Devry Math325 week 7 ilab

MATH325Lab 6

Using Minitab to Solve Nonparametric Problems

The steps required for completing the deliverables for this assignment (screen shots that correspond to these instructions can be found immediately following them).Complete the questions below and paste the answers from Minitab below each question (type your answers to the questions where noted). Therefore, your response to the lab will be this ONE document submitted to the Dropbox.

Context (remember that statistics are far more than numbers or values – you need to know the context to perform a good analysis!).

Study: A nurse practitioner is studying the effect of blood sugar (glucose) control, which involves collecting the average daily AC & QHS (fasting) blood sugar levels of the patients to determine if there is a relationship between these and the patients’ Hemoglobin A1C level. She hypothesizes that good blood sugar control will result in ideal Hemoglobin A1C levels and inadequate control of the patients’ blood sugar will result in high Hemoglobin A1C levels.

She also tracks other factors that may contribute to the patients’ control of their blood sugar such as carbohydrate intake, age, frequency of glucose checks, and insurance coverage of diabetic supplies.

Hemoglobin: Ideal Hemoglobin A1C levels for diabetes patients are 6 or 7, a value of 8 or 9 merits concern, values 10 and up are considered severely uncontrolled, while values less than 6 are rare in diabetic patients. 4 and 5 can be found normally in patients that are not diabetic.

Blood Sugar: Glucose levels under 70 are considered low, between 70 and 110 is considered normal, 111 to 170 is considered moderately high, and values above 170 are considered high. There is some debate on the cut points, however, these are the values used to categorize glucose levels in this study.

Glucose _Range: This is a categorical variable describing the group into which the patients’ glucose level places them: low, normal, moderately high, and high.

Glucose_Group: This is a numeric variable containing the same information as the Glucose_Range, however, the numeric value assigned to each group can be used in analysis that requires a ratio or interval level of measurement. Low is assigned a 1, Normal is assigned a 2, Moderately High is assigned a 3, and High is assigned a 4.

Carbohydrates: Diabetic patients try to consume 14 servings of carbohydrates daily where each serving is approximately 15 grams. This study tracks the average grams of carbohydrates consumed on a daily basis by these patients.

Age_Range: This is a Categorical Variable where each patient is classified by age: under 10, 11 – 16, 17 – 25, 26 – 40, 41 – 60, and over 60.

Age_Group: This is a numeric variable that contains the same information as the Age_Range, however, the numeric value assigned to each group can be used in analysis that requires a ratio or interval level of measurement. Each patient is classified by age: under 10 is assigned a 0, 11 – 16 is assigned a 1, 17 – 25 is assigned a 2, 26 – 40 is assigned a 3, 41 – 60 is assigned a 4, and over 60 is assigned a 5.

Insurance: This is a categorical variable that describes if the patient’s insurance covers diabetic supplies. Yes/No.

Insurance_Group: This is a numeric variable that describes the same information as the Insurance variable; however, the numeric value assigned to each group can be used in analysis that requires a ratio or interval level of measurement. Yes is assigned a 1 and No is assigned a 0.

Frequency: This numeric variable describes how many daily checks of their glucose level are typically performed on a given day for each diabetic patient.

View the Minitab tutorial on Cross Tabulation and Chi-Square Tests.The Cross Tabulation tutorial can be found by going to the Help menu in Minitab, select Tables then Cross Tabulation and Chi-Square. Read through Uses, Data and How To in the Tutorial window.

Note: The data files referenced in the tutorial are available in DocSharingfile (Minitab_Sample DataSets_HelpMenu). I suggest you print out the steps needed to perform the deliverables for the lab and as these items/steps come up in the tutorials, also use the HealthCareData.mpj data set to work along at that point.

For a specific example, choose Stat, Tables and then Cross Tabulation and Chi-Square. In the dialog box that pops ups, select Help.

With the Cross Tabulation and Chi-Square you will be able to:

· Perform a Chi-Square analysis for Age_Group and use the data to assess if diabetes is equally prevalent among each of the age groups in the study.

· Perform a Cross Tabulation analysis that generates a contingency table for the Glucose_Group and Insurance_Group variables and analyze the Chi-Square and Phi results.

· Suggest how to study the effect the frequency of daily glucose checks has on the patient’s glucose level and/or hemoglobin level.

To Obtain Cross-Tabulation Using Minitab

1. Open the HealthCareData.mpjfile using Minitab.

2. From the menus, select Stat, Tables, Cross Tabulation and Chi-Square.

3. Select Glucose_Group for rows, select Insurance_Group for columns and Age_Group for layers. Be sure that in Display, Counts and Total percents are checked.

4. Select Other Stats and then choose Cramer’s V-square statistic.

5. Click OK and then select Chi-Square. In Chi-Square, select Chi-Square analysis and Expected cell counts.

6. Click OK twice to examine the output and perform an initial analysis of what you see. Now we can begin the contextual analysis.

7. Think about it: Is there evidence that there is any difference among the number of diabetics in each age group in our study? How can you tell? Can you tell from the contingency table if there are any unusual values – unexpected results? Are there particular areas of the data that merit further examination? What is indicated by the Chi-Square Test and the Phi value?

8. Write a brief summary of how you would analyze the contribution of the frequency of the patient’s daily glucose checks toward their glucose or hemoglobin level. You need not be limited to the nonparametric analysis – use everything you have learned this session to help you write this summary. Hint: You might want to test your suggestions by actually following them and performing the suggested analysis.

9. Deliverable: Save this document and submit it as Week_7_i-Lab_YourNameHere.docx to the Dropbox.

Chi-Square Test

The Chi-Square test procedure tabulates a variable into categories and computes asquare statistic. This goodness-of-fit test compares the observed and expected frequencies in each category to test that all categories contain the same proportion of values or test that each category contains a user-specified proportion of values.

Examples. The Chi-Square test could be used to determine whether a bag of jelly beans contains equal proportions of blue, brown, green, orange, red, and yellow candies. You could also test to see whether a bag of jelly beans contains 5% blue, 30% brown, 10% green, 20% orange, 15% red, and 15% yellow candies.

Statistics.Mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and quartiles. The number and the percentage of non-missing and missing cases; the number of cases observed and expected for each category; residuals; and thechi-square statistic.

Data. Use ordered or unordered numeric categorical variables (ordinal or nominal levels of measurement).

Assumptions. Nonparametric tests do not require assumptions about the shape of the underlying distribution. The data are assumed to be a random sample. The expected frequencies for each category should be at least 1. No more than 20% of the categories should have expected frequencies of less than 5.