BSC2346 2019 January Module 9 Case Study Latest

BSC2346 Human Anatomy and Physiology I

Module 09 Case Study

Question 1 Kari is a relatively healthy 42-year-old female with well-managed diabetes. She reports occasional alcohol intake, smokes cigarettes only when drinking, and exercises 3-4 times a week. She has a history of mild myopia, which she has ed with glasses and contacts since she was 14 years old. Kari has been having trouble seeing at night. It has been gradually getting worse and she was tripped on a rug and bumped into a few walls within the last week. She has also noticed that small text seems blurrier than usual. Kari always makes sure to schedule annual visits to her eye doctor. Luckily, it’s almost time for this year’s check-up because she thinks she might need a new prescription for her glasses and contacts.

Kari’s mild myopia means:

Answers:            

She has trouble focusing on objects close to her face.

She has trouble seeing objects at a distance.

Light is focused behind her retina.

Light is focused on the fovea centralis.

Question 2         

Of the limited history you are given, which item could NOT be related to the vision issues she is experiencing?

Answers:            

Smoking tobacco

Exercising 3-4 times a week

Alcohol intake

Diabetes

Question 3         

Myopia becomes more prevalent as one ages.

Answers:            

True

False

Question 4         

Kari has two grandparents who had glaucoma in their lifetime. Do any of Kari’s symptoms support a diagnosis of glaucoma? If so, which one(s)?

Question 5         

Kari’s ophthalmologist measures her intraocular pressure and finds that it is normal. With this information, which of the following diagnoses can be ruled out?

Answers:            

Glaucoma

Hyperopia

Myopia

Cataracts

Question 6         

During her annual visit, her doctor asks Kari for more specific information regarding her current symptoms. Which of the following symptoms would NOT be suggestive of cataracts?

Answers:            

Trouble with bright lights

Halos around lights

Faded colors

Loss of peripheral vision

Question 7 A cataract consists of clouding in which structure?

Answers:            

Cornea

Sclera

Lens

Retina

Question 8

Over the next several months, Kari’s eyes begin to look like this:

C:\Users\chloe.murphy\Desktop\BSCMod9Eye.png

Considering her history and symptoms, which of the following conditions is most likely?

Answers:            

Glaucoma

Cataracts

Presbyopia

Hyperopia

Question 9

If Kari is diagnosed with glaucoma, what is the most likely treatment? Describe the treatment briefly, in your own words.

Question 10

If Kari is diagnosed with cataracts, what is the most likely treatment? Describe the treatment briefly, in your own words.

Question 11

Maddie is a 6-year-old female with no prior history of major medical issues. She complained of right ear pain after an awkward head-first fall from a diving board yesterday. She landed in the pool and did not seem to have any apparent physical injuries, so her parents assumed she had headache from the impact and gave her acetaminophen. However, the pain persisted for a full day, so her parents have taken her to her pediatrician. Her parents have noticed that she is less responsive when speaking to her from her right side and are worried that she has suffered hearing loss from the fall.

Maddie’s physician explains that there are different types of hearing loss. Damage to which of the following structures would cause conductive hearing loss?

Answers:            

Semicircular canals

Tympanic membrane

Cochlea

Vestibule

Question 12

Maddie’s physician explains that there are different types of hearing loss. Damage to which of the following structures would cause sensorineural hearing loss?

Answers:            

Cochlea

Incus

Malleus

Tympanic membrane

Question 13 When Maddie’s physician examines her ear, he explains to her parents that she has a perforated eardrum. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Answers:            

Maddie is at higher risk for ear infections due to the perforation.

A perforated “eardrum” means that there is a tear or hole in Maddie’s tympanic membrane.

Maddie has sensorineural hearing loss due to the perforated eardrum.

Maddie’s eardrum will likely heal on its own and she will not need surgery.

Question 14Maddie’s doctor performs tuning fork tests to help determine the source of her hearing loss. Which of the following tests compares bone conduction to air conduction?

Answers:            

Weber test

Rinne test

Question 15       

If Maddie’s hearing loss persists after her perforation is healed, which of the following scenarios is likely?

Answers:            

Maddie will continue to lose hearing bilaterally as she ages.

Her hearing loss is genetic and will be passed on to her future children.

Maddie will likely lose hearing in her left ear, too, but less severely.

Maddie suffered sensorineural AND conductive hearing loss from the head injury in the pool.

Question 16       

Medicine or surgery can often fix which type of hearing loss?

Sensorineural hearing loss

Conductive hearing loss

Question 17       

Which of the following is a common cause of sensorineural hearing loss?

Answers:            

Fluid trapped in the middle ear

Aging

Cerumen build up

Ruptured tympanic membrane

Question 18 Identify and explain (in your own words) at least one possible complication of Maddie’s perforated eardrum.

Question 19 Which of the following structures is not part of the physiology of hearing?

Answers:            

Auditory canal

Incus

Utricle

Cochlea

 

Question 20 A ruptured tympanic membrane DIRECTLY affects the movement/vibration of which ossicle?

Answers:            

Incus

Anvil

Malleus

Stapes