Types of Mountains - Geography Assignment Help

Out of the various natural habitats on the earth, the mountain is one of the key element, known for its strength and creation. But did you know that there are different types of mountains? Based on various features and factors, these mountains are divided into five main types. In this section, you’ll learn about the main types of mountains and how their formation takes place.

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How are the Mountains Formed?

Mountains are formed by slow and gigantic movements of the earth’s crust, i.e., the outermost layer of the earth. The earth’s crust is made up of 6 huge slabs called plates, arranged like a jigsaw puzzle. In this process, the two slabs of the earth’s crust smash into each other, and the land can be pushed upward to form the mountains. To be noted, many of the mountain ranges in the world have been formed by the vigorous collisions between the continents. The different types of mountains are formed by different activities, such as the crust of the folds and buckles of the mountains up at times. Other times, the fold seems to break. The other mountain types are formed by the earth’s crust rising into a dome sort of structure or when the crust cracks open.

Different Types of Mountains

There are five basic types of mountains such as:-

Fold Mountains (Folded Mountains)

The first mountain type is folded mountains. These are the range of mountains stretching thousands of kilometers. These mountains are formed when the two tectonic plates of the earth surface collide heads.

Example:- the Alps in Europe

the Rockies in North America

Fault-block Mountains (Block Mountains)

Fault-block mountains are also known as block mountains created when the mountains crack, and the earth’s crust forces the internal material upwards. These break up into chunks and move up and down. The mountains usually have a steep front side and a sloping backside.

Example:- the Sierra Nevada mountains in North America

the Harz Mountains in Germany

Dome Mountains

Dome mountains are another type formed when a large amount of magma pushes from below the earth’s crust to the surface but never really erupts. Later, the pushed up rocks cools and hardens into a dome shape.

Volcanic Mountains

The volcanic mountains are created when the magma inside the mountain reaches the surface. On erupting, the magma forms lava, ash, rock, and volcanic gases. This erupted material builds up in the surrounding area and builds up a mountain.

Example:- Mount St. Helens in North America

Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines

Plateau Mountains

The last type of mountains is known as plateau mountains. These mountains are formed by the earth’s internal activity. When the running water makes ways way into deep channels of a region, these mountains are created. For instance, the river cuts deep into a plateau and forms tall mountains.

Example:- The mountains in New Zealand

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Various Types of Mountains