BIO 160 - What lymph organ(s) filter lymph

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What lymph organ(s) filter lymph?

Lymph nodes and the spleen

Lymph nodes, the thymus, and the spleen

Only the lymph nodes

Tonsils, thymus, and the spleen

Only the spleen

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What is the function of the lymphatic vessels?

Remove excess fluid from blood vessels and send it to the cardiovascular system for recirculation

Remove excess fluid from body tissues and send it to the kidneys for removal

Remove excess fluid from blood vessels and send it to the kidneys for removal

Remove excess fluid from the cardiovascular system and send it to the lymph nodes

Remove excess fluid from the body tissues and send it to the cardiovascular system for recirculation

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Which of the following describes the flow of lymph through the lymph nodes?

Lymph enters only one lymph node before entering the cardiovascular system.

Lymph flow is fast and under great pressure.

Lymph flows through sinuses in a slow manner.

Lymph flows through the efferent vessels and then into the sinuses.

Lymph flows slowly from the cardiovascular vessels into the hilum.

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What are the two major collecting vessels that drain into the subclavian vein?

Right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Left lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Subclavian lymphatic duct and thoracic duct

Thoracic duct and cervical duct

Subclavian lymphatic capillaries and right lymphatic duct

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Which of the following is a function of the lymph nodes?

To remove foreign substances.

To mix the lymph with circulating blood.

To dilute the lymph.

To produce lymph.

To suppress the immune response.

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Which of the following is a nonspecific defense that kills virus-infected body cells?

Phagocytes

Skin and mucous membranes

Natural killer cells

Fever

Inflammation

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What is the function of the thymus gland?

To trap and remove debris from entering the throat.

To produce hormones that program lymphocytes.

To trap and remove debris from the digestive tract.

To filter lymph.

To filter the blood of debris.

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What organ is responsible for the removal of destroyed red blood cells from the blood?

Spleen

Thymus

Peyer's patches

Appendix

Tonsils

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Which of the following is an adaptive body defense?

Mucous membranes

Fever

Inflammatory response

Phagocytosis

Antibody production

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What are interferons?

Large molecules secreted by the endothelium that attract neutrophils to the area of invasion

Small proteins produced by cells infected by viruses that travel to nearby uninfected cells

Chemicals secreted by bacteria that activate the immune response

A plasma protein that attaches to a foreign cell and produces lesion on that cell's surface

A chemical released by injured cells that causes blood vessels to dilate

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What is the function of plasma cells?

To produce plasma.

To activate the T cells.

To activate the B cells.

To enable the body to respond to a second infection.

To produce specific antibodies.

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What type of immunity is used when a patient is given an oral antibiotic for a bacterial infection?

Active humoral immunity

Passive humoral immunity

Cellular immunity

Innate adaptive immunity

Passive innate immunity

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What is the inflammatory response?

A process that begins when antibodies attack specific antigens

A nonspecific response as a result of a high fever

A process that releases interferon to fight virus infected cells

A nonspecific response when body tissues are injured

A specific humoral response to body tissue damage

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Which of the following describes macrophages?

They originate in the thymus.

They become immunocompetent in various places in the body.

They produce antibodies.

They phagocytize foreign debris.

They can differentiate into plasma cells.

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Which of the following is associated with the inflammatory response?

Abnormally high body temperature

Damage to the nerves

Spread of pathogens to other areas

Increased permeability of the capillaries

Adaptive immune response

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Which of the following describes a fever?

Fever is a specific response to a specific antigen.

Fever is an elevated body temperature due to inflammation.

Fever is an innate body defense.

Fever decreases the metabolic rate of tissues.

Fever results in calcium uptake in the liver which limits the amount available for bacteria.

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Which antibody class is the most abundant in the body?

IgA

IgD

IgE

IgG

IgM

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Organ transplants involving a recently deceased body are an example of what type of transplant?

Autograft

Isograft

Allograft

Xenograft

Immunograft

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What is the purpose of immunosuppressive therapy?

Prevention of the production of histamine in allergy sufferers

Prevention of rejection after an organ transplant

Increasing the activity of helper T cells in AIDS patients

Increasing the immune protection for patients with melanoma

Prevention of anaphylactic shock

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Which of the following describes basic antibody structure?

Antibodies consist of two amino acid chains.

The chains are linked together by disulfide bonds.

The general shape is a double helix.

Four heavy chains make up the constant region.

Two light chains bind with four heavy chains.

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What is an immunodeficiency disease?

When the production of immune cells or complement is abnormal

When the immune response is abnormally vigorous

When the body produces antibodies that attack its own body cells

When the body produces too many lymphocytes

When the body rejects a transplanted organ

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What is the function of the helper T cell?

It produces antibodies.

It binds with a specific antigen and stimulates the production of other immune cells.

It is a descendant of an activated B or T cell that stays in the body for years after the initial infection.

It resides in the lymph nodes and evolves into a plasma cell.

It engulfs and digests antigens and then presents parts of the antigen on its plasma membrane.

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The transplant of a heart valve from a pig is an example of what type of transplant?

Autograft

Isograft

Allograft

Xenograft

Immunograft

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Which autoimmune disease is associated with impaired communication between neurons and skeletal muscles?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Multiple sclerosis

Grave's disease

Myasthenia gravis

Systemic lupus erythematosus

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What substance triggers the symptoms associated with hypersensitivity or an allergic reaction?

Histamine

Acetylcholine

Thyroid hormone

Viruses

Antibodies