Columbia Southern MBA 5101 test bank

____ are goods and services that society desires and profit-making firms cannot or will not provide

_____ are groups of geographically and/or organizationally dispersed coworkers that are assembled using a combination of telecommunications and information technologies to accomplish an organizational task.

_____ begins with situation analysis.

_____ claims that morality is relative to some personal, social, or cultural standard and that there is no method for deciding whether one decision is better than another

_____ controls specify how something is to be done through policies, rules, standard operating procedures, and orders from a superior.

_____ directors are outsiders who handle the legal or insurance work for the company or are important suppliers.

_____ directors are typically officers or executives employed by the corporation.

_____ focuses on the selection and use of employees.

_____ involves a relatively balanced give-and-take of cultural and managerial practices between the merger partners, and no strong imposition of cultural change on either company.

_____ is a formal program of gathering information on a company's competitors.

_____ is a low-cost competitive strategy that focuses on a particular buyer group or geographic market and attempts to serve only this niche, to the exclusion of others

_____ is a quantitative technique that attempts to discover causal or at least explanatory factors that link two or more time series together.

_____ is a technique that encourages participative decision making through shared goal setting at all organizational levels and performance assessment based on the achievement of stated objectives.

_____ is purchasing from someone else a product or service that had been previously provided internally.

_____ is that set of managerial decisions and actions that determines the long-run performance of a corporation.

_____ is the analyzing and ranking of possible investments in fixed assets such as land, buildings, and equipment in terms of the additional outlays and additional receipts that will result from each investment.

_____ is the calculation of ratios from data in the financial statements.

_____ is the collection of beliefs, expectations, and values learned and shared by a corporation's members and transmitted from one generation of employees to another.

_____ is the confusion of means with ends and occurs when activities originally intended to help managers attain corporate objectives become ends in themselves.

_____ is the degree to which a firm operates vertically in multiple locations on an industry's value chain from extracting raw materials to manufacturing to retailing.

_____ is the degree to which a firm operates vertically in multiple locations on an industry's value chain from extracting raw materials to manufacturing to retailing.

_____ is the forming of networks for sourcing raw materials, manufacturing products or creating services, storing and distributing the goods, and delivering them to customers and consumers.

_____ is the identification and evaluation of corporate stakeholders.

_____ is used worldwide and measures the total output of goods and services within a country's borders.

_____ leaders provide change and movement in an organization by providing a vision for that change.

_____ occurs when top management retains all decision-making authority so that low-level managers cannot take any actions to which the sponsors may object.

_____ pricing attempts to hasten market development and offers the pioneer the opportunity to use the experience curve to gain market share with a low price and dominate the industry.

_____ referred to the social responsibility of a business as a "fundamentally subversive doctrine

_____ refers to formal codes that permit or forbid certain behaviors and may or may not enforce ethics or morality.

_____ refers to the mix in the workplace of people from different races, cultures, and backgrounds.

_____ refers to the planned elimination of positions or jobs.

_____ refers to the selection of specific areas for marketing concentration and can be expressed in terms of market, product, and geographical locations.

_____ refers to the study of individual tasks in an attempt to make them more relevant to the company and to the employee (s).

_____ specify how an organization expects its employees to behave while on the job

_____ strategic decisions set precedents for lesser decisions and future actions throughout the organization.

_____ strategy deals with the flow of products into and out of the manufacturing process.

_____ strategy determines how and where a product or service is to be manufactured, the level of vertical integration in the production process, the deployment of physical resources, and relationships with suppliers.

_____ strategy emphasizes the improvement of operational efficiency and is probably most appropriate when a corporation's problems are pervasive, but not yet critical.

_____ strategy emphasizes the improvement of operational efficiency and is probably most appropriate when a corporation's problems are pervasive, but not yet critical.

_____ strategy is primarily about the choice of direction for the firm as a whole and the management of its business or product portfolio

_____ strategy is primarily about the choice of direction for the firm as a whole and the management of its business or product portfolio.

_____ strategy is the ability to provide unique and superior value to the buyer in terms of product quality, special features, or after-sale service.

