BIO156 Quiz 2: Lessons 3 and 4

1 of 30

Light microscopes

	can generally magnify objects about 10,000 times without blurring.
	typically provide more resolution than an electron microscope.
	work by reflecting electrons off the surface of an object being studied.
	use light and glass lenses to magnify an image.
	All of the choices are correct.

Question

2 of 30

A scanning electron microscope is used to study __________, whereas a transmission electron microscope is used to study __________.

	live cells . . . dead cells
	cell surfaces . . . internal cell structures
	dead cells . . . live cells
	internal cell structures . . . cell surfaces
	plant tissue . . . animal tissue

Question

3 of 30

Which of the following statements is consistent with the Cell Theory?

	All cells originate spontaneously without prior parent cells.
	The cell is the basic structural and functional unity of life.
	Cells can only function when associated with other like cells.
	Many kinds of living things are not made of cells at all.
	Cells of living things all contain the same number and kind of interior organelles.

Question

4 of 30

We can characterize the fluid mosaic model of a membrane as ____________ floating in a sea of ___________

	lipids; protein
	proteins; lipid
	phospholipids; carbohydrate
	fats; water
	glucose; amino acids

Question

5 of 30

Large, round cells can overcome surface area to volume problems by

	becoming larger and rounder.
	increasing their size by at least twice.
	becoming smaller, narrower or flatter.
	increasing the amount of cytoplasm within the cell membrane.

Question

6 of 30

As cell size increases, the

	volume and surface area decrease.
	volume increases faster than the surface area.
	surface area increases faster than the volume.
	surface area and volume increase at the same rate.
	None of the choices are correct.

Question

7 of 30

Cells that lack a membrane-bound nucleus are __________ cells.

	plant
	animal
	prokaryotic
	eukaryotic
	fungal

Question

8 of 30

The membranous compartmentalization of a cell

	divides the cell into two equal-sized halves.
	allows different metabolic processes to occur simultaneously.
	requires the presence of a cell wall.
	requires the presence of a large central vacuole.
	is common in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Question

9 of 30

If a biologist said that eukaryotic cells get their power from bacteria, they would be referring to

	cells that break down bacteria to provide energy for life.
	the bacteria in our large intestines that digest food for us.
	the mitochondria in our cells that may have originated as endosymbiotic bacteria.
	infectious bacteria that make our bodies work harder to fight infections.

Question

10 of 30

Long fibers of DNA and protein are called a

	chromatin.
	nucleolus.
	ribosome.
	lysosome.
	central vacuole.

Question

11 of 30

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

	stores calcium ions in muscle cells.
	is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells.
	produces proteins for cell membranes.
	produces antibodies.
	helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Question

12 of 30

Secretory proteins are

	produced by ribosomes on the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
	chemically modified in the nucleus.
	produced by the cell for internal use.
	released from the cell through the plasma membrane.
	incorporated into the mitochondrial membrane.

Question

13 of 30

The Golgi apparatus

	is composed of stacks of membranous vesicles that are continuous with one another.
	stores, modifies, and packages proteins.
	strings together amino acids to produce proteins.
	forms fats from glycerols and fatty acids.
	is the site of carbohydrate breakdown.

Question

14 of 30

Lysosomes

	help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles.
	recycle materials within the cell.
	fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes.
	destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells.
	All of the choices are correct.

Question

15 of 30

Contractile vacuoles

	are generally found in protists that inhabit salt water.
	help in the excretion of excess salt.
	prevent cells from bursting as a result of the influx of excess water.
	allow organisms to avoid dehydration by absorbing water from the environment.
	All of the choices are correct.

Question

16 of 30

Cilia differ from flagella in that

	cilia are composed of microfilaments and flagella are composed of intermediate filaments.
	cilia contain nine microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair of microtubules; flagella contain only nine microtubule doublets.
	the protein filaments of cilia are naked; those of flagella are wrapped in an extension of the cell membrane.
	cilia are typically more numerous and shorter than flagella.
	cilia are anchored only in the proteins of the cell membrane; flagella are anchored in a special structure called the basal body.

Question

17 of 30

Plants with rigid cell walls are unable to do which process?

	diffusion
	osmosis
	active transport
	phagoctyosis

Question

18 of 30

Which of the following cell structures is not associated with the breakdown of harmful substances or substances that are no longer needed by the cell?

	lysosomes
	mitochondria
	peroxisomes
	vacuoles
	All of the choices play a role in these functions.

Question

19 of 30

Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids

	easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer.
	very slowly diffuse through a membrane's lipid bilayer.
	require transport proteins to pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer.
	are actively transported across cell membranes.
	usually enter the cell via endocytosis.

Question

20 of 30

Membrane phospholipids

	have hydrophobic heads that face the center of the membrane and are shielded from water.
	have hydrophilic tails that face outward and are exposed to water.
	often have "kinks" in their tails caused by the presence of a single rather than a double bond between carbons.
	remain fluid because they are tightly packed against one another.
	None of the choices are correct.

Question

21 of 30

Which one of the following is not a function of membrane proteins? Membrane proteins

	serve as enzymes.
	attach the membrane to the cytoskeleton.
	provide cellular identification tags.
	form junctions between cells.
	All of the choices are membrane protein functions.

Question

22 of 30

Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of

	exocytosis.
	phagocytosis.
	passive transport.
	active transport.
	endocytosis.

Question

23 of 30

If you were to transfer a saltwater, single-celled protist to fresh water, which of the following is likely to happen?

	The cell will shrink
	Salt will be pumped out of the cell
	Enzymes will flow out of the cell
	The cell will swell and burst

Question

24 of 30

Osmosis can be defined as

	the diffusion of water across a membrane.
	the diffusion of nonpolar molecules.
	active transport across a membrane.
	the diffusion of a solute.
	endocytosis across a membrane.

Question

25 of 30

If you were to transfer a freshwater, single-celled protist to saltwater, which of the following is likely to happen?

	The cell will shrink.
	Salt will be pumped out of the cell.
	Enzymes will flow out of the cell.
	The cell will swell and burst.

Question

26 of 30

Which of the following statements is true?

	Cells placed in an isotonic solution will swell.
	Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will swell.
	Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will shrink.
	Cells placed in a hypotonic solution will remain the same size.

Question

27 of 30

A cell that has neither a net gain nor a net lose of water when it is immersed in a solution is

	isotonic to its environment.
	hypertonic to its environment.
	hypotonic to its environment.
	metabolically inactive.
	dead.

Question

28 of 30

Active transport

	uses ATP as an energy source.
	can move solutes up a concentration gradient.
	requires the cell to expend energy.
	is necessary to allow nerves to function properly.
	All of the choices are correct.

Question

29 of 30

The act of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is

	osmosis.
	diffusion.
	receptor-mediated endocytosis.
	pinocytosis.
	phagocytosis.

Question

30 of 30

Phagocytosis is to eating as pinocytosis is to

	osmosis.
	drinking.
	chewing.
	hydrolysis.
	lysis.