{"id":9666,"date":"2021-06-21T07:53:20","date_gmt":"2021-06-21T07:53:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.homeworkminutes.com\/blog\/?p=9666"},"modified":"2022-12-27T03:40:50","modified_gmt":"2022-12-27T11:40:50","slug":"mexican-war-of-independence-history-and-timeline","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.homeworkminutes.com\/blog\/mexican-war-of-independence-history-and-timeline\/","title":{"rendered":"Mexican War of Independence: History and Timeline"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mexican war of independence was an armed revolt between Mexico and Spain. The uprising lasted between 1808 to 1821, and led to Mexico’s independence from Spain. Since then, Mexico became home to many great civilizations like the <\/span>Aztecs<\/span>. Moreover, all these civilizations flourished.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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In addition, the Aztec civilization was the last great civilization Spanish arrived, who ruled until 1521. In 1521, Spanish conqueror Hernan Cortez took over the Aztecs, and Mexico became a Spanish colony. Spain ruled Mexico for 300 years until the early 1800s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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The Mexican war of independence started as a peasant rebellion against colonial masters. In 1821, Mexico defeated Spain and finally gained independence.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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The heroes of the Mexican war of independence were Augustin de Iturbide and General Antonio Lopez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Also, Read<\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Background<\/strong><\/h2>\n

A colonial kingdom, <\/span>New Spain<\/span><\/a>, was founded after the Spanish conquest over the Aztec people. New Spain consisted of Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Central America, Costa Rica, as well as Florida, and the Philippines.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Moreover, <\/span>Hernan Cortez<\/span><\/a> conquered the Aztecs and turned it into the largest Spanish colony- New Spain. Territories of nomads were hard to conquer. Therefore, the Spanish colony inclined more to populated areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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It is because dense populations produced Pre-Columbian civilizations. The northern area of Mexico consisted of a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic people. After the discovery of silver in Zacatecas, it drew settlements there to exploit the mines.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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In addition, silver mining vastly enriched Spain and transformed the global economy. Spain had tremendous power over New Spain, including proprietary rights.<\/span><\/p>\n

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After the Mexican war of independence, New Spain lost parts of its territories, but the core area remained under Spanish control. After New Spain dissolved, it became modern Mexico and Central America.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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First Group- Spaniards<\/b><\/h3>\n

It was the most powerful group, and only Spaniards could obtain high-level jobs in the colonial government. They were the people born in Spain and sent to the Atlantic to rule.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Second Group- Creoles<\/b><\/h3>\n

Creoles were Spanish people born in Mexico. Moreover, they were prosperous landowners and merchants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Third Group- Mestizos<\/b><\/h3>\n

The Mestizos were ancestors of Spanish and Indians. The word Mestizos means “mixed.” Mestizos had a lower position compared to Spaniards and Creoles and were looked upon.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Fourth Group- Indians<\/h3>\n

The fourth group was the Indians and considered as the poorest a most marginalized group in New Spain. Hence, they had fewer powers and suffered harsher conditions than other groups.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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In addition, Indians were forced to work as labourers on the farms of the Spaniards and Creoles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Racial Division<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The New Spain population was divided into four groups or classes. Racial background and birthplace were the basis on which person belonged to a specific group or class. And Hispanic elites created this kind of division.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Evidently, the system of castes (race classification) was more than socio-racial classification. Therefore, it had effects visible in economics and taxation as well.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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Many wealthy persons and government officials were of peninsular (Iberian) and\/or European background. Whereas African or dark skin generally correlated with inferiority and poverty. The “whiter” meant more opportunity and high status; conversely, darker features meant less opportunity.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Culture and Economy<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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Mexico was the colony that provided more than half of the Empire taxes and supported North and Central American administrations. Competition of any kind with Spain was discouraged, like the cultivation of grapes and olives introduced by Hernan Cortez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Education was of prime importance in New Spain, and Mexico consisted of a significant educational background.<\/span><\/p>\n