_____ structure is appropriate for a large corporation with many product lines in several related industries

_____ typically detail the various activities that must be carried out to complete a corporation's programs.

_____ unites all of a company's major business activities from order processing to production within a single family of software modules.

_____ views the corporation in terms of resources and capabilities that can be used to build business unit value as well as generate synergies across units.

_____ views the corporation in terms of resources and capabilities that can be used to build business unit value as well as generate synergies across units.

54) ________ is more valuable because it can provide companies with a sustainable competitive advantage that is harder for competitors to imitate.

A _____ is a broad guideline for decision making that links the formulation of strategy with its implementation, while a(n) _____ is a statement of the activities or steps needed to accomplish a single-use plan.

A _____ is a collection of competencies that cross divisional boundaries, are widespread within the corporation, and is something that a corporation can do exceedingly well.

A _____ is a unique market opportunity that is available only for a particular time.

A _____ strategy describes a company's overall direction in terms of its general attitude toward growth and the management of its various businesses and product lines.

A _____ strategy is a decision to do nothing new in a worsening situation but instead to act as though the company's problems are only temporary.

A budget is a statement of a corporation's programs in dollar terms. Which is NOT true of the budgetary function?

A challenge-oriented executive whose responsibility is to save a company is known as a(n)

A chief executive with a great deal of experience in a particular industry is known as a(n)

A company's spending on R&D as a percentage of sales revenue is referred to as

A corporate strategy in which large multi-business corporations compete against other large multi-business firms in a number of markets is called

A corporation's _____ are those key environmental trends that are judged to have both a medium to high probability of occurrence and a medium to high probability of impact on the corporation.

A corporation's ability to exploit its resources is referred to as its

A description of what the company is capable of becoming is referred to as

A difference between basic financial planning and forecast-based planning is

A firm which is purely an extension of the owner's lifestyle is known as a(n)

A graph showing time plotted against the dollar sales of a product as it moves from introduction through growth and maturity to decline is called the

A highly involved board does all of the following EXCEPT:

A linked set of value-creating activities beginning with basic materials provided by suppliers and ending with distributors getting the final product into the hands of the ultimate consumer is called a(n)

A not-for profit can be said to have _____ advantage when it performs its tasks more effectively than other comparable organizations.

A person who organizes and manages a business undertaking and who assumes risk for the sake of profit is called a(n)

A strategic _____ is a description of what the company is capable of becoming.

A traditional method of obtaining new product ideas is to use _____ to survey current users regarding what they would like in a new product.

A valuable by-product of routine in-house R&D activity is known as

A(n) _____ center is typically established whenever an organizational unit has control over both its resources and its products or services.

A(n) _____ is a mechanism established to allow different parties to contribute capital, expertise, and labor, for their mutual benefit.

A(n) _____ is a person who generates a new idea and supports it through many organizational obstacles.

A(n) _____ is a transaction involving two or more corporations in which stock is exchanged, but from which only one corporation survives.

A(n) _____ is a transaction involving two or more corporations in which stock is exchanged, but from which only one corporation survives.

A(n) _____ is charged with supporting both top management and the business units in the strategic planning process.

A(n) _____ serves as a vehicle through which financial support is obtained from potential investors and creditors.

A(n) _____ summarizes the key success factors within a particular industry.

According to _____, the firm should look to fulfill its social responsibilities after satisfying its economic and legal responsibilities.

According to a survey by the Ethics Resource Center, which was not cited as one of the most common questionable behaviors that employees engage in?

According to Barney's VRIO framework, the exploitation of a resource pertains to the ________ of the resource

According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions, which country scored lowest on uncertainty avoidance?

According to Howard Schilit of the Center for Financial Research & Analysis, red flags on a company's financial statements include all of following items except

According to Porter, the corporation is most concerned with:

According to Porter, what is the competitive strategy that reflects the ability of the corporation or its business unit to design, produce, and market a comparable product more efficiently than its competitors?

According to Rogers, innovative organizations tend to have all of the following characteristics except

According to the BCG Growth-Share Matrix, _____ are new products with the potential for success, but they need a lot of cash for development.

