Ashworth HEALTHCARE 360-Assuming that the 20 million dead

Question 1 of 20 5.0 Points

Assuming that the 20 million dead in Africa were still working and could have earned $500 per year, implies an annual cost attributed to HIV/AIDs of at least:

A. $150 million.

B. $300 million.

C. $1.5 billion.

D. $10 billion

Question 3 of 20 5.0 Points

Suppose that cigarettes cost $2.50 per pack, and a state imposes a $1.00 per pack excise tax. In response, average cigarette consumption decreases by 10 percent. This would indicate a price elasticity of:

A. –0.03.

B. –0.30.

C. –1.00.

D. –3.00.

Question 4 of 20 5.0 Points

Which of the following activities does not reflect a cost of an adult influenza epidemic?

A. Routine immunization for Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) for the infant children of those who become infected

B. Immunization for the susceptible elderly population

C. Reduced productivity of those who become infected

D. Increased absenteeism of those who become infected

Question 5 of 20 5.0 Points

The 2010-2011 Burkina Faso MenAfriVac program __________ because __________

A. succeeded in reducing meningitis; it lowered the vaccine cost and improved distribution

B. succeeded in reducing meningitis; the vaccine was more potent than previous vaccines

C. failed to reduce meningitis; the vaccine was too expensive for people to buy

D. failed to reduce meningitis; the population would not cooperate in the vaccination programs

Question 7 of 20 5.0 Points

Caffeine __________ an addictive drug because it __________.

A. is not; exhibits reinforcement but not tolerance

B. is: exhibits reinforcement and tolerance

C. is not; exhibits tolerance but not reinforcement

D. is not; is not harmful

Question 8 of 20 5.0 Points

A primary category of external costs associated with alcohol consumption is:

A. taxes paid to governments.

B. traffic injuries and fatalities occurring to those who have consumed alcohol.

C. traffic injuries and fatalities to those who are involved in accidents caused by those who have consumed alcohol.

D. cigarette smoking by those who drink.

Question 11 of 20 5.0 Points

As of 2010 the price of the least expensive first line HIV/AIDS treatment had __________ to __________ dollars per year.

A. fallen; 64

B. fallen; 88

C. risen; 153

D. risen; 294

Question 12 of 20 5.0 Points

In rational addiction models, long run impacts are larger than short run impacts because:

A. the addicted person must be advised what to do.

B. it takes time for the addictive stock to adjust.

C. advertisers try to persuade addicts not to stop using the good.

D. it is costly for the addict to stop his or her addiction.

Question 13 of 20 5.0 Points

Hamilton’s research found the U.S. television and radio advertising ban to be ineffective in reducing smoking because:

A. people paid little attention to advertising.

B. demand was inelastic.

C. the ban was accompanied by the reduction of anti-cigarette messages.

D. smokers switched to other forms of tobacco.

Question 15 of 20 5.0 Points

As of 2012, combined state and federal cigarette taxes are as high as __________ per pack with the state taxes generally constituting a __________ share.

A. $1.52; smaller

B. $2.00; larger

C. $3.27; smaller

D. $4.47; larger

Question 16 of 20 5.0 Points

If the demand elasticity is between 0 and -1.0, an increased tax on tobacco or alcohol will:

A. increase consumption and increase tax revenues.

B. decrease consumption and increase tax revenues.

C. decrease consumption and decrease tax revenues.

D. have no impact on consumption or tax revenues.

Question 19 of 20 5.0 Points

Between 2008 and 2010 the price of the least expensive second-line HIV/AIDS treatment:

A. fell by 15 percent.

B. fell by 50 percent.

C. rose by 10 percent.

D. rose by 40 percent.

Question 20 of 20 5.0 Points

In the figure above, assuming a $3 increase in the liquor excise tax, the __________ bear the larger share of the tax because __________.

A. consumers; the producers are monopolists

B. consumers; the demand is less responsive (elastic) to price than the supply

C. producers; the supply is less responsive (elastic) to price than the demand

D. producers; consumers will buy their liquor elsewhere