic

incoherent

Question 9.9. (TCO 7) How does the American welfare state compare to those of other industrialized nations? (Points : 2)

Much less is allocated to welfare in the United States.

Other nations allocate less to welfare than the United States.

The United States allocates about the same to welfare.

Few nations besides the United States maintain funds for welfare.

Question 10.10. (TCO 7) Investigate what historically happens to conservatives when firms are supposedly “too big to fail.” (Points : 2)

Conservatives argue for expensive bail-out packages.

Most conservatives suggest letting the free market run its course.

Most argue against expensive stimulus packages.

They switch parties.

Question 11.11. (TCO 9) What is the most common response to serious domestic unrest? (Points : 2)

Revolution

Coup d’état

Military takeover

UN diplomatic action

Question 12.12. (TCO 9) Riots triggered by police beating youths, protests against globalization, and labor strikes against austerity are all examples of _____. (Points : 2)

purely traditional violence

issue-oriented violence

violence carried out by civilian institutions of government

coups

Question 13.13. (TCO 9) How is high unemployment relevant to civil conflict? (Points : 2)

Unemployed young men incline naturally to unrest.

The unemployed tend to be passive, keeping civil conflict at bay.

Unemployed mothers, desperate for their children, tend to take to the streets.

The unemployed tend to be uninformed about politics, and therefore rarely take part in civil conflict.

Question 14.14. (TCO 9) What about U.S. agencies such as the Department of Homeland Security, the FBI, and the CIA make them so ill prepared to fight terrorism? (Points : 2)

They have extremely different missions when it comes to terrorism.

They are poorly funded.

They have a great deal of red tape to get through in order to be able to communicate.

They are often unwilling to communicate with each other.

Question 15.15. (TCO 9) Which of the following options best describes countries before and after revolutions? (Points : 2)

Before, revolutionary movements are still idealistic and convinced they will bring a better society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers it’s not difficult to make an economy work.

Before, revolutionary movements are still idealistic and convinced they will bring a better society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers it’s a lot harder to make an economy work than it thought.

Before, revolutionary movements believe that a truly committed regime can redo society; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime discovers its ideological ideals are impractical.

Before, revolutionary movements bomb and assassinate in an effort to overthrow corrupt governments; after seizing power, the revolutionary regime almost always finds itself being bombed and in the sights of assassins.

Question 16.16. (TCO 9) Does terrorism work? (Points : 2)

Rarely, and seldom without political and/or economic pressure

Rarely, but primarily when brought against democratic nations

Often, and without much need for political pressure to aid it

Often, but only with the assistance of economic and/or political pressure

Question 17.17. (TCO 9) Why are intellectuals nearly everywhere discontented with the existing state of affairs? (Points : 2)

They are highly educated and acquainted with a variety of ideas, some of them utopian.

They are elitist and can work with neither the people nor the government.

Negative people tend to be attracted to intellectual spheres of life.

Intellectuals are no more discontented with the existing state of affairs than the rest of the population.

Page 3

Question 1. 1. (TCO 2) Evaluate Aristotle’s six types of government. In doing so, please be sure to list and define the categorizations. Please then assess how these classifications can be useful today to someone analyzing current governmental structures. (Points : 40)

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Question 2. 2. (TCO 3) Explain the relationship between electoral systems and party systems. Answers should be sure to assess this question from the perspective of both proportional representation and single-member districts and provide examples to support your points. (Points : 40)

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Question 3. 3. (TCO 6) Socialism has evolved over the centuries from Karl Marx’s original purposed theories. The first change took place with Leninism, and now many liberal societies incorporate a mild form of socialism referred to as social democracy. Your analysis should include a comparison of these forms of government and explain how and why socialism split into these several varieties. (Points : 40)

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Question 4. 4. (TCO 8) The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established to bring justice to those committing crimes against humanity, war crimes, or genocide. It was established as an extension of the Rome Statute, and only has jurisdiction over countries that signed this treaty. At this time, the United States is not part of this agreement, and thus does not fall under its jurisdiction. Construct an argument for joining such a treaty, detailing the benefits that international treaties may offer their members and which also addresses the possible public concerns over the loss of national sovereignty. (Points : 40)

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