According to the pattern of influence on strategic decision making, in the case of _____, the client has no direct influence on the organization because the client pays nothing for the services received

According to the stages of corporate development, if an entrepreneur falters, the company usually flounders under a

According to the substages of small business development, the stage in which the entrepreneur risks all available cash and the established borrowing power of the company in financing further growth is

According to the text, most publicly owned large corporations today tend to have boards with what degree of involvement in the strategic management process?

According to the text, the primary task of the operations manager is to

According to the text, what is the "key" to effective management of change in culture?

According to the text, which one of the following is NOT descriptive of a corporation's culture?

According to the TOWS Matrix, _____ are basically defensive and primarily act to minimize weaknesses and avoid threats.

Alfred Chandler, known for his study of large American corporations, concluded that:

All of the following are basic tasks undertaken by the board of directors in strategic management except

All of the following are changing structural characteristics found in the modern organization design EXCEPT:

All of the following are forms for achieving synergy except

All of the following are phases in the lead user process except

All of the following are phases of strategic management except

All of the following are possible barriers to entry except

All of the following are sources of innovation except

All of the following are used as criteria in evaluating strategic alternatives except

All of the following criteria reflect survey findings of the characteristics of a good director EXCEPT

All of the following general forces represent the societal environmental except

All of the following statements are reasons cited for a lack of strategic planning practices in many small-business firms except

All of the following statements are true about effectively managing foreign assignments except

All of the following statements are true about reasons for forming a strategic alliance except

All the following statements represent constraints on strategic management except

An accounting method for allocating indirect and fixed costs to individual products or product lines based on the value-added activities going into that product is called

An automobile assembly line is an example of which approach to manufacturing?

An example of an activity ratio reflecting management's use of assets is

An example of the promotion variable of the marketing mix is

An operational philosophy committed to customer satisfaction and continuous improvement is known as

An organization skilled at creating, acquiring, and transferring knowledge, and at

An organization's _____ is the purpose or reason for the organization's existence

As an industry becomes hypercompetitive, firms initially respond by

As compared to a firm with low financial leverage, a firm with a high amount of financial leverage in an expanding market should have

As defined in this course, a policy is

As defined in this course, a policy is:

As opposed to rule-based countries, relationship-based countries tend to

As societal values evolve, it is likely that the _________ responsibilities of today may become the _________ responsibilities to tomorrow.

Avon is an example of a company that demonstrated that having a diverse workforce can

Avon is an example of a company that demonstrated that having a diverse workforce can:

Being socially responsibility

Business strategy focuses on

By joining _____, not-for-profits can reduce costs through economies of scope and reducing program duplication and raising prices because of increased market power.

Corporate entrepreneurship is also called

Corporations that lack a consistent strategy-structure-culture relationship are known as

Dollars adjusted for inflation to make them comparable over various years are called

During a _____, the attacking firm goes head-to-head with its competitor.

FedEx stipulates specific employee behavior including how a driver dresses to how keys are held when approaching a customer's door. This is an example of a

Flexible manufacturing emphasizes

For each $1 spent on training, Motorola estimates it receives __________ in productivity gains within three years.

Forces that regulate the exchange of materials, money, energy, and information are known as

Friedman's position on social responsibility

Human resource departments have found that to reduce employee dissatisfaction and unionization efforts, they must

If it is to be successful, Porter advises that a division possess strong marketing abilities, product engineering, a creative flair, strong capability in basic research and a corporate reputation for quality or technological leadership, for which one of the following generic competitive strategies?

In _____ structures, functional and product forms are combined simultaneously at the same level of the organization.

In _____, the item is normally processed sequentially, but the work and sequence of the process vary.

In a TOWS Matrix, SO Strategies

In Christensen's book, The Innovator's Dilemma, he explains that managers remain with certain technologies based on

In order to move more quickly through a product's development stage, companies like Motorola and Chrysler are using

In the _____ stage, the greatest concerns of a company are controlling the financial gains brought on by rapid growth and retaining its flexibility and entrepreneurial spirit.

