BIO145 Marine Biology Lesson 11 Quiz

1 of 25

Deposit feeders would most likely be found on which substrate?

	Sandy bottoms
	Muddy bottoms
	Gravel bottoms
	Rocky shores
	None of the above

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2 of 25

Fjords are formed as a result of the

	subsidence of land.
	lowering of sea level.
	formation of sand bars and barrier islands.
	coast being cut by a river.
	raising of sea level.

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3 of 25

An animal that feeds by catching plankton as it swims by is called a

	deposit feeder.
	suspension feeder.
	opportunistic feeder.
	detritivore.
	scavenger

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4 of 25

The most common type of substrate in estuaries is

	mud.
	rock.
	coarse sand.
	fine sand.
	None of the above .

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5 of 25

Osmoconformers survive changes in salinity by

	maintaining the salinity of their body fluids constantly.
	moving up and down the water column in order to spend most of the day in the salt wedge.
	pumping water in as salinity decreases.
	allowing the salinity of their body fluids to vary with that of the surrounding water.
	increasing the amounts of salts in their body fluids no matter the salinity of the surrounding water.

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6 of 25

Most of the primary production on mud flats is due to

	diatoms.
	green algae.
	brown algae.
	red algae.
	sulfur bacteria.

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7 of 25

Interstitial organisms are also classified as

	infauna.
	endofauna.
	epifauna.
	meiofauna.
	midfauna.

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8 of 25

Blood rich in hemoglobin is an adaptation to

	fluctuating salinities.
	wide variations in temperature.
	soft sediments.
	feeding in detritus.
	low oxygen concentrations.

Question

9 of 25

Zonation in an estuary is made evident by

	a large number of worms in the mud.
	presence of different species along different horizontal levels in relation to tides.
	tide pools along the mud flats.
	absence of life in black sediments.
	high concentration of plants in salt marshes.

Question

10 of 25

The food web in salt-marsh communities is characterized by high primary production. Most of this production is made available to other communities in the form of

	plant tissue eaten by grazers.
	plankton eaten by filter feeders.
	detritus.
	plants eaten by herbivores.
	plants eaten by zooplankton.

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11 of 25

The worldwide distribution of mangrove forests is mostly determined by

	salinity.
	type of sediment.
	temperature.
	wave action.
	height of tide.

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12 of 25

Taking a fiddler crab to a new location and observing that its rhythms remain the same proves that fiddler crabs have a _____________ ___________.

	navigation system that relies on Earth's magnetic field
	tidal cycle
	reproductive cycle that corresponds to phases of the moon
	biological clock
	time-space orientation

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13 of 25

The loss of estuaries and mangrove forests is particularly serious since these ecosystems

	provide nesting or resting areas to many seabirds.
	are among the most productive of all marine ecosystems.
	provide habitats to many species.
	directly or indirectly provide food to many species.
	All of the above.

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14 of 25

Pneumatophores are used for

	excretion of excess salts.
	horizontal growth.
	aeration of plant tissues.
	reproduction.
	downward growth.

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15 of 25

The part of the continental shelf that is never exposed at low tide is called the

	littoral zone.
	subtidal zone.
	intertidal zone.
	pelagic zone.
	abyssal zone.

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16 of 25

The distribution of the infauna of soft-bottom subtidal communities is often closely related to

	temperature.
	particle size of sediment.
	salinity.
	distribution of seaweeds.
	light.

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17 of 25

Which of the following factors is most likely to have an effect on the global distribution of organisms on the continental shelf?

	Stratification of water
	Oxygen
	Nutrients
	Temperature
	Turbulence

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18 of 25

As turbulence decreases

	the amount of oxygen in the sediment decreases.
	the amount of detritus in the sediment decreases.
	the size of sediment particles increases.
	the relative number of suspension feeders increases.
	the relative number of seaweed species increases.

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19 of 25

Which of the following will be relatively uncommon components of rocky subtidal communities?

	Producers
	Grazers
	Predators
	Infauna
	Epifauna

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20 of 25

By definition, kelp forests develop when

	kelp fronds float on the surface.
	the kelp is large enough to rise above the bottom.
	the kelp lives in warm water.
	kelp fronds have leaves.
	the kelp holdfast is large enough to be called a true root system.

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21 of 25

Kelps are characteristic of

	soft bottoms.
	Arctic and Antarctic coasts.
	hard bottoms in the tropics.
	soft bottoms but only in the tropics.
	temperate regions.

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22 of 25

The distribution of kelp species along a particular coast is known to be affected by all of the following factors except

	light.
	wave action.
	carnivorous fishes.
	depth.
	type of grazers.

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23 of 25

Sea otters are known to affect the development of giant kelp forests by

	helping in the dispersion of spores.
	removing competing seaweeds.
	feeding on carnivorous fishes.
	feeding on grazing sea urchins.
	releasing nutrients present in feces and urine.

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24 of 25

Primary production on soft-bottomed subtidal communities is highest in

	salt marshes.
	mangrove forests.
	seagrass beds.
	oyster reefs.
	coral reefs.

Question

25 of 25

Which of the following strategies is not used by seaweeds resulting in less grazing?

	Chemical defenses
	Leathery consistency
	Calcium carbonate
	Bad taste
	Slow growth