Beyond substituting for direct management supervision

1. Beyond substituting for direct management supervision, __________ is often used to simplify jobs.

   a. systematization

   b. institutionalization

   c. standardization

   d. coordination

   e. formalization

2. The two basic types of bureaucracies are __________ and __________.

   a. matrix; functional

   b. mechanistic; organic

   c. network; matrix

   d. functional; divisional

   e. mechanistic; departmental