In the final phase of strategic management, strategic information is available to

In which type of industry will the focus strategies likely predominate when many small and medium sized local companies compete for relatively small shares of the total market

In which type of industry will the focus strategies likely predominate when many small and medium sized local companies compete for relatively small shares of the total market?

In which type of international industry do corporations tailor their products to the specific needs of consumers in a particular country?

Income statements and balance sheets in which the dollar figures have been converted into percentages are called

Intel was able to gain a significant cost advantage over its competitors in the production and sale of microprocessors because of

Knowledge that can be easily articulated and communicated is known as

Knowledge that is not easily communicated because it is deeply rooted in employee experience or in a corporation's culture is called

On average, how many directors sit on the board of large publicly-held U.S. firms?

On the continuum of resource sustainability, where would Sony's Walkman be placed?

On the continuum of resource sustainability, where would Sony's Walkman be placed?

One of the issues in the strategic management of not-for-profit organizations is the tendency of nonprofits to make program decisions based on a _____ rather than on a _____.

One of the profitability ratios measuring potential earnings is

Orphagenix, a small biotech firm, avoids head-to-head competition with large pharmaceutical companies by developing orphan drugs to target diseases that affect fewer than 200,000 people. This is an example of which of Porter's generic strategies?

Outsourcing technology may not be appropriate when

Parts grouped into manufacturing families to produce a wide variety of mass-produced items form the _____ system.

Pro forma balance sheets and income statements can be generated with _____ software on a personal computer

Research of the planning practices of companies in the oil industry concludes that the real value of modern strategic planning is more

Research reveals that the likelihood of a firm engaging in illegal behavior or being sued declines:

Research reveals that the likelihood of a firm engaging in illegal behavior or being sued declines:

Research reveals that the likelihood of a firm engaging in illegal behavior or being sued declines:

Research suggests that boards of directors tend to look outside the firm for the next CEO under which of the following circumstances?

Society generally expects firms to work with employees and the company to plan for layoffs. This is an example of which of Carroll's responsibilities?

Some people claim that morality is relative to some personal, social, or cultural standard and that there is no method for deciding whether one decision is better than another. This is called

Strategic goals can be accomplished through defining an action plan. Which of the following is NOT one of the components that make up an action plan?

Strategic managers must be concerned with human resource management because

Strategic managers must be concerned with human resource management because

Strategic planning in a multidivisional corporation

Strategic planning in a multidivisional corporation:

Strategic planning within a small organization:

Strategic planning within a small organization:

Successful defender firms tend to be headed by CEOs with backgrounds in the areas of

The _____ approach proposes that decision makers be equitable, fair, and impartial in the distribution of costs and benefits to individuals and groups.

The _____ combines financial measures that tell the results of actions already taken with operational measures on customer satisfaction, internal processes, and the corporation's innovation and improvement activities.

The _____ includes those elements or groups that directly affect the corporation and are affected by it.

The _____ is a highly developed international company with a deep involvement throughout the world, plus a worldwide perspective in its management and decision making.

The _____ is a method of managing new product development to increase the likelihood of launching new products quickly and successfully.

The _____ is independently owned and operated, not dominant in its field, and does not engage in innovative practices.

The _____ is useful to learn if a company embarking on a growth strategy will need to take on debt to fund this growth.

The _____ proposes that once an organization is successfully established in a particular environmental niche, it is unable to adapt to changing conditions.

The _____ provides the opportunity to move from a narrow, specialized view that emphasizes functional techniques to a broader, less precise analysis of the overall corporation.

The _____ structure could be termed a "non-structure" by its virtual elimination of in-house business functions.

The ability of competitors to use duplicated resources and capabilities to imitate the other firm's success is called

The benchmarking process involves all of the following steps except

The breadth of an organization's culture is also known as

The business model used by HP in selling printers and printer cartridges is the

The business model used by HP in selling printers and printer cartridges is the

The business model used by IBM to make money not selling IBM products, but by selling its expertise to improve their customers operations is the

The collective strength of the interaction of potential entrants, buyers, substitutes, suppliers, firm rivalry, and other stakeholders determine

The concept that advocates management's attempt to find a strategic fit between external opportunities and internal strengths while working around external threats and internal weaknesses is called

The concept that suggests that unit production costs decline by some fixed percent each time the total accumulated volume of production in units doubles is referred to as

The corporate mission is best described by which one of the following?

The development of a new activity for the not-for-profit organization that would generate the funds needed to make up the difference between revenues and expenses is called

The difference between the market value of a corporation and the capital contributed by shareholders and lenders is called

The displacement of one technology by another, as shown by two S-shaped curves on a graph, is referred to as

The efficient manufacturing of products can be accomplished through

The emphasis of strategic management is on:

The evaluation and control process involves all of the following steps except

The extent to which a society values individual freedom and independence of action compared with a tight social framework and loyalty to the group is called

The first company to manufacture and sell a new product or service is called a(n)

The first step in the strategic decision-making process is

The function of a nominating committee is to:

The function of a nominating committee is to:

The function of a nominating committee is to:

The function of a nominating committee is to:

The impact of a specific change in sales volume on net operating income is referred to as the

The integrated internationalization of markets and corporations is called

The integrated internationalization of markets and corporations is called:

The issues priority matrix used in environmental scanning is composed of two axis or dimensions which are labeled

The key to outsourcing is to purchase from the outside only those activities that:

The key to outsourcing is to purchase from the outside only those activities that:

The key to outsourcing is to purchase from the outside only those activities that:

The matrix of change can be used to address all of the following categories of questions except

The mix in the workplace of people from different races, cultures, and backgrounds is referred to as

The number of directors of small, publicly-held U.S corporations which are outsiders is approximately

The number of directors of small, publicly-held U.S corporations which are outsiders is approximately:

The number of directors of small, publicly-held U.S corporations which are outsiders is approximately:

The organization's corporate mission statement:

The part of an industry's value chain that is most important to a company and the point where its greatest expertise and capabilities lie is called the company's

The particular combination of product, place, promotion, and price is called

The PRIMARY task of the manager of information systems is to

The process by which strategies and policies are put into action through the development of programs, budgets, and procedures is:

The process of taking a new technology from the laboratory to the marketplace is called

The proposition that silicon chips double in complexity every 18 months is referred to as

The purpose of a(n) _____ is to evaluate a person's suitability for an advanced position.

The rate at which a firm's underlying resources and capabilities depreciate or become obsolete is called

The rate at which a firm's underlying resources, capabilities, or core competencies can be duplicated by others is called

The rate of interest banks charge on their lowest risk loans is called the

The ratio of total debt to total assets is known as

The role of the board of directors in the strategic management of the corporation is likely to

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to protect:

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to protect:

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to protect:

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was designed to protect:

The second step when analyzing the value-added chain is to

The second step when analyzing the value-added chain is to

The six values measured by the _____ test are aesthetic, economic, political, religious, social, and theoretical values.

The speed with which other firms can understand the relationship of resources and

The speed with which other firms can understand the relationship of resources and capabilities supporting a successful firm's strategy is called

The Strategic Management Model presents the following process of strategy formulation:

The Strategic Management Model presents the following process of strategy formulation:

The sum total of activities and choices required for the execution of a strategic plan is called

The term that describes putting once isolated specialists together to work and compare notes in a collective product design effort is called

The three levels of moral development were developed by

The type of strategy which achieves corporate and business unit objectives and strategies by maximizing resource productivity is

The type of strategy which describes a company's overall direction in terms of its general attitude toward growth and the management of its various businesses and product lines is

The U.S. Clayton Act and Banking Act of 1933

The U.S. major home appliance industry, including the companies of Maytag, Whirlpool, General Electric, and Electrolux, is an example of an industry

The variables structure, culture, and resources pertain to the

The vast majority of inside directors are from all of the following EXCEPT:

Things that a corporation can do exceedingly well across the corporation are called

Those critical strengths and weaknesses that are likely to determine if a firm will be able to take advantage of opportunities while avoiding threats are called

Through market research, corporations can target their various products or services so that management can discover what niches to seek or develop, and how to minimize competitive pressure. This is descriptive of

Through market research, corporations can target their various products or services so that management can discover what niches to seek or develop, and how to minimize competitive pressure. Which of the following terms does this statement describe?

Through market research, corporations can target their various products or services so that management can discover what niches to seek or develop, and how to minimize competitive pressure. Which of the following terms does this statement describe?

Two ethical principles presented by Immanual Kant are known as

Under a(n) _____ agreement, the franchiser grants rights to another company to open a retail store using the franchiser's name and operating system.

Under a(n) _____ agreement, the franchiser grants rights to another company to open a retail store using the franchiser's name and operating system.

Using _____, two suppliers are the sole suppliers of two different parts, but they are also backup suppliers for each other's parts.

Using a _____ strategy, a company or business unit can capture a larger share of an existing market for current products through market saturation and marketing penetration, or it can develop new markets for current products.

Wal-Mart, McDonald's and Alamo are all examples of companies following which of Porter's competitive strategies?

What allowed Intel the ability to gain a significant cost advantage over its competitors in the production and sale of microprocessors?

What are the key environmental trends that are judged to have a medium to high probability of occurrence and a medium to high probability of impact on the corporation?

What are the key environmental trends that are judged to have a medium to high probability of occurrence and a medium to high probability of impact on the corporation?

What are the two distinct attributes of corporate culture?

What are the two generic competitive strategies that Porter promotes as the means for outperforming other corporations in a particular industry?

What is the activity that occurs in Stage I of international development?

What is the attribute of corporate culture that is the degree to which members of a unit accept the norms, values, or other culture content associated with the unit?

What is the first company to manufacture and sell a new product or service?

What is the first company to manufacture and sell a new product or service?

What is the largest of the current U.S. generations?

What is the particular combination of product, place, promotion, and price?

What is the percentage of U.S.-based expatriate managers who fail to adjust to a host country's social and business environment?

What is the popular strategy during Stage V of the organizational life cycle?

What is the technique that illustrates how management can match the external opportunities and threats with its strengths and weaknesses to yield four sets of strategic alternatives?

What is trend extrapolation?

What process involves a company taking apart a competitor's product in order to find out how it works

What process involves a company taking apart a competitor's product in order to find out how it works?

When a company determines a competency's competitive advantage, Barney refers to this issue as

When a company determines how and where a product or service is to be manufactured, the level of vertical integration in the production process, the deployment of physical resources, and relationships with suppliers, the company is developing its __________ strategy.

When a company following a differentiation strategy ensures that the higher price it charges for its higher quality is not priced too far above the price of the competition, the company is using the process of

When a company takes apart a competitor's product in order to find out how it works, this process is known as

When a company's core competencies are superior to those of competitors, these are known as

When a firm internally makes 100% of its key supplies and completely controls its distributors, this is known as:

When competitors involve themselves in rate wars, this strategy to avoid is known as

When Dell Computer's customers use the Internet to design their own computers, this demonstrates which manufacturing strategy?

When examining the corporate value chain of a particular product or service, which one of the following is NOT one of the PRIMARY activities that usually occur

When performance factors and their importance vary from one SBU to another, the appropriate method for matching measurements and rewards is

When Renault purchased a controlling interest in Japan's Nissan Motor Company, which approach to managing culture was employed?

When scientists concentrate on quality control and the development of design specifications, this is referred to as

When Smith & Wesson puts its name on others' products like men's cologne, it is using which marketing strategy?

When the return on investment for each division of a corporation is greater than what the return would be if each division were an independent business, that corporation is said to have achieved:

When the value chains of two separate products or services share activities, such as the same marketing channels, in order to reduce costs, this is an example of

When the value chains of two separate products or services share activities, such as the same marketing channels, in order to reduce costs, this is an example of:

When the value chains of two separate products or services share activities, such as the same marketing channels, in order to reduce costs, this is an example of:

When Yamaha entered the market with a broader range of pianos, keyboards, and other musical instruments, it was using which offensive tactic?

Which approach to decision-making is most useful when the environment is changing rapidly and when it is important to build consensus and develop needed resources before committing the entire corporation to a specific strategy?

Which barrier to entry uses cost advantages associated with large size?